9 September 2024
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of the gut–brain axis with pronounced adverse effects on physical health, psychological health, and overall quality of life. Diagnostic strategies can vary, highlighting a need to synthesize best-pra...
The laryngopharyngeal form of gastroesophageal disease represents one of the atypical manifestations of supraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux disease characterized by morphologic and functional changes in the larynx and pharynx with the associated...
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a heterogeneous interstitial lung disease (ILD) that may be difficult to confidently diagnose. Recently, the 2020 ATS/JRS/ALAT HP diagnostic guidelines were published, yet data validating their performance in real...
Sophisticated screening protocols for genetic abnormalities constitute an important component of current prenatal care, aiming to identify high-risk pregnancies and offer appropriate counseling to parents regarding their options. Definite prenatal di...
Due to the increasing use of cross-sectional imaging techniques and new technical possibilities, the number of incidentally detected cystic lesions of the pancreas is rapidly increasing in everyday radiological routines. Precise and rapid classificat...
(1) Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is highly associated with various somatic conditions that can be masked by the core symptoms of ASD and thus complicate the diagnosis. Identifying co-occurring somat...
Aim: This study sought to compare two common risk stratification systems in terms of their diagnostic performance for the evaluation of thyroid malignancy. Methods: The American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (T...
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare, under-recognized disease that affects respiratory ciliary function, resulting in chronic oto-sino-pulmonary disease. The PCD clinical phenotype overlaps with other common respiratory conditions and no singl...
This article is an overview of guidelines for the clinical diagnosis and surgical treatment of predominantly colonic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This overview describes the systematically and comprehensively multidisciplinary recommendations b...
This study aimed to investigate whether the incorporation of contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound (CH-EUS) into the international consensus guidelines (ICG) for the management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) could improv...
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used in radiology, prompting the development of reporting guidelines, checklists, position statements, and evaluation frameworks. This systematic review aimed to identify and characterize...
Feline health screening in South Korea lacks local disease priorities. We developed a model combining diagnostic proportions from 39,016 diagnosis entries with disease importance and treatment/management efficacy ratings from 39 veterinarians. Two sc...
Histological diagnosis of Canine Mammary Tumours (CMTs) provides the basis for proper treatment and follow-up. Nowadays, its accuracy is poorly understood and variable interpretation of histological criteria leads to a lack of standardisation and imp...
Objective: A substantial number of patients with a transient loss of consciousness (T-LOC) are referred to a tertiary syncope unit without a diagnosis. This study investigates the final diagnoses reached in patients who, on referral, were undiagnosed...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is frequently detected in pre-existing liver cirrhosis, but can also develop without such pre-conditions. There is an increasing trend of HCC incidence worldwide. In patients with liver cirrhosis, HCC has become the lea...
Arterial hypertension (HTN) represents the major cardiovascular risk factor and still represents a global health issue. In the last two years, three international societies published the new guidelines for the treatment of HTN (European Society of Ca...
Germany has a long history of insufficient iodine supply and thyroid nodules occur in over 30% of the adult population, the vast majority of which are benign. Non-invasive diagnostics remain challenging, and ultrasound-based risk stratification syste...
For inherited diseases, obtaining a definitive diagnosis is critical for proper disease management, family planning, and participation in clinical trials. This can be challenging for dysferlinopathy due to the significant clinical overlap between the...
Background: The COL4A1 and COL4A2 genes encode the alpha-1 and alpha-2 chains of type IV collagen, which are fundamental components of the basement membrane, playing key roles in both structural support and cellular regulation [...]
Background and Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy in Oman and among the top three cancers nationally, with an increasing burden of early-onset CRC (EOCRC) diagnosed before age 50. Despite national CRC g...
The objective of this review is to investigate the distribution and the characteristics of coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) implicated in ovine mastitis, and especially in subclinical cases, in order to provide a global perspective of the curr...
Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming an increasingly important component of dentomaxillofacial radiology, with applications ranging from panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to magnetic resonance imaging, radiomics, and...
Variant interpretation is challenging as it involves combining different levels of evidence in order to evaluate the role of a specific variant in the context of a patient’s disease. Many in-depth refinements followed the original 2015 American...
2 February 2023
Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), also known as cicatricial pemphigoid (CP), is a heterogeneous group of subepidermal blistering diseases that affect the mucous membranes, most frequently in the eye and oral cavity. MMP is often unrecognized or misdi...
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease in industrialized countries. Stress echocardiography (SE), using either exercise or dobutamine protocols, has emerged as a critical tool to overcome limitations of resting echocardiograph...
Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CCDS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting older dogs that shares many pathological mechanisms with human Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although it is common in geriatric dogs, CCDS is often un...
