3,349 Results Found

Ionizing radiation delivers sufficient energy inside the human body to create ions, which kills cancerous tissues either by damaging the DNA directly or by creating charged particles that can damage the DNA. Recent magnetic resonance (MR)-based condu...

An electrocorticogram (ECoG) is the electrical activity obtainable from the cerebral cortex and an informative source with considerable potential for future advanced applications in various brain-interfacing technologies. Considerable effort has been...

Stroke is a medical condition that affects the brain and represents a leading cause of death and disability. Associated with drug therapy, rehabilitative treatment is essential for promoting recovery. In the present work, we report an EEG-based study...

Previous imaging studies have shown the morphological malformation and the alterations of ionic mobility, water contents, electrical properties, or metabolites in seizure brains. Magnetic resonance electrical properties tomography (MREPT) is a recent...

Radiation-induced injury is damage to normal tissues caused by unintentional exposure to ionizing radiation. Image-based evaluation of tissue damage by irradiation has an advantage for the early assessment of therapeutic effects by providing sensitiv...

There is evidence that Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) produces health benefits in patients even before initiating stimulation. Furthermore, DBS electrode insertion in rat infralimbic cortex (ILC) provokes antidepressant-like effects before stimulation,...

In the study of brain connectivity, an accessible and convenient way to unveil local functional structures is to infer the time trace of synaptic conductances received by a neuron by using exclusively information about its membrane potential (or volt...

Background: Pain assessment is a challenge in critically ill patients, in particular those who are unable to express movements in reaction to noxious stimuli. The purpose of the study was to compare the pupillary response and skin conductance to pain...

Conduction aphasia is a language disorder occurred after a left-brain injury. It is characterized by fluent speech production, reading, writing and normal comprehension, while speech repetition is impaired. The aim of this study is to investigate the...

Human tissues own conductive properties, and the electrical activity produced by human organs can propagate throughout the body due to neuro transmitters and electrolytes. Therefore, it might be reasonable to hypothesize correlations and similarities...

Conventional electrical circuits are generally rigid in their components and working styles, which are not flexible and stretchable. As an alternative, liquid-metal-based soft electronics offer important opportunities for innovation in modern bioelec...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects over 55 million individuals worldwide, yet no transformative disease-modifying therapies exist. Mathematical modelling provides a powerful framework to elucidate complex disease mechanisms, predict therapeutic o...

Nociceptive information is transmitted by action potentials (APs) through primary afferent neurons from the periphery to the central nervous system. Voltage-gated Na⁺ channels are involved in this AP production, while transient receptor potential (TR...

Nowadays, fostered by technological progress and contextual circumstances such as the economic crisis and pandemic restrictions, remote education is experiencing growing deployment. However, this growth has generated widespread doubts about the actua...

Soft tissue conduction is a mode of hearing which differs from air and bone conduction since the soft tissues of the body convey the audio-frequency vibrations to the ear. It is elicited by inducing soft tissue vibrations with an external vibrator ap...

Although the power of low-frequency oscillatory field potentials (FP) has been extensively applied previously, few studies have investigated the influence of conducting direction of deep-brain rhythm generator on the power distribution of low-frequen...

In the present study, we investigated the effects of a four-week working memory (WM) and attention training program using commercial brain training (Synaptikon GmbH, Berlin). Sixty young healthy adults were assigned to the experimental and active con...

The sensing/adapting/responding, multifunctionality, low energy, small size and weight, ease of forming, and low-cost attributes of SMART textiles and their multidisciplinary scope offer numerous end uses in medical, sports and fitness, military, fas...

Fish oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and essential for neuronal myelination and maturation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of a mixed-lipid emulsion composed of soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive oil, and fish...

Background/Objectives: This study presents a time-dependent mathematical model that describes how progressive amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation drives the gradual decline of cerebral electrical conductivity during Alzheimer’s disease (AD)....

Astrocytes, the most abundant cell type in the brain, are non-excitable cells and play critical roles in brain function. Mature astrocytes typically exhibit a linear current–voltage relationship termed passive conductance, which is believed to...

Several recent studies have reported improved histological and electrophysiological outcomes with soft neural interfaces that have elastic moduli ranging from 10 s of kPa to hundreds of MPa. However, many of these soft interfaces use custom fabricati...

Recent advances in brain mapping tools have enabled the study of brain activity during functional tasks, revealing neuroplasticity after early brain injuries and resulting from rehabilitation. Understanding the neural correlates of mobility limitatio...

Thanks to the availability of connectome data that map connectivity between multiple brain areas, it is now possible to build models of whole-brain activity. At the same time, advances in mean-field techniques have led to biologically based populatio...

Breast cancer is the second most common cause of brain metastases and deserves particular attention in relation to current prolonged survival of patients with metastatic disease. Advances in both systemic therapies and brain local treatments (surgery...

