Early adolescence represents a critical period for moral development, in the investigation of which adolescents’ perspectives are underrepresented. This study addresses the question “What are the differences by sex and age groups regardin...
13 January 2021
Team sports are in continuous evolution, and physical performance is acquiring greater importance in the game. The assessment of physical fitness is the most reliable method for knowing if the athlete’s physical fitness is appropriate. Therefor...
Objectives: Little is known about the impact of patient age and biological sex on immune responses to melanoma vaccines, especially CD4+ T cell immune responses to peptides presented by Class II MHC molecules. Methods: We assessed the impact of age a...
Sustained attention is a critical cognitive function, especially in contexts such as driving safety, where performance deterioration due to fatigue or drowsiness can have serious consequences. Although individual differences in sustained attention ha...
Background: In transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), the injected current becomes distributed across the brain areas. The objective is to stimulate the target region of interest (ROI) while minimizing the current in non-target ROIs (the ‘fo...
We present a comprehensive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and recovery using wild type C57BL/6 mice and a mouse-adapted virus, and we demonstrate that this is an ideal model of infection and recovery that phenocopies acute human disease arising fro...
Purpose: It is well established that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the incidence of depressive symptoms in the general population. So far, there are no studies analyzing how this pandemic has affected the prescription of antidepressants. Method...
26 December 2019
The frequency of use of emergency telephone consultation (ETC) services, which is a telephone triage system in Japan, was explored to determine age- and sex-related trends on symptoms/events among Japanese adults. Data were obtained from records of t...
A remarkable feature of the brain is its sexual dimorphism. Sexual dimorphism in brain structure and function is associated with clinical implications documented previously in healthy individuals but also in those who suffer from various brain disord...
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a prevalent medical condition associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Despite the high clinical burden, sex-based differences among PAD patients are not well defined yet, in contrast to other atheroscl...
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent disorder of gut–brain interaction (DGBI) with a negative impact on quality of life and healthcare expenditure. This study aimed to investigate sex-based differences in a large cohort of...
Introduction: Though disease-related differences between the sexes have increasingly attracted attention, the renal impact of pulse pressure (PP) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has never been investigated comprehensively in relation to...
(1) Background: In the absence of locally validated tools, the CHA2DS2-VA score has been suggested as a substitute for the CHA2DS2-VASc score. This study compared the potential discrepancies between these scores. (2) Methods: The observational, retro...
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most-common cause of cardiovascular death, after myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. We aimed to evaluate the attributes and outcomes of PE specifi...
Background and Objectives: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and caused ~1.8 million deaths in the European Union from 2012 to 2020. This study aimed to analyze and quantify sex-based disparities, i...
Background: Sex differences play a significant role in the epidemiology, biology, and outcomes of many cancers, including glioblastoma (GB), the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. GB is more frequent in males, while females tend to have...
Biological sex and gender factors significantly influence the pathogenesis, progression, and treatment response in hematologic malignancies. This comprehensive review examines sex-specific differences in acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic le...
Background/Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is marked by repetitive occurrences of upper airway (UA) obstruction during sleep. Morbidities impacting the metabolic, cardiovascular (CV) and neurological systems are correlated with OSA. Only a...
Background and Objectives: Although gender and age are high-profile risk factors for meniscal injuries, their interplay is not yet fully understood. Little information is available about patients undergoing first-time meniscus surgery and the epidemi...
13 December 2025
Fundamental movement skills (FMS) and behavioral self-regulation (SR) are important for lifelong physical activity (PA). While physical literacy (PL) mediates child PA, its broader developmental impact in early childhood education (ECE) remains under...
Sexual dimorphism is an important factor in understanding various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While females typically exhibit stronger immune responses, the role of sex in IBD remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the...
Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is over twice as common in females compared to males, who may also experience more severe hemorrhages and worse outcomes. Differences in SAH severity, susceptibility to delayed cerebral ischemia (D...
The impacts of sex differences on the biology of various organ systems and the influences of sex hormones on modulating health and disease have become increasingly relevant in clinical and biomedical research. A growing body of evidence has recently...
(1) Background: Overconsumption of processed meats, fats, and carbohydrates drives the obesity epidemic in the USA. Associated with this epidemic are increases in metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. In thi...
This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence...
Background/Objectives: Understanding sex-based differences in cardiovascular outcomes is paramount to improving clinical outcomes. Surgery is an aggressive but effective therapy for ascending aortic aneurysm. We sought to determine if being a woman i...
