339 Results Found

The removal of the electrolyte solvents in an early-stage thermal drying step is crucial for safe and efficient recycling processes for end-of-life lithium-ion batteries. A comprehensive understanding of the governing influences on the solvent volati...

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrolytes are generally composed of a mixture of organic hydrocarbons and lithium salt (e.g., LiPF6). Experimental density data for basic and realistic multicomponent mixtures are scarce in the literature, and a predictiv...

Ionic liquids (ILs), with their wide electrochemical stable potential window, are promising electrolytes for supercapacitors (SCs). The suitable matching of the ion size and shape of the ILs to the pore size and structure of porous carbon (PC) electr...

Inorganic electrolytes present in the process water used during froth flotation may have both beneficial and detrimental effects. These effects are said to be ion specific, as some ions may result in enhanced froth stability, increased mineral recove...

Aqueous sources like salt lake brines and seawater are the most abundant source for lithium ions and might contribute to the growing demand for lithium for energy storage. By coupling with the increasingly relevant reverse osmosis systems, nanofiltra...

Simplex-centroid mixture design (SCMD) is applied to change the combination of Na2SiO3, KF, NaOH and NaAlO2 to examine the influences of electrolyte components and their interactions on the thickness and corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation (M...

The concentration dependence of the surface tension of several binary mixtures of non-electrolytes has been measured at 298.15 K. The mixtures have been chosen since they presented a so-called “W-shape” concentration dependence of the exc...

Interest in the possible use of EAN in electronic devices has increased in recent years. EAN can be used directly as an electrolyte, but its application could potentially be optimized by mixing with a metal salt such as Al(NO3)3. Although ionic liqui...

The possibilities of manufacturing batteries with Nafion 117 membranes in the Na+-form intercalated by mixtures of non-aqueous organic solvents used both as an electrolyte, separator, and binder were investigated. Electrochemical stability of various...

The development of post-lithium current sources, such as sodium-ion batteries with improved energy characteristics and an increased level of safety, is one of the key issues of modern energy. It requires the search and study of materials (including e...

Aryldiazonium, ArN2+, ions decompose spontaneously through the formation of highly reactive aryl cations that undergo preferential solvation by water, showing a low selectivity towards the nucleophiles present in their solvation shell. In this work,...

This study is focused on the structural influence of 1,2,4-triazolium ionic liquid (IL), that is, the effect of the length of the substituent and the type of substitution (1-methyl-4-alkyl or 1-alkyl-4-methyl) used in the mixture with propylene carbo...

The cold sintering process (CSP) for synthesizing oxide-based electrolytes, which uses water transient solvents and uniaxial pressure, is a promising alternative to the conventional high temperature sintering process due to its low temperature (<2...

In order to clarify the adsorption behavior of cationic surfactants on the air/aqueous electrolyte solution surface, we derived the theoretical equation for the surface tension. The equation includes the electrical work required for charging the air/...

Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted increasing attention due to their unique physicochemical properties. Among them, 1-Methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, emerges as an ideal candidate for fundamental studies in electroche...

During in-situ mining and leaching of ionic rare earth ore, a chemical replacement reaction occurs between the leaching agent and rare earth ore. The thickness of the shear layer on the surface of colloidal particles is an important physical paramete...

In the present work, the effect of temperature and additives on the ionic conductivity of mixed organic/ionic liquid electrolytes (MOILEs) was investigated by conducting galvanostatic charge/discharge and ionic conductivity experiments. The mixed ele...

Although disubstituted imidazolium cation is sterically crowded, hundreds of ionic liquids based on this cation have been reported as electrolytes for energy storage devices. In contrast to disubstituted imidazolium, non-substituted imidazolium is un...

A photopolymerization method is used to prepare a mixture of polymer ionic liquid (PIL) and ionic liquid (IL). This mixture is used as a solid-state electrolyte in carbon nanoparticle (CNP)-based symmetric supercapacitors. The solid electrolyte is a...

In order to improve the electrochemical properties of poly(ethylene oxide), a well-known-solid polymer electrolyte, by adding zwitterion molecules, the synthesis of a new zwitterion (ZN) having imidazolium cation and sulfonyl(trifluoromethane sulfony...

When the concentration of a gas is below its lower flammable limit and the content of a liquid is below its minimum explosible concentration, their combined fuel mixture can be ignitable. The flammability characteristics and inhibition strategies for...

The capacitance and operating voltage of supercapacitors as well as their energy density have been increased by development of different materials and electrolytes. In this paper, two strategies, for the first time, were used to improve energy densit...

The electrolyte is an important component of lithium-ion batteries, especially when it comes to cycling high-voltage cathode materials. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for estimating both the oxidising and reducing potential of electrolytes us...

Each battery cell consists of three main components: the anode, the cathode, and the separator soaked with liquid electrolyte, the medium in the battery that allows charged ions to move between the two electrodes. Besides a wide electrochemical stabi...

In the current context of increasing energy demand, ionic liquids (ILs) are presented as possible candidates to replace conventional electrolytes and to develop more efficient energy storage devices. The IL 1-Methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluor...

The focus of mainstream lithium-ion battery (LIB) research is on increasing the battery’s capacity and performance; however, more effort should be invested in LIB safety for widespread use. One aspect of major concern for LIB cells is the gas g...

