We present a general theory of estimation of analysis error covariances based on cross-validation as well as a geometric interpretation of the method. In particular, we use the variance of passive observation-minus-analysis residuals and show that th...
Pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality remain high across the United States, with the majority of deaths being deemed preventable. Misdiagnosis and delay in diagnosis are thought to be significant contributors to preventable harm. These diagnostic...
Diagnostic error has recently become a crucial clinical problem and an area of intense research. However, the reality of diagnostic errors in regional hospitals remains unknown. This study aimed to clarify the reality of diagnostic errors in regional...
Interstitial lung diseases are respiratory diseases, which affect the normal lung parenchyma and can lead to significant pulmonary fibrosis, chronic respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, and ultimately death. Reuniting more than 200 entities,...
12 April 2022
This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify how cognitive biases and situational factors related to diagnostic errors among physicians. A self-reflection questionnaire survey on physicians’ most memorable diagnostic error cases was conducted at...
Yaw errors occur in wind turbines either during the installation stage or because of the aging of devices. It reduces the wind speed in the rotor axial direction and increases the structural loads in the lateral direction. Diagnosing yaw error rapidl...
Modern healthcare systems are increasingly organized according to diagnosis-specific clinical pathways and treatment protocols. At the same time, the number of patients with complex problems and needs that do not fit the single-diagnosis approach is...
Acute vertigo or dizziness is a frequent presentation to the emergency department (ED), making up between 2.1% and 4.4% of all consultations. Given the nature of the ED where the priority is triage, diagnostic delays and misdiagnoses are common, with...
No prediction models using use conventional logistic models and machine learning exist for medical litigation outcomes involving medical doctors. Using a logistic model and three machine learning models, such as decision tree, random forest, and ligh...
Diagnostic biomarkers are often measured with errors due to imperfect lab conditions or analytic variability of the assay. The ability of a diagnostic biomarker to discriminate between cases and controls is often measured by the area under the receiv...
Preventive strategies against diagnostic errors require the knowledge of underlying mechanisms. We examined the effects of a wrong a priori diagnosis on diagnostic accuracy of a focussed assessment in an acute myocardial infarction scenario. One-hund...
Introduction: Diagnostic accuracy is essential for good-quality medical practice, and yet diagnostic errors remain widespread, influencing patient outcomes, healthcare costs, and clinician confidence. “Misdiagnosis Tracker” aims to instil...
Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs), formerly referred to as primary immunodeficiencies (PID), represent a heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders that significantly increase patients’ susceptibility to severe and recurrent infections. Toll-li...
The operable state of a system is maintained during operation, which requires knowledge of the system’s state. Technical diagnostics, as a process of accurately obtaining information about the system state, becomes a crucial stage in the life c...
Synopsis: Corneal epithelial wavefront error and epithelial thickness variance qualify as highly sensitive and specific biomarkers for epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD). The biomarkers show a normalization after treatment of EBMD with pho...
Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is an essential tool for diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease. Pediatric echocardiography presents unique challenges including complex anatomy, variable patient cooperation and provider expertise....
Radiological interpretations, while essential, are not infallible and are best understood as expert opinions formed through the evaluation of available evidence. Acknowledging the inherent possibility of error is crucial, as it frames the discussion...
21 February 2021
Background: The efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven automated medical-history-taking systems with AI-driven differential-diagnosis lists on physicians’ diagnostic accuracy was shown. However, considering the negative effects of AI-driven...
This paper presents a novel cognitive diagnostic module which is incorporated in e-learning software for the tutoring of the markup language HTML. The system is responsible for detecting the learners’ cognitive bugs and delivering personalized guidan...
This paper investigates the features of using modified Hamming codes, which are also known as Hsiao codes. Self-checking digital devices are proposed to be implemented with calculations testing using two diagnostic signs. These signs indicate that th...
Mammography interpretation is challenging with high error rates. This study aims to reduce the errors in mammography reading by mapping diagnostic errors against global mammographic characteristics using a radiomics-based machine learning approach. A...
Identifying and classifying mathematical errors is crucial to improving the teaching and learning process, particularly for first-year engineering students who often struggle with foundational mathematical competencies. This study aims to select the...
23 May 2021
A diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) is expected to reduce diagnostic errors. However, its effect on physicians’ diagnostic decisions remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence of diagnoses from artificial intelligence (AI) in p...
Background and Objectives: General-purpose multimodal large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for medical image interpretation despite lacking clinical validation. This study evaluates the diagnostic reliability of ChatGPT-4o and Claude 2...
This article presents the selected results of analytical and structural work conducted at the Air Force Institute of Technology (pl. ITWL) in the field of building a measuring apparatus for non-invasive monitoring of the technical condition of aircra...
