A microwave scattering model is a powerful tool for determining relationships between vegetation parameters and backscattering characteristics. The crown shape of the vegetation canopy is an important parameter in forestry and affects the microwave s...
This study addresses how site index may affect crown shape by developing a crown shape regression model for the planted L. kaempferi at high altitudes in the subtropical climate of China. A total of 9241 branches from 78 trees, including 39 dominant...
Crown shapes of common European urban tree species differ from tree species to tree species and are modified by the age of a tree and its local environment. A tree’s crown shape has a great influence on the crown volume and thus on the ecosystem serv...
In this paper, a crown-shaped trench gate formed by a sidewall spacer in insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) is proposed to improve breakdown voltage. When a sidewall spacer is added to trench bottom corners, the electric field is distributed t...
The present work analyzes the influence of crown shape on the distribution of stresses and deformation for rolling processes. This study consists of a Finite Element Analysis considering combinations of crown shape for Back Up Roll and Work Roll, rol...
Point cloud data obtained by laser scanning can be used for object shape modeling and analysis, including forest inventory. One of the inventory tasks is individual tree extraction and measurement. However, individual tree segmentation, especially tr...
Crown simulation based on basis spline (b-spline) interpolation is a compatible method to simulate tree polymorphism at present. However, there are two problems when it simulates the crown: the first problem is that the derivative value at the top po...
Individual tree species classification is of strategic importance for forest monitoring, analysis, and management, which are critical for sustainable forestry development. In this regard, the paper proposes a method based on the profile of segmented...
Crown profile models were developed for north, east, south, and west crown directions of dominant trees, intermediate trees, and suppressed trees in planted stands of Larix olgensis Henry in Northeast China. A total of 139 sample trees were randomly...
The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of different crown shapes and associated dental anomalies of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor (PMLI) and their impact on aesthetics and occlusion (function) in orthodontically treated patien...
Teeth are known to be reliable substrates for human identification and are endowed with significant sexual dimorphism not only in the size but also in the shape of the crowns. In the preliminary phase of our study (already published in 2021), a novel...
Growth is a component of forest dynamics that encompasses changes in species composition, interactions between species, and stand structure. We evaluated the effect of the presence of lianas, crown shape, and light exposure on the periodic annual inc...
In modern agricultural production, where a small number of commercial cultivars dominate, the collection, evaluation, and preservation of germplasm are important tasks to reduce the erosion of genes and preserve biodiversity. The aim of this study is...
Forest aboveground biomass (AGB) is an important indicator for characterizing forest ecosystem structures and functions. Therefore, how to effectively investigate forest AGB is a vital mission. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) has been demonstrated as a...
As a consequence of the action of waves on rubble mound breakwaters, there are loads—both on the vertical and horizontal sides of the crown walls—which modify the conditions of their stability. These loads provoke dynamic impulses that ge...
Unmanned aerial vehicle–light detection and ranging (UAV-LiDAR) provides a convenient and economical means of forest data acquisition that can penetrate canopy gaps to obtain abundant ground information, offering huge potential in forest invent...
The purpose of this review is to compare and contrast the various types of preformed crowns that can be used to restore the primary teeth in children. Historically, preformed crowns have been widely available for the past 50 years. The clinical perfo...
Research Highlights: We present statistical methods for using crown measurement data from multiple destructive sampling studies to model crown profiles in the Tree and Stand Simulator (TASS) and evaluate it using component (branch-level) and aggregat...
Dental crown marginal adaptation is a matter of the success of dental restoration treatment. Nowadays, there are many technological ways for crown manufacturing, such as tridimensional printing of an exactly desired shape through CAD-assisted systems...
As the three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner is widely used for forest inventory, analyzing and processing point cloud data captured with a 3D laser scanner have become an important research topic in recent years. The extraction of single trees from p...
The world’s big cities, including Budapest, are becoming more crowded, with more and more people living in smaller and smaller spaces. There is an increasing demand for more green space and trees, with less vertical and less horizontal space. I...
The larches of Kuzhanovo (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) are protected trees with a round crown growing in the Southern Urals. In 2020 vandals sawed the sapwood of these trees, which exposed the problem of insufficient conservation measures. Their origin and...
In current individual tree crown (ITC) delineation methods for high-resolution multispectral imagery, either a spectral band or a brightness component of the multispectral image is employed in delineation with reference to edges or shapes of crowns,...
As a key component of a drip irrigation system, the performance of drip irrigation emitters is determined by the flow channel structures and parameters. In this paper, a novel Y-shaped labyrinth-channel emitter was proposed, and the influence of the...
Crown architecture has long been evaluated for its impact on taper modeling. However, most of the research has focused on a limited number of crown dimensions. This study examined the effect of adding several crown dimensions in improving the diamete...
