Power generation is an important part of air vehicle energy management when developing long-endurance and reusable hypersonic aircraft. In order to utilize an air turbine power generation system on board, fuel-based rotating cooling has been research...
Despite the existing knowledge concerning the hydrodynamic processes at river junctions, there is still a lack of information regarding the particular case of low width and discharge ratios, which are the typical conditions of mountain river confluen...
The purpose of this paper is to develop design guidelines for flood control channel height in the vicinity of the confluence of a submerged drainage pipe and a flood control channel. The water exchange in the confluence of an open channel with a late...
Despite the ratio of incoming discharges being recognized as a key parameter in open-channel confluence hydrodynamics, little is known about the flow patterns when the tributary provides more than 90% of the total discharge. This paper offers a syste...
River channel confluences are rather important interfaces where intense changes in physical, mixing and sediment transport processes occur. Following an experimental campaign, the main flow mechanisms in confluences and the development of the shear l...
River confluences are the key features of the drainage basins, as their hydrological, geomorphological, and ecological nature strongly influences the downstream river characteristics. The river reaches near the coastal zones, which also makes them un...
Understanding mixing behavior at river confluences is essential for effective watershed management in response to increasing environmental issues such as algal blooms and chemical pollution. This study focused on the confluence of the Nakdong and Geu...
A laboratory measurement with acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) was used to investigate the flow through a Y-shaped confluence channel partially covered with rigid vegetation on its inner bank. In this study, the flow velocities in cases with and wi...
The effects of partially emergent rigid vegetation on the hydrodynamics of a curved open-channel confluence flow were simulated using OpenFOAM. The numerical model using the Volume of Fluid method and the RNG k-ε turbulence model in the Reyno...
River confluences are a common feature in natural water resources. The flow characteristics in confluences are complicated, especially at junction areas between tributaries and the main river. One of the typical characteristics of confluences is seco...
16 February 2019
River channel confluences are widespread in natural rivers. Understanding their unique hydrodynamic characteristics and contaminant transport rules may facilitate the rational and effective treatment of the water environment. In this study, we consid...
Channel confluences happen commonly in water transport networks and natural rivers. Utilizing a 3D CFD code, a series of numerical simulations were performed using a large eddy simulation turbulence model to investigate the effect of the variations i...
The fluid dynamics of channel confluences are highly complex due to flow separation and secondary currents. Although numerous studies in the past few decades have focused on the numerical simulation of confluence flow, deformed beds were rarely used....
River bends and confluences are critical features in fluvial environments where complex flow patterns, including secondary currents, turbulence, and surface changes, strongly influence sediment transport, river morphology, and water quality. The accu...
The confluences of rivers are important nodes for energy conversion and material transport in the river network. A slight morphological alteration of the confluences may trigger the “butterfly effect”, which will bring about changes in the ecology an...
Channel confluences are of the common structures in fluid transport channels. In this study, a series of numerical simulations were performed, utilizing a 3D code to investigate the reaction of the flow parameters and vortical structure to the variat...
Confluences are nodes in riverine networks characterized by complex three-dimensional changes in flow hydrodynamics and riverbed morphology, and are valued for important ecological functions. This physical complexity is often investigated within the...
A confluence is a natural component in river and channel networks. This study deals, through field and numerical studies, with alluvial behaviors of a confluence affected by both river run-off and strong tides. Field measurements were conducted along...
Remarkable 3D flow structures occur at river confluences with small density differences due to differences in sediment concentration or temperature. We explain these by comparing numerical simulations for an idealized confluence with aerial photograp...
The radius-to-width ratio has an obvious impact on the flow structure within curved channels, which most natural rivers possess, but there are currently few studies on the influence of the radius-to-width ratio of a tributary (R/B) on the hydrodynami...
River confluences are dynamic zones where hydrodynamic interactions between tributary flows—varying in velocity, direction, and sediment concentration—can significantly alter hydro morphology. These changes feature substantial consequence...
Confluences are a common feature of riverine systems; the area of converging flow streamlines and potential mixing of separate flows. The hydrodynamics about confluences have a highly complex three-dimensional flow structure. This paper presents the...
This study investigates the dynamic response mechanisms of discharge capacity in the Han River Estuary to hydrological process changes at the Yangtze–Han River confluence. By constructing a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the 265 km Xing...
The T-type tee is a crucial part of liquid distribution systems and is widely used in irrigation, drainage, water delivery, and agricultural fertilizer injection, among other areas. Confluence angle, pipe diameter ratio, and flow rate ratio have been...
The geometry of non-pressurized tunnel intersections governs the hydraulic behavior of the confluence flows, which are critical to the safe operation of pumped storage power stations. To address the issue of water surface levels exceeding the permiss...