The electrochemical behavior of copper (II) on glassy carbon from an eutectic mixture of choline chloride (ChCl) and ethylene glycol (EG) was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The redox and deposition processes were studied for electrolyte...

Ionic liquids (ILs) have a wide variety of applications in modern electrochemistry due to their unique electrolytic properties. In particular, they are promising candidates as dopants for polymeric membranes in potentiometric sensors and liquid-junct...

Anode-free lithium-ion batteries offer a volumetric energy density approximately 60% higher than that of conventional lithium-ion cells. Despite this advantage, they often experience rapid capacity degradation and a limited cycle life. Optimizing ele...

A solubility model of SO2 in multi-ion electrolyte solutions has been developed by the activity-fugacity relation at vapor-liquid equilibria. The fugacity coefficient of SO2 in the vapor phase is calculated by the equation of state (EOS) of pure SO2,...

In this study, catalytically active coatings on titanium were synthesized by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in aqueous electrolytes based on sodium tungstate with the addition of sodium phosphate or sodium borate and chelate complexes of iron, c...

Polymerized ionic liquids (PIL) are an interesting substance class, which is discussed to transfer the outstanding properties and tunability of ionic liquids into a solid material. In this study we extend our previous research on ammonium based PIL a...

Na+-conducting, binary electrolytic mixtures, based on 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium, trimethyl-butyl-ammonium, and N-alkyl-N-methyl-piperidinium ionic liquid (IL) families, were designed and investigated. The anions were selected among the per(fluoro...

Zeolite Battery Research Africa (ZEBRA) batteries (Na-NiCl2 solid electrolyte batteries, SEBs) have commercial applications in energy storage due to their low costs and recyclability, long lifetime, and high safety. In commercial ZEBRA batteries, Ni...

Here we present the fabrication of graphene and jelly (superabsorbent polymer) electrolyte composite-based shockproof flexible electrochemical sensors (Al/Gr-Jelly/Cu) and their properties under the effect of humidity and temperature. A layer of grap...

The voltage of an alkaline electrolyte-based battery is often limited by the narrow electrochemical stability window of water (1.23 V). As an alternative to water, ionic liquid (IL)-based electrolyte has been shown to exhibit excellent proton conduct...

Dye-sensitized solar cells with synthesized phenothiazine derivative 3,7′-bis(2-cyano-1-acrylic acid)-10-ethyl-phenothiazine (PTZ) and commercial di-tetrabutylammonium cis-bis(isothiocyanato)bis(2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylato)rut...

Choline salts represent sustainable and safe electrolyte systems. In this study, an aqueous 1 M choline nitrate solution was employed to prepare hydrogel polymer electrolytes (HPE) via in situ photopolymerization. To enhance compatibility between the...

Li6.3La3Zr1.65W0.35O12 (LLZO)-Li6PS5Cl (LPSC) composite electrolytes and all-solid-state cells containing LLZO-LPSC were fabricated by cold pressing at room temperature. The LPSC:LLZO ratio was varied, and the microstructure, ionic conductivity, and...

Electrochemical capacitors operating in an aqueous electrolyte solution have become ever-more popular in recent years, mainly because they are cheap and ecofriendly. Additionally, aqueous electrolytes have a higher ionic conductivity than organic ele...

Bromine complexing agents (BCAs) are used to reduce the vapor pressure of bromine in the aqueous electrolytes of bromine flow batteries. BCAs bind hazardous, volatile bromine by forming a second, heavy liquid fused salt. The properties of BCAs in a s...

Electrolyte formulations in standard lithium ion and lithium metal batteries are complex mixtures of various components. In this article, we review molecular key principles of ion complexes in multicomponent electrolyte solutions in regards of their...

Oxide layers on titanium foils were produced by galvanostatically controlled plasma electrolytic oxidation in 12.9 M sulfuric acid with small amounts of phosphoric acid added up to a 3% mole fraction. In pure sulfuric acid, the oxide layer is distinc...

This work presents the first practical application of ionic electrolytes for electropolishing of nickel-based superalloys. It contains the results of an experiment-driven optimization of the applied potential and electrolyte temperature during electr...

High-power lithium-ion batteries impose stringent requirements on output power. Tetramethylene sulfone (TMS), serving as a novel electrolyte additive, effectively enhances the stability of electrolytes under high-voltage conditions due to its high fl...

Solid polymer electrolytes show their potential to partially replace conventional electrolytes in electrochemical devices. The solvent evaporation rate represents one of many options for modifying the electrode–electrolyte interface by affectin...

In this study, 1.6 M vanadium electrolytes in the oxidation forms V(III) and V(V) were prepared from V(IV) in sulfuric (4.7 M total sulphate), V(IV) in hydrochloric (6.1 M total chloride) acids, as well as from 1:1 mol mixture of V(III) and V(IV) (de...

This study examined the role of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in stabilizing the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and enhancing the electrochemical performance of SiOx-based composite negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. Two electrolyte s...

The purpose of this work is to check the viability of mixtures of ionic liquids and lithium salt as electrolytes in Li- batteries. Firstly, the determination of the thermo-electrical properties of liquid mixtures of the ionic liquid N-butyl-N-methyl-...

The ecotoxicity of a mixture of the ionic liquid ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) and aluminum nitrate salt (Al(NO3)3), as well as the corresponding pure components, was studied in this work. This mixture is of singular interest as electrolytes in electro...