3,775 Results Found

The fundamentals of how protein–protein/RNA/DNA interactions influence the structures and functions of the workhorses from the cells have been well documented in the 20th century. A diverse set of methods exist to determine such interactions between...

The development of membrane materials with high transport and separation properties for the removal of higher hydrocarbons from gas mixtures is an important and complex task. This work examines the effect of a cross-linking agent on the structure and...

Proteins are important factors affecting the properties of natural rubber. Therefore, investigating the effect of free and bonded proteins on the structure and mechanical properties of the vulcanized crosslinking network of natural rubber would provi...

Gelatin is a collagen-derived biopolymer widely used in food, pharmaceutical and biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility and gelling ability. However, gelatin hydrogels suffer from unstable mechanical strength, limited thermal resistance...

We have studied the molecular properties of water in physically and chemically cross-linked gelatin hydrogels by FTIR-spectroscopy, NMR relaxation, and diffusivity and broadband dielectric spectroscopy, which are sensitive to dynamical properties of...

This article presents new composite materials with cross-linked structures based on grafted copolymers of collagen with acrylates, which were prepared under photocatalytic conditions using the complex oxide RbTe_1.5W_0.5O₆ and additional modifiers. Cro...

The objective of this study is to use wheat flour (WF) and hydroxymethyl melamine prepolymer (HMP) to develop a low cost, highly water-resistant, starch-based bio-adhesive for plywood fabrication. Three-layer plywood was fabricated using the resultan...

In this paper, we propose a method on improving direct current (DC) dielectric performance by designing a polystyrene (PS) pinning crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) for the application of insulation materials on high voltage direct current (HVDC) extru...

Chitosan hydrogels are biomaterials with excellent potential for biomedical applications. In this study, chitosan hydrogels were prepared at different concentrations and molecular weights by freeze-drying. The chitosan sponges were physically crossli...

The addition of intumescent flame retardant to PLA can greatly improve the flame retardancy of the material and inhibit the dripping, but the major drawback is the adverse impact of the mechanical properties of the material. In this study, we found t...

The 26S proteasome is a macromolecular complex that degrades proteins maintaining cell homeostasis; thus, determining its structure is a priority to understand its function. Although the 20S proteasome’s structure has been known for some years, the h...

Carbon–silica dual-phase filler (CSDPF)/natural rubber (NR) vulcanizate was prepared by mechanical blending, followed by a hot-press vulcanization. The dispersion of CSDPF in the NR matrix and the effects of CSDPF on the filler–rubber int...

This article presents the results of the cross-linking of oxidized flake graphene (GO) using hydrazine at room temperature. Conducting the process at temperatures up to 30 °C allowed to eliminate the phenomenon of thermal GO reduction to its non-...

Exploration of new ways for the direct preparation of cross-linked structures is a significant problem in terms of materials for biomedical applications, lithium batteries electrolytes, toughening of thermosets (epoxy, benzoxazine, etc.) with interpe...

Structural adhesives are bonding materials that can quickly join structures with components and repair cracks. However, thermosetting polyurethane structural adhesives suffer from disadvantages such as insufficient toughness, poor aging resistance, a...

Establishing the relationship among the composition, structure and property of the associated materials at the molecular level is of great significance to the rational design of high-performance electrical insulating Epoxy Resin (EP) and its composit...

Eco-friendly soybean protein adhesives could be an ideal substitute for replacing traditional formaldehyde-based adhesives in wood industry. However, a large number of cross-linking agents are required in soy protein adhesive formulations to obtain s...

The present work discusses the influence of the structural architecture of sodium alginate–co-acrylic acid–poly(ethylene) oxide hydrogels, crosslinked through electron beam (e-beam) radiation processing. The most important properties of t...

Polymers are widely used in various industries because of their characteristics such as elasticity, abrasion resistance, fatigue resistance and low temperature. In particular, the tensile characteristic of rubber composites is important for the stabi...

To enhance the stability of biomass gel foam used for inhibiting coal spontaneous combustion (CSC), a novel highly stable biomass gel foam (SA-Ca²⁺@TA-GF) based on a double cross-linked structure was prepared by introducing tannic acid (TA) into a ge...

In this work, high-performance pore-filled anion-exchange membranes (PFAEMs) with double cross-linking structures have been successfully developed for application to promising electrochemical energy conversion systems, such as alkaline direct liquid...

Understanding the interplay between the molecular structure of the ionic liquid (IL) subunit, the resulting nanostructure and ion transport in polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) is necessary for the realization of high-performance solid-state electroly...

It is generally believed that only intermolecular, elastically-effective crosslinks influence elastomer properties. The role of the intramolecular modifications of the polymer chains is marginalized. The aim of our study was the characterization of t...

Until now, Streptoverticillium mobaraense transglutaminase (TG) is the only commercialized TG, but limited information is known about its selection tendency on crosslinking sites at the protein level, restricting its application in the food industry....

