172 Results Found

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the leading causes of offspring malformations, in which eye malformation is an important disease. It has raised demand for therapy to improve fetal outcomes. In this study, we used chick embryo to establi...

The American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus, Cuvier, 1807) (Class Reptilia, Family Crocodylidae) is a crocodile species inhabiting the Neotropics. Congenital defects have been described in almost every vertebrate group. In crocodiles, teratology altera...

Congenital malformations are a common adverse outcome in pregnancies complicated by pregestational obesity, although the underlying mechanisms are still unrevealed. Our aim was to study the effect of oxidative stress in obesity-induced teratogenesis....

Among nanoparticles (NPs), titanium dioxide is one of the most highly manufactured worldwide and widely used in multiple products for both industrial use and personal care products. This increases the probability of release into aquatic environments,...

The completion of embryonic development depends, in part, on the interplay between genetic factors and environmental conditions, and any alteration during development may affect embryonic genetic and epigenetic regulatory pathways leading to congenit...

The benzophenone (BP) family, including oxybenzone (BP-3), a prevalent sunscreen ingredient and environmental contaminant, has raised concerns since the year 2005. This study investigated oxybenzone toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) eleutheroembryo...

The increasing concern for the ecological risks of microplastics (MPs) as carriers of hydrophobic organic contaminants is evident. Di-butyl phthalate (DBP) is extensively utilized as an additive in plastic products, and both DBP and MPs are widesprea...

Embryogenesis is a well-coordinated process relying on precise cues and environmental signals that direct spatiotemporal embryonic patterning. Quite often, when one error in this process occurs, others tend to co-occur. We posit that investigating th...

Heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy (HCSP) is a combination of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and intrauterine pregnancy (IUP). Cesarean scar pregnancy is accompanied by life-threatening complications, such as uterine rupture and massive bleeding. Her...

Background: Adriamycin, a chemotherapy drug, was first shown to induce malformations in rat embryos in 1978, with subsequent studies focusing on the development of esophageal atresia. Recently, we examined early tracheal development in healthy rat em...

Eight novel pyridyl–oxazole carboxamides were evaluated against fungi and displayed good fungicidal activities against Botrytis cinereal and Rhizoctonia solani. Preliminary bioassay results indicated that at 100 mg/L, compounds 6a–6e, 6g and 6h exhib...

Embryos with homozygous mutation of Eftud2 in their neural crest cells (Eftud2ncc−/−) have brain and craniofacial malformations, hyperactivation of the P53-pathway and die before birth. Treatment of Eftud2ncc−/− embryos with p...

The article will briefly introduce the high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM) technique and will focus on its potential for researching cardiovascular development and remodelling in embryos of biomedical model organisms. It will demonstrate the...

Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA) is derived from the dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a traditional Chinese medicine. Although Salvia miltiorrhiza has been applied for many years, the toxicity of the mono-constituent of Salvia miltiorrhiza, tanshino...

Adriamycin is an anthracycline antibiotic widely used for the treatment of many types of cancer. The cytotoxic effect of Adriamycin occurs by a free radical-mediated mechanism. Thus, to prevent or reduce the toxic effect of Adriamycin, it is possible...

The pharmacological and toxicological effects of active metabolites of enzymes including cytochrome P450 (CYP) are important. While it has been believed for a long time that thalidomide causes characteristic limb malformation only in rabbits and prim...

Hyperglycemia in early-stage embryogenesis is linked to diabetic embryopathy. High-glucose-concentration-induced accumulation of hexokinase-2 (HK2) may initiate metabolic dysfunction that contributes to diabetic embryopathy, including increased forma...

Background: Assisted reproductive technology (ART) nowadays plays a major role in the treatment of infertility, with the most frequently used techniques being in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The objective of...

Oxylipins such as polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs) and hydroxyacids (HEPEs) are signaling molecules derived from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are common in diatoms that constitute a major group of microalgae in freshwater and oc...

Glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) and peroxiredoxin 2 (Prdx2) belong to the thiol peroxidase family of antioxidants, and have been studied for their antioxidant functions and roles in cancers. However, the physiological significance of Gpx1 and Prdx2 d...

Avian embryos have been used for centuries to study development due to the ease of access. Because the embryos are sheltered inside the eggshell, a small window in the shell is ideal for visualizing the embryos and performing different interventions....

Xanthone is an organic compound mostly found in mangosteen pericarp and widely known for its anti-proliferating effect on cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the effects of xanthone crude extract (XCE) and α-mangostin (α-MG) on norm...

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) represent the most common form of human birth defects; approximately one-third of heart defects involve malformations of the outflow tract (OFT). Maternal diabetes increases the risk of CHD by 3–5 fold. During heart or...

Antioxidant supplementation may potentially be beneficial for embryonic development to reduce complications associated with increased levels of oxidative stress. Chlorogenic acid, one of the key polyphenolic antioxidants in S. oleraceus, was evaluate...