The flow characteristics at the tributary entrance are crucial for ensuring safe navigation where the main channel and tributary converge. Along the inter-basin canal, numerous tributaries feature large confluence angles and significant flow discharg...
The role of confluence (flowability) in shaping the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and pH was determined using a model approach. The calculations considered both horizontal and vertical variability of parameters. There...
The impact of secondary flows on the flow velocity in open channel bends and confluences was simulated using three-dimensional (3D) numerical models. The Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equation system was utilized as the governing equations an...
Debris flow injections from tributaries into a main mountain stream generate deposits of sediments which, in turn, result in obstruction and eventual damming of the river section. This contribution presents the results of a series of flume experiment...
A rapid downstream weakening of the processes that drive the intensity of transverse mixing at the confluence of large rivers has been identified in the literature and attributed to the progressive reduction in channel scale secondary circulation and...
9 November 2019
The flood propagation at a confluence of channels exhibits a unique routing pattern, while there are few studies on the routing of dam-break flow in confluent channels. In this study, we conducted physical experiments and a numerical simulation to in...
Controlling the flow and bed morphology in a river confluence is important in training and navigation works. The flow in river confluence is highly complex due to crucial and rapid changes associated with flow dynamics, sediment transport, and geomor...
Confluences are key morphological nodes in braided rivers where flow converges, creating complex flow patterns and rapid bed deformation. Field surveys and laboratory experiments have been carried out to investigate the morphodynamic features in indi...
Compared with T- and Y-shaped confluence pipelines, arc confluence pipelines have a smaller energy loss coefficient. In the study presented herein, numerical simulation analyses of the flow fields of T-shaped, Y-shaped, bifurcated, and arc confluence...
Forest roads significantly affect sediment connectivity in mountainous catchments by contributing to the production of and disturbing the confluence of sediment-loaded runoff. This study considered forest roads as pathways and sinks of sediment-loade...
River confluences are important nodes for downstream sediment transport and geomorphological development. Previous studies have established the knowledge that under natural conditions, river confluence zones experience channel scour followed with mid...
Confluences are common components of all riverine systems, characterized by converging flow streamlines and the mixing of separate flows. The fluid dynamics of confluences possesses a highly complex structure with several common types of flow feature...
4 February 2023
This study aims to analyze the influences of momentum ratio (Mr) and confluence angle (α) on the transverse dispersion in an urban scale confluence channel from the numerical simulation results using the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code model....
It is challenging to investigate the transport and dispersion of contaminants in river confluence areas due to the complex flow dynamics. In recent studies on the flow dynamics in river confluence areas, it has been revealed that changes in inflow co...
Downstream of the confluence of rivers, complex hydrological and morphological processes control the flow and sediment transport. This study aimed to analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics of suspended sediment in the confluence area of the Tisza and i...
The occurrence and the effects of hydraulic jump instabilities on a natural river confluence in a small river basin in Liguria (Italy) is here investigated. Hydraulic jump instability has been extensively studied in controlled and simplified laborato...
3 November 2022
The hydrodynamics of a river confluence generate significant vertical, lateral, and stream-wise gradients in the context of velocity, thereby forming a highly complex three-dimensional flow structure, including the development of large-scale turbulen...
Bedload transport in a river is a deeply analyzed problem, with many methodologies available in the literature. However, most of the existing methods were developed for reaches of rivers rather than for confluences and are suitable for a particular t...
(1) This paper selects the modern delta formed by the Ganjiang tributary in Poyang Lake. By performing high density statistical analysis of distribution channel parameters in the area using satellite images and geographic information processing softw...
Hydrodynamic zones of river confluences are remarkable not only for the turbulent mixing induced by the shear layer at the center of the mixing interface but also for the lateral momentum fluxes associated with channel topography. Detailed characteri...
Asymmetrical river confluence zones play a critical role in water quality protection and remediation. This study develops a three-dimensional numerical model to simulate the hydraulic characteristics and contaminant dispersion processes within river...
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is an environmental concern characterized by low pH and high concentrations of dissolved metals and sulfate. Yerba Loca Creek in Santiago, Chile, is an AMD-affected water stream that originates in a glacier and, therefore, ha...
Multistage pumps with blade-type guide vanes are widely used in offshore oil production, the petrochemical and coal-chemical industries, and nuclear power fields for its advantages of large flow rate, high pressure, and excellent operation stability....
The work aims to numerically evaluate different injection configurations for the analysis of a two-phase flow behavior and evolution through a staggered Y-junction pipeline. To minimize agglomeration between inlets, the injection zones have a separat...
The movement of water flow usually has history and path dependence. Fractional calculus is very suitable for describing the process with memory and hereditary properties. In this study, the order of the differential equation in the Nash confluence sy...
of 3