Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Experimental Design
2.2.1. Characteristics of Simulated Match Play (SMP)
2.2.2. Characteristics of Multi-Feeding Training (MF)
- Block 1: Player W executed full-court singles drills within a neutral tactical zone covering six designated areas, with shuttle feeds provided by racquet-feeding. Rest period: 60 s.
- Block 2: Player W performed a full-court singles sequence focused on a defensive tactical zone with moderate pressure, with the feeder providing shuttles via hand-feeding. Rest period: 120 s.
- Block 3: Player W engaged in a full-court doubles format, initiating an attack from the backcourt and following up with mid-court coverage, with shuttle feeds delivered through racquet-feeding. Rest period: 60 s.
- Block 4: Player W returned to full-court singles, combining an attack from the backcourt with movement toward the net, fed via racquet-feeding. Rest period: 120 s.
- Block 5: A full-court, free-form multi-shuttle drill was conducted, combining both defensive and offensive patterns. Rest period: 60 s.
- Block 6: The session concluded with a free-form multi-shuttle drill combining defensive and counterattack sequences in full court, fed via racquet-feeding.
2.2.3. Measurement of Anthropometric Characteristics
2.2.4. Measurement of External Load Variables
2.2.5. Measurement of Internal Load Variables
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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p Value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Females (n = 18) | Males (n = 24) | Situation (MF vs. SMP) | Interaction Situation—Sex (Cohen’s d [95% CI]) | ||
RD (m/min) | MF | 61.3 ± 8.9 | 60.3 ± 8.5 | <0.001 | 0.215 [−0.2579 to 0.995] |
SMP | 41.0 ± 7.9 | 51.2 ± 11.4 | |||
ExplD (m) | MF | 497.6 ± 165.1 | 432.9 ± 121.0 | 0.028 | 0.392 [−0.3882 to 0.853] |
SMP | 286.4 ± 110.3 | 291.5 ± 138.5 | |||
AccMAX (m/s2) | MF | 6.7 ± 1.5 | 8.2 ± 1.7 | 0.008 | 0.26 [−0.369 to 0.873] |
SMP | 9.1 ± 0.4 | 8.5 ± 1.2 | |||
AccRel(n/min) | MF | 38.0 ± 4.1 | 41.4 ± 1.4 | 0.639 | 0.727 [−0.490 to 0.788] |
SMP | 37.8 ± 9.9 | 40.1 ± 2.5 | |||
RJumps (n/min) | MF | 0.80 ± 0.3 **$$$ | 1.60 ± 0.9 $$$ | <0.001 | 0.069 [−0.0594 to 1.844] |
SMP | 0.34 ± 0.2 *** | 0.52 ± 0.3 | |||
SpeedMAX (km/h) | MF | 15.8 ± 5.5 $ | 19.8 ± 6.0 | 0.027 | 0.019 [−1.735 to 0.128] |
SMP | 23.8 ± 5.0 | 19.6 ±4.7 | |||
HRavg (bpm) | MF | 184 ± 9.3 | 185 ± 5.0 | <0.001 | 0.616 [−1.241 to 0.738] |
SMP | 154 ± 9.3 | 152 ± 15.9 | |||
HRpeak (bpm) | MF | 195 ± 8.4 | 199 ± 6.8 | <0.001 | 0.450 [−1.1337 to 0.843] |
SMP | 184 ± 10.2 | 183 ± 14.8 | |||
TakeOffAVG (g) | MF | 2.20 ± 0.39 | 2.27 ± 0.39 | 0.312 | 0.330 [−0.322 to 1.558] |
SMP | 1.77 ± 0.90 | 2.27 ± 0.93 | |||
LandingAVG (g) | MF | 3.88 ± 0.32 | 4.45 ± 0.62 | 0.132 | 0.420 [−0.193 to 1.035] |
SMP | 3.56 ± 1.36 | 3.85 ± 1.28 | |||
Session RPE (AU) | MF | 287 ± 22 | 273 ± 30 | <0.001 | 0.101 [−0.059 to 1.634] |
SMP | 191 ± 52.8 | 232 ± 78 |
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Alvarez-Dacal, F.; Rodríguez-Fernández, A.; Herrero-Molleda, A.; Gil-Calvo, M.; Baiget, E.; Seguí-Urbaneja, J.; Fernández-Fernández, J. Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 7451. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137451
Alvarez-Dacal F, Rodríguez-Fernández A, Herrero-Molleda A, Gil-Calvo M, Baiget E, Seguí-Urbaneja J, Fernández-Fernández J. Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(13):7451. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137451
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlvarez-Dacal, Francisco, Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández, Alba Herrero-Molleda, Marina Gil-Calvo, Ernest Baiget, Jordi Seguí-Urbaneja, and Jaime Fernández-Fernández. 2025. "Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players" Applied Sciences 15, no. 13: 7451. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137451
APA StyleAlvarez-Dacal, F., Rodríguez-Fernández, A., Herrero-Molleda, A., Gil-Calvo, M., Baiget, E., Seguí-Urbaneja, J., & Fernández-Fernández, J. (2025). Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players. Applied Sciences, 15(13), 7451. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137451