In 1990, Gorlin et al. described four types of craniofacial duplications: (1) single mouth with duplication of the maxillary arch; (2) supernumerary mouth laterally placed with rudimentary segments; (3) single mouth with replication of the mandibular...

(1) Background: Isotretinoin (ISO) is a systemic retinoid known for its teratogenic effects on embryos and fetuses. The aim of this study was to compare the pregnancy outcomes of women who were exposed to isotretinoin with those of women without such...

Radiation modifiers are largely studied for their contribution to enlarging the treatment window. Curcumin is already known for its antioxidant properties; however, its role as a radioprotector in preclinical studies is affected by the well-known low...

Amicarbazone (AMZ), a triazolinone herbicide widely applied in agriculture, is known to inhibit photosystem II in target plants, disrupting photosynthesis and causing oxidative stress that leads to weed mortality. Despite its widespread use, the deve...

Fish egg quality can be markedly influenced by the oocyte age after ovulation. In this study, we examined the duration of oocyte ageing in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) and whether prolonged ageing is associated with the incidence of ploidy anomalies i...

The heart is the first functioning organ in the developing embryo and a detailed understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in its formation provides insights into congenital malformations affecting its function and therefore the...

The Zebrafish Embryo Developmental Toxicity Assay (ZEDTA) is a promising and innovative method with potential to replace the screening of teratogenic substances in mammals during preclinical development. However, a harmonized and validated protocol d...

Temperature is a crucial environmental factor that affects embryonic development, particularly for marine organisms with long embryonic development periods. However, the sensitive period of embryonic development and the role of autophagy/apoptosis in...

The presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in aquatic environments is often persistent and widespread. Understanding the potential adverse effects from this group of chemicals on aquatic communities allows for better hazard character...

Sturgeons also known as living fossils are facing threats to their survival due to overfishing and interference in natural habitats. Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) due to its rapid reproductive cycle and small body size can be used as a sterile host fo...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a secondary metabolite produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, has been found among various foods as well as in fish feed. However, the effects of AFB1 on fish development and its associated toxic mechanism are still unclear....

The abuse of pesticides and antibiotics has increased the potential risks for coastal marine organisms. Thus, the evaluation of the toxic effects on and mechanisms of both marine organisms is very important. This study investigated the developmental...

It has been widely accepted that prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) can affect embryonic and fetal development in mammals, depending on dose and gestational age of the exposure, however, the precise machinery underlying the IR-induced distu...

Solvent Violet 47 (SV47) and Disperse Blue 14 (DB14) are two anthraquinone dyes that were previously used in different formulations for the production of violet-colored smoke. Both dyes have shown potential for toxicity; however, there is no comprehe...

Early life stage tests with zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used to detect toxic effects of compounds from a Microcystis aeruginosa natural bloom extracton their embryolarval development. We carried out the exposure of developing stages of fish to compl...

Azoxystrobin, a widely used strobilurin fungicide, poses a potential risk to aquatic ecosystems due to its frequent detection in surface waters. Although its toxicity to non-target organisms has been extensively studied under standardized conditions,...

Golden cuttlefish Sepia esculenta Hoyle is an economically important cephalopod species. However, artificial hatching is currently challenged by low survival rate of larvae due to abnormal embryonic development. Dissecting the genetic foundation and...

The beating heart is subject to intrinsic mechanical factors, exerted by contraction of the myocardium (stretch and strain) and fluid forces of the enclosed blood (wall shear stress). The earliest contractions of the heart occur already in the 10-som...

Body stalk anomaly (BSA) is a rare and usually fatal congenital disorder involving severe malformations of the body wall, limbs, spine, and internal organs. This study presents the first documented cases of BSA in seven dogs, offering new insights in...

C10 massoia lactone (C10) is the main component of massoia essential oil derived from Cryptocarya massoia plant bark, which is used as natural flavoring agent of “generally recognized as safe” status. In this study, the developmental toxi...

Mercury (Hg), as the most potentially hazardous heavy metal, has accumulated in the aquatic environment and has caused concern about its safety. To test the toxic effects of mercury chloride (Hg2+) on rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus), the acute toxici...

Background and Objective. Nanotechnology works with substances at a nanometer scale, and it offers many solutions for biomedicine. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been shown as effective agents for imaging, drug delivery, pathogen detection, etc. However, t...

Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are relatively common congenital abnormalities, but their pathogenesis is poorly understood. Previous gene knockout studies indicated that the signalling pathway mediated by the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) is instrume...

Lead (Pb) is an important raw material for modern industrial production, they enter the aquatic environment in several ways and cause serious harm to aquatic ecosystems. Lead ions (Pb2+) are highly toxic and can accumulate continuously in organisms....

DNA damage during early life stages may have a negative effect on embryo development, inducing mortality and malformations that have long-lasting effects during adult life. Therefore, in the current study, we analyzed the effect of DNA damage induced...

Copper (Cu2+) and zinc (Zn2+) are two kinds of heavy metals essential to living organisms. Cu2+ and Zn2+ at excessive concentrations can cause adverse effects on animals, but little is known about the thyroid-disrupting effects of these metals in fis...