The roll deflection during hot rolling can result in uneven thickness distribution across the width of a plate (crown). A conventional rolling mill is equipped with bending systems that can control this convex shape of the plate. However, the determi...
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is an emerging thermoplastic polymer with good mechanical properties and an elastic modulus similar to that of alveolar bone. PEEK dental prostheses for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems...
The strip crown in hot rolling has the characteristics of multivariablity, strong coupling and, nonlinearity. It is difficult to describe accurately using a traditional mechanism model. In this paper, based on the industrial data of a hot continuous...
Although polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is becoming more widely used in dentistry applications, little is known about how aging will affect this material. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of an aging treatment on fracture charact...
The growth of a tree depends on the size, shape, and functioning of the crown. The length of the crown is a somewhat subjective value because the base of the crown is often difficult to determine. The aim of this study was to develop an allometric mo...
Region growing is frequently applied in automated individual tree crown delineation (ITCD) studies. Researchers have developed various rules for initial seed selection and stop criteria when applying the algorithm. However, research has rarely focuse...
In view of the problems of the violent crown fluctuation and unstable shape control in the endless rolling production line, the field measurement results show that the abnormal crown fluctuation is related to the shifting limit position of the work r...
Individual tree crown segmentation from Airborne Laser Scanning data is a nodal problem in forest remote sensing. Focusing on single layered spruce and fir dominated coniferous forests, this article addresses the problem of directly estimating 3D seg...
Introduction: The aim of the study is to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) crowns using the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) method and CAD/CAM milling. Materials and Methods: The research materials are abutment teeth an...
Evolutionary changes in vertebrates are linked to genetic alterations that often affect tooth crown shape, which is a criterion of speciation events. The Notch pathway is highly conserved between species and controls morphogenetic processes in most d...
The aim of this study was to find a suitable material combination to avoid cement excess in the marginal region of one-piece zirconia implant-supported restorations by means of a hybrid crown consisting of a meso- and a suprastructure. One-piece zirc...
In avian behavioural and spatial ecology, issues related to population density, territoriality, and philopatry are especially important. These are often interrelated. The aim of this study was to analyse these behaviours in shrikes inhabiting an acac...
Tropical forest canopies are comprised of tree crowns of multiple species varying in shape and height, and ground inventories do not usually reliably describe their structure. Airborne laser scanning data can be used to characterize these individual...
Both leaf area (LA) and leaf angle distribution are the most important eco-physiological measures of tree crowns. However, there are limited published investigations on the two parameters of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz...
Strip shape control is a hotspot and challenge in strip rolling, where the development trend of rolling technology is towards high strength, high toughness, and a large width-to-thickness ratio. The influence of material microstructure evolution on s...
(1) Background: Global warming has intensified dry heatwaves, threatening urban tree health and ecosystem services. Crown damage in trees is a key indicator of heat stress, linked to physiological changes and urban habitat characteristics, but the sp...
The material distribution inside tree crowns is difficult to quantify even though it is an important variable in forest management and ecology. The vertical distribution of a relative density index (i.e., vertical profile) of the total, woody, and le...
This paper experimentally explored the influence of the wave spectrum shape variation on breakwater design. The energy spectrum function generally considered for the design of coastal structures is the JONSWAP spectrum. The laboratory results were th...
Crown volume is an important tree factor used in forest surveys as a prerequisite for estimating biomass and carbon stocks. This study developed a method for accurately calculating the crown volume of individual trees from vehicle-borne laser scannin...
Reforestation in sloping terrain is an important measure for soil erosion control and sustainable watershed management. The mechanical stability of such reforested stands, however, can be low due to a strong asymmetric shape of tree crowns. We invest...
Despite the growing adoption of 3D-printed resin materials, limited evidence exists on how clinical procedures such as scaling impact their surface integrity. This in vitro study evaluated the effect of different scaling methods on the roughness of f...
Testate amoebae (TA) are important components of soil ecosystems, where they play an essential role in belowground food webs. In this study, we examined species composition, diversity, and structure of TA assemblages in soils beneath tree crowns (mic...
The fire-tolerant eucalypt forests of south eastern Australia are assumed to fully recover from even the most intense fires; however, surprisingly, very few studies have quantitatively assessed that recovery. The accurate assessment of horizontal and...
Precise estimates of dendrometric and morphometric variables are indispensable for effective forest resource conservation and sustainable utilization. This study focuses on modeling the relationships between shape (morphometric), dimension (dendromet...
Objective: This study aimed to assess the psychosocial impact of stainless steel crowns (SSCs) among primary school children in Dammam, Saudi Arabia, focusing on bullying experiences, child satisfaction, and parental perception. Methods: A cross-sect...
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