The Immunization Agenda 2030 prioritizes the populations without access to vaccines. Health equity has been increasingly incorporated into economic evaluations of vaccines to foster equitable access. Robust and standardized methods are needed to eval...
Rail transit station areas (RSAs) are heralded as a transformative approach to urban planning, emphasizing the integration of transportation, housing, and commercial development to foster sustainable and inclusive cities. This study presents a compre...
Reducing inequality and fostering economic growth is the tenth global goal of the United Nations for sustainable development. Rail transport significantly influences spatial structures, industrial distributions, and is vital for regional economic int...
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Prosperity Cluster (SDGs 7–11) represents a multidimensional framework linking economic growth, social inclusion, environmental sustainability, and resilient development. This review critically examines...
This study investigates the relationship between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and the cost of equity capital (CoEC). It also reveals the moderating role of managerial ability (MA) in the relationship between EPU and CoEC in Saudi Arabia. The stu...
This study critically engages the ongoing national conversation and policy discourse on land expropriation without compensation in South Africa, offering both analytical insight and a principled position. It presents a qualitative, normative-analytic...
Enterprises are not only the main source of energy consumption and pollution emissions but also a key force in environmental governance. There is no doubt that the positive impact of enterprise environmental protection investment (EPI) on other stake...
1 March 2019
From a water footprint perspective, this paper adopts Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as the influencing factor to construct a lexicographical optimization framework for optimizing water resources allocation under equity and efficiency considerations. T...
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are critical contributors to economic growth, innovation, and employment. However, they often struggle in securing external financing. This financial gap mainly arises from perceived risks and information asy...
The financial sector is divided into two broad categories: equity and banking markets. The healthy functioning of these sectors plays an imperative role in any economy. This study aimed to examine the short- and long-term relationship between the Isl...
5 October 2022
Background: When the global COVID-19 epidemic continues to spread, residents pay more attention to their health. This paper studies the relationship between the equity of government health expenditure and the health level of residents. Methods: The T...
Efficiency impacts can be assessed based on improvements in accessibility promoted by the high-speed rail (HSR) project, focusing mainly on major urban areas. Spatial equity impacts originate from changes in the distribution of accessibility levels o...
Institutions affect economic development and social stability, and the characteristics of institutional change are a complex and widely discussed topic. This paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework to describe the relationship between insti...
Policy interventions are widely used to promote regional development and reshape economic structure, yet their broader transport, spatial, and environmental impacts have received limited attention. This study develops an integrated urban computable g...
Introduction: This study examined how social, economic, and political factors influenced psychological and physical health disparity in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Using survey data from three surveys from 2020 to 2021, we identified...
As the climate crisis intensifies, the low-carbon transition seems to be the necessary path to maintain the sustainability of the 3E system. However, does it no longer pose potential threats to sustainability? In the context of the low-carbon transit...
This study examines the dynamics of equity market volatility and economic policy uncertainty (EPU) in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using daily return data for sectoral indices and the JSE All Share Index (ALSI) from 1 January 2020 to 31...
The accelerating global transition to electric mobility demands data-driven infrastructure planning that balances technical, economic, and spatial considerations. This study develops a scenario-based demand and economic modeling framework to estimate...
Rural electrification in Sub-Saharan Africa faces a trilemma: cutting carbon emissions, making it economically viable, and achieving fair access to energy for all. This paper develops a multi-objective framework that optimises carbon revenue, net pre...
This paper considers bottled water with respect to the three pillars of sustainability: economic viability, environmental impacts, and social equity. Per-capita consumption of bottled water has been growing steadily and is the fastest-growing sector...
Based on China’s multi-region input–output tables from 2012 and 2017, we measured the greywater footprint and the value-added totals implied by trade within the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Additionally, we constructed an environmental in...
One of the most crucial discussions within water resource management is the debate between those who defend the concept of economic efficiency and those who privilege notions of social equity. This tension is located at the core of binary categories...
Rural household photovoltaic (PV) systems can reduce electricity costs and generate feed-in revenue, but their actual feasibility is constrained by rooftop area, upfront investment, discounted payback period, and household affordability. This study d...
Background/Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic imposed an unprecedented global health and economic burden, prompting rapid implementation of diverse public health interventions. This review aimed to synthesize global evidence...
31 May 2026
Introduction: Disability in South Africa remains a key driver of socioeconomic inequality, affecting labour market participation, income security, and access to social protection. Conventional fiscal instruments, including medical tax credits and ded...