Background: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is widely used in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of heart failure (HF). However, its diagnostic performance for detecting elevated left ventricular filling pressure, particularly at low...
Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR), though a rare event, is associated with severe detrimental sequelae for the patient. To date, the etiology remains unknown, and treatment strategies are highly controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study is t...
Background and Objectives An accurate determination of the pulp status is relevant for a proper endodontic diagnosis. Objectives: The aim was to develop a universal pulse oximeter probe holder for measuring the oxygen saturation and to evaluate the u...
Attention and awareness towards musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the dental profession has increased considerably in the last few years. From recent literature reviews, it appears that the prevalence of MSDs in dentists concerns between 64 and 93%...
Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a growing health burden. High mortality rates, increasing numbers of at-risk hosts, and a limited availability of rapid diagnostics and therapeutic options mean that patients are increasingly exposed to unnecessary an...
The overuse of antibiotics is the main driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, there has been limited surveillance data on AMR and antibiotic prescribing at a primary healthcare level in South Africa. An observational, analytic, cross-sect...
26 November 2020
Background: Overuse reduces the efficiency of healthcare systems and compromises patient safety. Different institutions have issued recommendations on the indication of preoperative chest X-rays, but the degree of compliance with these recommendation...
The application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to characterize cancer genomes has resulted in the discovery of numerous genetic markers. Consequently, the number of markers that warrant routine screening in molecular diagnostic laboratories, oft...
This update is aimed at various specialists who deal with fractures, such as emergency physicians, general practitioners, orthopedists, and sports medicine physicians. The Global Burden of Disease 2019 Fracture Collaborators estimated the worldwide i...
Thyroid ultrasonography (US) usage has risen significantly over the past two decades, with annual increases of up to 21% in some healthcare systems. This review examines patterns in thyroid US usage, factors driving potential misuse, and strategies t...
Sjögren’s Disease (SjD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by sicca symptoms arising from impaired salivary and lacrimal gland function and accompanying extraglandular involvement. SjD is recognized as an illness of female dominance f...
Background/Objectives: Coeliac disease is an immune-mediated disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that may result in significant nutritional deficiencies. Effective management requires strict, lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet. Both underdia...
Vasectomy is a reliable male contraceptive method with a success rate exceeding 98%. Despite its efficacy, vasectomy is not foolproof, with potential early and late failures requiring careful postoperative monitoring via post-vasectomy semen analysis...
Plasmodium vivax malaria continues to cause a significant burden of disease in the Asia-Pacific, the Horn of Africa, and the Americas. In addition to schizontocidal treatment, the 8-aminoquinoline drugs are crucial for the complete removal of the par...
Diagnosing allergies is not always easy. Sometimes the symptoms reported by the patient do not match the results of diagnostic tests. Diagnostics of IgE-dependent allergy, including allergy to furry animals, can be based on two basic strategies, &ldq...
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has reshaped bacterial infectious disease diagnostics, yet important interpretive gaps remain regarding the relationship among molecular detection, cycle threshold (Ct) values, microbial viability, culture fi...
Background/Objectives: Head and neck sarcomas account for 11% of all soft tissue and 9% of all bone sarcomas in the UK. Diagnostic delays are common, with non-specific symptoms and histological misdiagnosis reported in up to 42% of cases. This study...
Background: Sarcomas are rare malignant tumors for which diagnostic delay is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Primary care clinicians (PCCs) are often the first physicians to evaluate patients with suspicious soft tissue masses. This study a...
Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare malignant tumors characterized by diagnostic complexity, low incidence, and frequent diagnostic delay. Primary care physicians are often the first professionals to assess patients with suspicious masses...
Background/Objectives: Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely overused in low back pain. We assessed the appropriateness of lumbar MRI requests against three international guidelines and two independent large language model (LLM)-based art...
Molecular pathology-driven oncologic diagnostics—genomic profiling, transcriptomics, proteomics, and, increasingly, artificial intelligence applied to tissue and liquid biopsy—can only be as accurate as the biospecimens on which they are...
Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) are increasingly diagnosed owing to the wide use of cross-sectional imaging techniques. Accurate identification of PCL categories is critical for determining the indications for surgical intervention or surveillance....
People who suffer from body integrity dysphoria (BID) feel a strong need to be disabled. The most common desire is for amputation or paralysis. Objectives: This study aims to gather the opinion of experts on which types of disabilities are included i...
Background/Objectives: Thyroid nodules are commonly observed in neck ultrasonography. Most nodules are benign; hence, several nodules require biopsy to accurately identify the malignant ones. Numerous risk classification guidelines have been develope...
of 61