There is some evidence that autistic children experience more traumatic events than non-autistic children, but little research attention has been given to sex differences on this issue. This study investigated the presence of sex-based differences in...
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common chronic arrhythmia and is a leading cause of stroke, with well-documented differences in pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and prognosis according to the sex of the patient. This review provides an...
Objectives: Sex-based disparities in COVID-19 outcomes are well-documented, with men experiencing greater acute severity and women showing increased vulnerability to post-viral syndromes. However, longitudinal immunometabolic trajectories in vaccinat...
Infectious pathogens are implicated in the etiology of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) because of the occurrence of outbreaks of the disease. While a number of different infectious agents have been associated with the onse...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated mental health challenges across occupational sectors, disproportionately affecting workers in essential and public-facing roles. Objectives: This study ai to identify the occupational sectors in Spain...
This study examined the relationship of physical activity (PA) and dietary quality to android fat composition and distribution using a national representative adult sample and determined sex-based differences in these relationships. It is a cross-sec...
Background/Objectives: Back pain is increasingly prevalent during childhood and adolescence, often predicting adult spinal disorders. This study aimed to describe sex-specific anthropometric and “Postural Fitness” characteristics in schoo...
Little is known about the manifestation of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among individuals with ocular cancer (OC), a population for whom reports on sex-based differences in survival remain inconsistent. We evaluated the occurrence of CVD mortality a...
Understanding the structure of play in competitive contexts is essential for an accurate performance analysis. This study examined the effects of sex and age category on the temporal and formal structure of play in youth tennis. Methods: Twenty-four...
Background: Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and its incidence and mortality vary by sex, age, race, and socioeconomic status. Relatively few studies, however, have characterized disparities in survival improvement across these demograph...
Badminton is an intermittent sport with a diverse exercise profile that stresses both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. The aim of this study was to compare the internal and external load profiles of multi-feeding (MF) drills and simulated match...
Background/Objectives: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common valvular defect worldwide, with an increasing incidence attributed to the aging population. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) is a viable treatment, but its long-term survival...
The impact of sex in the development of long-term toxicities affecting the quality of life of cancer survivors has not been investigated experimentally. To address this issue, a series of neurologic and cardiologic endpoints were used to investigate...
Physical activity induces modifications in the concentrations of trace mineral elements. However, studies exploring sex-related differences in manganese (Mn) and molybdenum (Mo) levels among athletes are scarce. Mn and Mo are essentials metals requir...
Cybersexual victimization is a growing public health concern with severe psychosocial consequences, particularly for younger populations. Despite growing awareness of its prevalence, understanding how cybersexual victimization evolves across differen...
Objectives: The present study aimed to examine the relationships between screen time (ST), sleep time (SLT), physical activity engagement (PA), Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence, body mass index (BMI), self-esteem (SE) and academic performance (AP) i...
22 September 2021
Evidence suggests that girls spend much time on social networking sites (SNS), often more than boys do. It has been proposed that this may have to do with sex-based differences in the need and approaches for socialization. We posit that adolescent gi...
Background: Sex-based differences in mortality have been previously observed in patients with surgically treated infective endocarditis. We sought to evaluate the risk factors leading to this difference. Methods: A retrospective cohort from three cen...
Background: Both-bone forearm fractures (BBFF) are among the most common pediatric injuries. While most cases in younger children can be managed non-operatively, older children and adolescents exhibit less predictable remodeling and longer healing ti...
The Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) focuses on a health promotion perspective with a salutogenic approach, reinforcing the pillars of self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the CDSMP on Self-perceived Health...
With an increasing understanding of the differences between men and women’s psychological experiences, this study aimed to probe the sex-based differences in anxiety, depressive symptoms, and coping strategies among orthognathic patients. The s...
Background: An increased incidence of adult-onset heart failure is seen in individuals born preterm or affected by fetal growth restriction. An adverse maternal environment is associated with both preterm birth and poor fetal development, and postnat...
Background and Objectives: Edentulism is considered to be an impediment impacting both patients’ quality of life and their nutrition. Conventional complete dentures are still a preferred treatment. However, there is no consensus on the most imp...
This study proposes a low-cost, wearable multimodal system for comprehensive cardiovascular monitoring, integrating electrocardiogram (ECG), phonocardiogram (PCG), and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals. By leveraging the complementary strengths of the...
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