1,776 Results Found

Sagami Bay is an active tectonic area in Japan. In 1993, a real-time deep sea floor observatory was deployed at 1,175 m depth about 7 km off Hatsushima Island, Sagami Bay to monitor seismic activities and other geophysical phenomena. Video cameras mo...

Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from bottom-up inventories have high uncertainties due to the usage of proxy data in creating these inventories. To evaluate bottom-up inventories, satellite observations of atmospheric CO2 with continuous...

Previous studies on the polarization imaging of underwater targets mainly focused on top-down detection; however, the capacities of bottom-up detection were poorly known. Based on in situ experiments, the capability of bottom-up detection of underwat...

The Sensor Web is a growing phenomenon where an increasing number of sensors are collecting data in the physical world, to be made available over the Internet. To help realize the Sensor Web, the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) has developed open st...

This paper reports the interference pattern of an acoustic field in the 100–300 Hz frequency band observed in a shallow water experiment. Assuming there is a conventional fluid sea bottom, the observed interference pattern is first demonstrated...

The key area of the Arctic Ocean for atmospheric venting of CH4 is the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS). Leakage of methane through shallow ESAS waters needs to be considered in interactions between the biogeosphere and a warming Arctic climate. The...

By rotary empirical orthogonal function and coastal-trapped wave mode analyses, we analyzed current velocity data, collected from 2001 to 2016. The data were obtained by an acoustic Doppler current profiler, deployed upward at a location of 41°39...

Air entrainment at the intake of a bottom outlet often gives rise to air pockets in its conduit and formation of geysers. The outlet in question comprises a bulkhead gate, gate shaft, horizontal conduit, and exit. Operations show that it suffers from...

Chute aerators introduce a large air discharge through air supply ducts to prevent cavitation erosion on spillways. There is not much information on the microcosmic air bubble characteristics near the chute bottom. This study was focused on examining...

An undulating bottom in shallow water has a significant effect on sound propagation. An acoustic propagation experiment was carried out in the East China Sea in 2020. Measurements along two separate propagation tracks with flat and undulating bottoms...

Lake Jasne, also known as Lake Czyste, is a well-known oligo-mesotrophic water body located in the Iława Lake District, Poland. Between May 2009 and June 2010 ciliate biomass and community composition were studied on the basis of Lugol-fixed samples...

Studies of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the bottom sediments of three Pomeranian lakes in Poland: Łazienkowskie, Rychnowskie, and Jeleń were conducted. All three lakes are subject to anthropogenic pressure but to varying d...

The physical processes governing coastal exchange between the surf zone, the inner shelf, and the open ocean is critical for estimating mass exchange and its impact on ecological processes. The present study combined field measurements and theoretica...

Monitoring bottom dissolved oxygen (DO) is crucial for understanding hypoxia, a threat to marine ecosystems and fisheries. However, traditional observations are limited in spatiotemporal coverage, while numerical models consume tremendous computing r...

This study investigates the dynamic response characteristics of the tunnel bottom structure, focusing on a heavy-haul railway tunnel. To assess the condition of the tunnel bottom, geological radar and drilling core techniques were employed, along wit...

We conducted a citizen science survey on the winter honey bee colony losses in Poland from 2017/18 to 2019/20 to determine the influence of the use of screened bottom boards on the winter colony losses due to various causes. A total of 1035 beekeeper...

Field pavement transverse cracking typically can be grouped into two categories, namely thermal cracking that initiates at the surface of the pavement and propagates downward, and reflective cracking that initiates at the pavement layer above the exi...

Submitting national inventory reports (NIRs) on emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is obligatory for parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The NIR forms the basis for monitoring individual countries’ progres...

Supercritical hydraulically controlled overflow of Antarctic Bottom Water from the Weddell Sea has been observed in the Orkney Passage during field measurements in February 2022. The Orkney Passage is the main pathway for the densest layer of Antarct...

Anthropogenic pollutants that accumulate in bottom sediments may pose a serious threat to the aquatic environment and humans. The aim of the study was to determine the ecological risk related to the contamination of sediment with heavy metals and the...

In these proceedings, we present measurements of open bottom hadron production through multiple decay channels in Au + Au collisions at s NN = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment. Specifically, measurements of nuclear modification factors for...

Laser scanning has become a popular technology for monitoring structural deformation due to its ability to rapidly obtain 3D point clouds that provide detailed information about structures. In this study, the deformation of a complex steel frame stru...

The dissipation of the kinetic energy (KE) associated with oceanic flows is believed to occur primarily in the oceanic bottom boundary layer (BBL), where bottom drag converts the KE from mean flows to heat loss through irreversible mixing at molecula...

Most ocean color algorithms are designed for optically deep waters, where the seafloor has little or no effect on remote sensing reflectance. This can lead to inaccurate retrievals of inherent optical properties (IOPs) in optically shallow water envi...

Lagoon soft-bottoms are key habitats within coral reef seascapes. Coral reef fish use these habitats as nurseries, feeding grounds and transit areas. At present, most soft-bottom sampling methods are destructive (trawling, longlining, hook and line)....