This article presents an evaluation of Prony method estimation and its implementation considerations for surge comparison test application in turn insulation diagnostics for three-phase stator windings. Surge testing diagnostics compares recorded sur...
Background: Intraoral radiography remains highly operator-dependent, with small deviations in beam angulation or receptor placement leading to geometric distortions, diagnostic inaccuracies, and repeated exposures. This pilot study introduces and eva...
In vaccine efficacy trials, inaccurate counting of infection cases leads to systematic under-estimation—or “dilution”—of vaccine efficacy. In particular, if a sufficient fraction of observed cases are false positives, apparent...
In the Tropical Regional Atmospherical Model System of South China of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA-TRAMS), the skin sea surface temperature (Ts) remains fixed during the forecast time. This limits the model’s performance in desc...
Medical errors have a huge impact on clinical practice in terms of economic and human costs. As a result, technology-based solutions, such as those grounded in artificial intelligence (AI) or collective intelligence (CI), have attracted increasing in...
Untargeted metabolomics may become a standard approach to address diagnostic requests, but, at present, data interpretation is very labor-intensive. To facilitate its implementation in metabolic diagnostic screening, we developed a method for automat...
In this issue of Clinical and Translational Neuroscience (CTN), a new section is introduced, which focuses on diagnostic errors in medicine, the circumstances under which they have arisen and—most importantly—how to avoid such errors in the future [...]
Objectives: A panoramic radiograph (PAN) is the most frequently diagnostic imaging technique carried out in dentistry and oral surgery. The correct performance of image acquisition is crucial to obtain adequate image quality. The aim of the present s...
This study analyses how the orientation of the measurement head in a magnetic diagnostic system affects the parameters of magnetic signals recorded during steel-cord conveyor belt inspection. The experiments were conducted on a laboratory test stand...
Background: Diagnostic errors constitute one of the reasons for the improper and often delayed treatment of mandibular fractures. The aim of this study was to present a series of cases involving undiagnosed concomitant secondary fractures in the mand...
Serial Dependence is a ubiquitous visual phenomenon in which sequentially viewed images appear more similar than they actually are, thus facilitating an efficient and stable perceptual experience in human observers. Although serial dependence is adap...
Diagnostic errors have been a critical concern in healthcare, leading to substantial financial burdens and serious threats to patient safety. The Improving Diagnosis in Health Care report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medici...
The current replication crisis relating to the non-replicability and the untrustworthiness of published empirical evidence is often viewed through the lens of the Positive Predictive Value (PPV) in the context of the Medical Diagnostic Screening (MDS...
Streptococcus pneumoniae contributes significantly to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs worldwide due to severe Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD), particularly among young children and vulnerable populations. This review critically examine...
Background: Advances in genomic technologies combined with tandem mass newborn screening have enabled early detection and management of several common inborn errors of metabolism. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency, an autosomal recessive treatab...
Biochemical phenotyping has been the milestone for diagnosing and managing patients affected by inborn errors of intermediary metabolism (IEiM); however, identifying the genotype responsible for these monogenic disorders greatly contributes to achiev...
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI), formerly known as primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs), are inherited disorders caused by damaging germline variants in single genes, which result in increased susceptibility to infections and in allergic, autoim...
Early diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM)—a large group of congenital disorders—is critical, given that many respond well to targeted therapy. Newborn screening programs successfully capture a proportion of patients enabling ea...
Background: Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are a heterogeneous group of genetically determined disorders that lead to immune dysfunction, recurrent infections, and organ-specific complications. The lungs are among the most commonly affected organs,...
Immune dysregulation is being increasingly recognized as a leading sign of a wide spectrum of inborn errors of immunity (IEIs). Therefore, patients with IEIs are frequently managed in non-immunological settings, including hematology and oncology unit...
Bayesian Conditional Probability (BayCoN) plots provide an empirical means to classify systematic errors in single-crystal diffraction experiments based on weighted residuals. Using a set of 314 structures from IUCrData, four recurring error types ar...
Improving diagnosis has been one of the most critical issues in medicine for the last two decades. In the context of the rise of digital health and its augmentation and human diagnostic thinking, it has become necessary to integrate the concept of di...
Histoplasmosis is often confused with other diseases leading to diagnostic delays. We estimated the incidence, length of, and risk factors for, diagnostic delays associated with histoplasmosis. Using data from IBM Marketscan, 2001–2017, we foun...
When making decisions under uncertainty, people in all walks of life, including highly trained medical professionals, tend to resort to using ‘mental shortcuts’, or heuristics. Anchoring-and-adjustment (AAA) is a well-known heuristic in w...
Studies that examine medical dispute cases (MDC) due to clinical reasoning (CR) are scarce in Taiwan. A retrospective analysis was undertaken to review MDC filed at four hospitals in Taiwan between 2011 and 2015. Cases were examined for the healthcar...
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