Traditional benefit–cost analysis (BCA) summarizes the average net social benefit of a policy but often obscures how benefits and costs are distributed across groups. This is a major limitation in health policy settings, where decision-makers m...
The performance evaluation index system was established on the basis of 4E (Efficiency, Economic, Effectiveness, Equity) theory to improve performance evaluation of Public-Private Partnership Projects for Residential Renovation (4P2R). Moreover, the...
An economic analysis identifies, measures, and compares the costs and benefits of alternative interventions, with the objective of supporting decisions concerning the best use of limited resources. The cost benefit analysis (CBA) has played a signifi...
Companies are very important contributors to the long-term sustainable wealth of economies and society. Public companies are likely to be especially important for economic, environmental, and social development. That is why we focus on initial public...
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are offered as a comprehensive strategy to guide and encourage sustainable development at multiple scales both nationally and internationally. Furthermore, through the development of indicators associated with...
Data envelopment analysis (DEA), which is frequently used in efficiency analysis, has also been applied to the measurement of entrepreneurial efficiency for the attainment of desired values of macroeconomic indicators (such as the objectives of susta...
This study developed an investment framework to implement dynamic factor rotation strategies according to changes in economic conditions. I constructed a useful macro indicator that tracked real-time business cycles of the US economy and applied a tr...
The contribution deals with the economic value added and its influence on credit absorption capacity. The aim was to determine the significance of the difference between the economic value added (EVA) entity and EVA equity indicators on credit absorp...
Along with the rising concerns of career education in school, the government in South Korea has increased investments for closing the opportunity gap in career education. However, limited studies explored the equity in students’ outcomes of car...
Vaccine equity and access remain critical challenges in global health, particularly in regions with complex socio-political landscapes, like the Middle East. This review examines disparities in vaccine distribution within the Middle Eastern context,...
This study analyzed the relationship between energy trilemma (ET) and economic growth in 109 countries between 2000 and 2020 across income levels and regions. This study constructed an extended Cobb-Douglas production function including three element...
The recent COVID-19 pandemic, and subsequent invasion of Ukraine by Russia, has demonstrated to the world the volatile and fragile nature of global supply chains. Hence, this study is based on research gaps that propose new sustainable business-to-bu...
Rice, wheat, corn, soybeans, and sorghum are the five major crops in China, which account for 92% of the country’s total grain production and 33% of its water consumption. Combining water footprint analysis tools with sustainability assessment...
This paper evaluates an editorial and seven invaluable and interesting review papers for the Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM). The topics covered include the rising complexity of bank regulatory capital requirements from global guideli...
Equity in gifted education remains a persistent international challenge, particularly regarding the “excellence gap” in advanced achievement and long-term attainment. This study investigates the supports and barriers shaping the talent de...
This study examines regional disparities and convergence dynamics in paediatric healthcare accessibility across Poland’s 16 provinces between 2010 and 2023. A synthetic Paediatric Service Accessibility Index (PSA Index), constructed with Hellwi...
Background/Objectives: This study investigates disparities in physical fitness among Connecticut K-12 students post-COVID-19, highlighting persistent inequities across race, socioeconomic status, language proficiency, and dis/ability. Methods: Utiliz...
Portugal’s renewable energy transition plays a pivotal role in addressing climate change, enhancing energy security, and promoting sustainable development. This study examines the socio-economic impacts of renewable energy policies in Portugal...
South Korea’s 11th Long-term Plan for Transmission and Substation Equipment (LPTSE, 2024–2038) invests KRW 72.8 trillion (USD 52.3 billion) to integrate 91.9 GW renewables while securing supply for semiconductor/artificial intelligence de...
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the technological, environmental, economic, regulatory, and social dimensions shaping the development and operation of agricultural biogas plants. The paper adopts a primarily European perspective, ref...
10 November 2022
Equal and adequate access to healthcare is one of the pillars of Portuguese health policy. Despite the controversy over commissioning processes’ contribution to equity in health, this article aims to clarify the relationship between socio-econo...
20 January 2020
Health literacy has been identified as an important and changeable intermediary determinant of health equity. Vocational education and training (VET) schools are a relevant setting for health behavior interventions seeking to diminish health inequiti...
This study assessed the accounting-based variables and value-based management (VBM) variables that jointly affect firm value and performance. The study applied the causality test and variance decomposition to determine the variability of the variable...
Election cycles have been called for in many countries for 2024, including [...]
25 September 2025
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus and hypertension increasingly co-occur in South Africa. Despite publicly funded care, patients with multimorbidity face high out-of-pocket costs, yet limited evidence exists from the patient perspective. Purpo...
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