The majority of observations and criteria related to brain injuries predominantly focus on acceleration and forces, leaving the understanding of the brain in the frequency domain relatively limited. The impact of an injury can be more profound when c...

Implantable nerve electrodes, as a bridge between the brain and external devices, have been widely used in areas such as brain function exploration, neurological disease treatment and human–computer interaction. However, the mechanical properties mis...

This review summarizes the protective effects of probiotics against Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders affecting older adults. This disease is characterized by the deposition of tau and amyloid β p...

Mature astrocytes are characterized by a K⁺ conductance (passive conductance) that changes with a constant slope with voltage, which is involved in K⁺ homeostasis in the brain. Recently, we reported that the tandem of pore domains in a weak inward re...

Brain fog is a condition that is characterized by poor concentration, memory loss, decreased cognitive function, and mental fatigue. Although it is generally known as a long-term COVID-19 symptom, brain fog has also been reported to be caused by many...

The accumulating evidence linking bacteria in the gut and neurons in the brain (the microbiota–gut–brain axis) has led to a paradigm shift in the neurosciences. Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms supporting the relevance of actions mediated...

Our daily lives are filled with rhythmic movements, such as walking, sports, and dancing, but the mechanisms by which the brain controls rhythmic movements are poorly understood. In this review, we examine the literature on neuropsychological studies...

Background/Objectives: The early detection of individuals at risk of cognitive impairment is a clinical imperative. With the recent advancement of digital devices, smartphone application-based cognitive assessment is considered a promising tool for c...

Brain histamine is a neurotransmitter and regulates diverse physiological functions. Previous studies have shown the involvement of histamine depletion in several neurological disorders, indicating the importance of drug development targeting the bra...

(1) Background: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is an important complication of decompensated cirrhosis. Previous studies have demonstrated spontaneous brain activity alterations in cirrhotic patients with MHE. However, the reported results are...

Under normal physiological conditions the brain primarily utilizes glucose for ATP generation. However, in situations where glucose is sparse, e.g., during prolonged fasting, ketone bodies become an important energy source for the brain. The brain&rs...

Temporal interference magnetic stimulation is a novel noninvasive deep brain neuromodulation technology that can solve the problem of balance between focus area and stimulation depth. However, at present, the stimulation target of this technology is...

Nasal administration is a non-invasive method of drug delivery that offers several advantages, including rapid onset of action, ease of use, no first-pass effect, and fewer side effects. On this basis, nose-to-brain delivery technology offers a new m...

HER2 is overexpressed in 25–30% of breast cancers, and approximately 30% of HER2-positive breast cancers metastasize to the brain. Although the incidence of brain metastasis in HER2-positive breast cancer is high, previous studies have been mai...

Objectives: The brain network serves as a reliable tool for diagnosing neurological disorders. However, the current modeling algorithms for brain networks often rely on several assumptions regarding the interactions between brain regions, which can b...

Melanoma can frequently metastasize to the brain with severe consequences. However, variation of melanoma brain metastases (MBM) development among populations is not well studied, and underlying mechanisms and risk factors for MBM development are not...

The goal of this study was to test a novel approach (iCanClean) to remove non-brain sources from scalp EEG data recorded in mobile conditions. We created an electrically conductive phantom head with 10 brain sources, 10 contaminating sources, scalp,...

Sulfasalazine (SAS), an anti-inflammatory drug with potent cysteine/glutamate antiporter system xc-(SXC) inhibition has recently shown beneficial effects in brain-related diseases. Despite many reports related to central nervous system (CNS) effect o...

It has been well established in epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials that habitual exercise is beneficial for brain health, such as cognition and mental health. Generally, it may be reasonable to say that the physiological benefit...

To understand human emotional states, local activities in various regions of the cerebral cortex and the interactions among different brain regions must be considered. This paper proposes a hierarchical emotional context feature learning model that i...

Since the delivery of biologic drugs to the brain is greatly hampered by the existence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), brain shuttles are being developed to enhance therapeutic efficacy. As we have previously shown, efficient and selective br...

The treatment of neoplastic disease of the brain is still a challenge for modern medicine. Therefore, advanced methodologies are needed that can rationally and successfully contribute to the early diagnosis of primary and metastatic tumors growing wi...

Background/Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gut–brain disorder characterized by abdominal pain, altered bowel habits, and psychological distress. While brain–gut interactions are recognized in IBS pathophysiology, the relat...

Networks in the human brain are extremely complex and sophisticated. The abstract model of the human brain has been used in software development, specifically in artificial intelligence. Despite the remarkable outcomes achieved using artificial intel...

The paucity of studies available in the literature on brain tumors demonstrates that liquid biopsy (LB) is not currently applied for central nervous system (CNS) cancers. The purpose of this systematic review focused on the application of machine lea...