Enzymatic cross-linking by microbial transglutaminase is a prominent approach to modify the structure and techno-functional properties of food proteins such as casein. However, some of the factors that influence structure-function-interrelations are...

To investigate the influence of the crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) structure on electrical performance, various analytical methods were employed to study polyethylene structures with different degrees of crosslinking. Dynamic rheological analysis wa...

In this study, we present a sponge-like lipophilic gel crosslinked with a branched crosslinker as an absorbent for VOC removal. The gel was synthesized by crosslinking the monomer 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) with the branched cros...

The cross-linking point of a conventional chemical cross-linking agent is fixed. Therefore, gels that are prepared with a conventional cross-linking agent have poor deformability, strength, shear resistance, and further properties. Some researchers h...

Chemical modification of soy protein, via crosslinking, is the preferred method for creating non-toxic, renewable, environmentally friendly wood adhesives. The denaturing process of protein is important for the adhesive performance improvement. In or...

This study presents the characterization of cross-linking parameters of a liquid crystalline epoxy monomer with an aromatic diamine as a curing agent. The mixture tested consisted of bis [4-(10,11-epoxyundecanoyloxy)benzoate] p-phenylene (LCEM) and 1...

In this study, an egg white dual cross-linked hydrogel was developed based on the principle that the external stimulus can denature proteins and cause them to aggregate, forming hydrogel. The sodium hydroxide was used to induce gelation of the egg wh...

To understand the enzymatic degradation behavior of crosslinked polylactide (PLA), the preparation and enzymatic degradation of both thermoplastic (linear) and crosslinked PLAs that have pore structures with different dimensions were carried out. The...

The number of cross-links in the non-linear polyurethane structure is the basic factor affecting its properties. Selected properties of aliphatic polyurethanes with soft segments made of different amounts of polycaprolactonetriol, polycaprolactonedio...

(1) Background: Injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal fillers are used to restore volume, hydration and skin tone in aesthetic medicine. HA fillers differ from each other due to their cross-linking technologies, with the aim to increase mechanical a...

Increasing of rubber content in isotactic polypropylene/ethylene–propylene rubber (iPP/EPR) alloys can extend the applications of this kind of polyolefin. The EPR content and phase structure of isotactic polypropylene multicomponents have great...

We investigate the effect of intra-molecular cross-links on the properties of polymer bulks. To do this, we apply a combination of thermal, rheological, diffraction, and neutron spin echo experiments covering the inter-molecular as well as the interm...

(1) Background: Injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal fillers are used in several chirurgical practices and in aesthetic medicine. HA filler stability can be enhanced through different cross-linking technologies; one of the most frequently cross-lin...

The natural nacre has a regular ordered layered structure of calcium carbonate tablets and ion crosslinking proteins stacked alternately, showing outstanding mechanical properties. Inspired by nacre, we fabricated different divalent metal cation-cros...

Crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) is an important polyethylene modification material which is widely used in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was used as a matrix to improve the thermal and electr...

Phenolic acids have a positive effect on the processing quality of myofibrillar protein (MP) gels. However, in this study, the addition of ferulic acid (FA) did not have a positive effect on MP gels. To address this issue, we performed the addition a...

Dehydrothermal (DHT) treatment was used to improve the properties of collagen casings because of its non-cytotoxicity. Understanding the effects of DHT treatment on the structure and mechanical properties of collagen films is beneficial to developing...

Herein, we report a study that provides new insight on the knowledge gaps that relate to the role of biopolymer structure and adsorption properties for chitosan adsorbents that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. The systematic modification of chit...

Soybean meal-based adhesives are attractive potential environmentally friendly replacements for formaldehyde-based adhesives. However, the low strength and poor water resistance of soybean meal-based adhesives limit their practical application. This...

The crosslinking behavior of polyethylene (PE) determines its exceptional performance and application. In this study, we investigated the crosslinking behaviors of different PE resins through model simulation and rheological methods. Specifically, th...

To improve the salt resistance of superabsorbent materials and the gel strength of superabsorbent materials after water absorption, a bagasse cellulose-based network structure composite superabsorbent (CAAMC) was prepared via graft copolymerization o...

Material characterization by the determination of relationships between structure and properties at different scales is essential for contemporary material engineering. This review article provides a summary of such studies on dimethacrylate polymer...

The mechanical properties of HTPE binders have been systemically studied through combining the microstructure molecular simulations with macroscopic experiments. In this study, the crosslinking structures of HTPE binders were established by a computa...

The mechanical properties of HTPE/PEG interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) binders were systemically studied with molecular dynamics (MDs) simulations and experiments. In this study, an algorithm was used to construct the crosslinking interpenetrat...

Alginate-based hydrogels are promising smart materials widely employed in the food, bioengineering, and energy sectors. The development and optimization of their production require a thorough knowledge of gelation. In recent years, advanced experimen...

This paper examines the influence of the morphology of zinc oxide nanoparticles (n-ZnO) on the activation energy, vulcanization parameters, crosslink density, crosslink structure, and mechanical properties in the extension of the sulfur vulcanizates...