In this study, carbon dots are synthesized hydrothermally from loblolly pine using top-down and bottom-up processes. The bottom-up process dialyzed carbon dots from hydrothermally treated process liquid. Meanwhile, hydrochar was oxidized into carbon...

The mixing of liquid–solid systems still poses a challenge in modern engineering. Numerical models often struggle to reliably describe the complex hydrodynamics in many aspects, such as the fundamental drag force model. In this article, an esta...

Bottom trawling is a common fishing method that targets bottom-dwelling fisheries resources. It is non-selective and large amounts of by-catch are discarded, raising serious sustainability and ecosystem conservation concerns. In this study, a shallow...

Entrepreneurial behavior research has widened its scope to focus on founders who engage in creating enterprises for both their economic self-interest and their concern for others. Yet, there is a lack of an empirically grounded understanding of the s...

In this work, recessed gate AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) with double AlGaN barrier designs are fabricated and investigated. Two different recessed depths are designed, leading to a 5 nm and a...

Bottom-blowing copper smelting is a bath smelting technology recently developed in China. It has the advantages of good adaptability of raw materials, high oxygen utilization and thermal efficiency, and flexible production capacity. Plume eye is a un...

The co-combustion of dry coal and sludge was carried out in a self-built laboratory scale fluidized bed furnace. We used FTIR spectroscopy, high-resolution gas chromatography, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and XRF to capture and dynamically obse...

Long-term, continuous in-situ observation of seabed deformation plays an important role in studying the mechanisms of sand wave migration and engineering early warning methods. Research on pressure sensing techniques has examined the possibility of u...

In the Pikes Peak oil field near Lloydminster, Canada, a significant amount of heavy oil reserves is located in reservoirs with a bottom water zone. The properties of the bottom water zone and the operation parameters significantly affect oil product...

Viral dynamics are the result of the balance between the rates of viral production and decay. Here, we have carried out independent measurements of viral production and decay rates in different depths of the southern East China Sea in summer (August...

The performance of stormwater infiltration systems depends significantly on the infiltration/filtration characteristics of filter media. Sand media have been frequently used due to their abundance and acceptable pollutant removal efficiency. Bottom a...

This research work focuses on the study of the durability of composite cements based on coal bottom ash powder produced by SONICHAR in Niger. After a physicochemical and environmental characterization of the coal bottom ash powder, mortar test specim...

Hyperhydricity is characterized by morphological abnormalities and reduced plant vigour. This study investigated the use of a bottom cooling system (creating an approximate 2 °C temperature differential) during culture initiation to evaluate the...

We estimated surface salinity flux and solar penetration from satellite data, and performed model simulations to examine the impact of including the satellite estimates on temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen distributions on the Louisiana con...

In previous research simulating steelmaking ladles using cold water models, the dosage/volume of the salt tracer solution is one of the factors that has been overlooked by researchers to a certain extent. Previous studies have demonstrated that salt...

With the consumption of terrestrial metal resources, deep-sea polymetallic nodule minerals have been widely exploited around the world. Therefore, the environmental impact of deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining cannot be ignored. In this study, for t...

Dam reliability analysis is performed to determine the structural integrity of dams and, hence, to prevent dam failure. The Chenderoh Dam structure is divided into five parts: the left bank, right bank, spillway, intake section, and bottom outlet, wi...

Ice melting plays a crucial role in ocean circulation and global climate. Laboratory experiments were used to study the dynamic mechanisms of the influence of waves and currents on ice melting. The results showed that under near stable air temperatur...

The spatial-temporal structures of bottom reverberation are associated with seafloor features. In a bistatic bottom reverberation experiment involving a vertical transmitting array and a towed horizontal receiving array, stable stripe structures were...

The geometry of the ladle bottom and the position of stirring paddles during hot metal stirring significantly influence hydrodynamic characteristics, thereby affecting desulfurization efficiency. Water model experiments and hydrodynamic simulations w...

This study innovatively proposes a pipeline-type pneumatic lift sediment removal device for cleaning pollutants at the bottom of fish breeding tanks and conducts hydrodynamic characteristic analysis on its core component, the pneumatic lift pipeline...

To investigate the evolution characteristics of overlying rock fractures, based on a geological prototype of a large-height comprehensive mining face in Shanxi, a three-dimensional large-scale physical similarity model was established. The experiment...

Anomalous eutectic morphologies were observed during laser remelting of a Ni-Sn powder bed, where it was sandwiched between a lamellar eutectic at the bottom of melt pool. That is, the anomalous eutectic growth mechanism can be divided into two proce...

In the present study, the effect of an undulated bottom topography on the radiation of water waves by a floating rectangular buoy is analyzed. Various physical quantities of interest such as the added mass and damping coefficients associated with the...

Additive parts made of 2205 duplex stainless steel were fabricated by cold metal transfer (CMT) wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), and their microstructure and properties were systematically studied. The X-ray diffraction results show that a...