173 Results Found

Background: In forensic ballistics, identifying ammunition types on physical evidence is critical, particularly when metallic residues are minimal. This study comparatively analyzes the elemental signatures deposited by two common projectiles—F...

Quantitative mineralogy plays a vital role in exploration geology by defining mineral assemblages, identifying metal-bearing phases, and providing clues to optimize ore processing. In peraluminous rare-metal granites such as those at Beauvoir (France...

Germanium is considered a critical element, with a demand that has sharply increased due to booming high-technology industries. To understand Ge incorporation mechanisms in natural systems, we investigate Ge speciation in Cu-bearing sulfide minerals...

Micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (micro-XRF) integrates spatial and spectral information and is widely employed for multi-elemental analyses of rock-forming minerals. However, its inherent limitation in spatial resolution gives rise to significa...

Cnidarians are among the most important diploblastic organisms, elucidating many of the early stages of Metazoan evolution. However, Cnidarian fossils from Cambrian deposits have been rarely documented, mainly due to difficulties in identifying early...

Biosolids (Bs) for use in agriculture are an important way for introducing and transferring TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) to plants and food chain. Roots of Pisum sativum L. plants grown in Bs-amended soils spiked with TiO₂ 800 mg/kg as rutile NPs, anatas...

We investigated and presented our results for the dependence of the characteristics of the crystalline and grain structures of the PCR-13 material (based on the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) system), which was sintered in various ways, on the regulat...

Black mass is the industry term applied to end-of-life (EoL) lithium-ion batteries that have been mechanically processed for potential use as a recycled material to recover the valuable metals present, including cobalt, lithium, manganese, nickel and...

Sulphur is the third most abundant volatile element in deep Earth systems. Analytical methods for accurately and efficiently determining the sulphur content and oxidation state in natural minerals are still lacking. Natural apatite is widely distribu...

In most cases, sponge fossils are preserved as isolated spicules, with complete sponge body fossils largely confined to Konservat-Lagerstätten. Although the classification and diversity of sponges and their isolated spicules have been extensivel...

The investigation on tin (Sn) whiskers formation has been widely applied in the field of lead-free electronic packaging. This is due to the fact that use of the Sn–Pb finishes has converted to Pb-free finishes in the electronic industry. Sn whiskers...

A geopolymer has been reckoned as a rising technology with huge potential for application across the globe. Dolomite refers to a material that can be used raw in producing geopolymers. Nevertheless, dolomite has slow strength development due to its l...

Northern Chile is home to the world’s largest copper ore deposits, which have been exploited for thousands of years by different groups, at varying scales and for different purposes. In this context, it is important to develop new protocols to...

Reduced activation ferritic and martensitic steel like EUROFER (9Cr-1W) are considered as potential structural materials for the first wall of the future next-generation DEMOnstration Power Station (DEMO) fusion reactor and as a reference material fo...

A core component of energy storage systems like vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) is the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM). In this work, the frequently used perfluorosulfonic-acid (PFSA) membrane Nafion™ 117 and a novel poly (vinylidene difluori...

Axinite crystals from the type locality (Oisans, French Alps) are considered among the more remarkable specimens known for their quality (lustre, colour, size, and purity) and crystalline forms. However, they have been the subject of only a few in-de...

This work describes a holistic archaeometric approach to ancient Macedonian specimens. In the region of the ancient city Lete, the deceased members of a rich and important family were interred in a cluster of seven tombs (4th century BC). Among the n...

The main goal of this study was to identify potential chemical elements present in three types of polymetallic mine waste, stored in the old mine site of São Domingos, located in the Iberian Pyrite Belt, Alentejo, Southern Region of Portugal....

In the present work, a fragment of a stone mould recently found in Galicia (NW Spain) was studied by multiple analytical techniques approach involving 3D optical imaging reconstruction to obtain data about the shape of the mould, typology of artefact...

Chromium slag sites pose severe environmental risks due to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contamination, characterized by high mobility and toxicity. This study focused on chromium-contaminated soil from a historical chromium slag site in North China,...

In this study, we adopt a geometallurgical analytical approach common in mineral processing in the characterization of samples of shredded waste printed circuit board (PCB) E-waste, originating from Europe. Conventionally, bulk chemical analysis prov...

Slags from the metallurgical recycling process are an important source of resources classified as critical elements by the EU. One example is lithium from Li-ion battery recycling. In this context, the thermodynamic properties of the recycled compone...

The high concentration of trace elements in Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is an important research topic for quality control. This study investigated the total concentration of trace elements in three herbs used as both medicine and supplementary foo...

Gutta-percha points and root canal sealers have been used for decades in endodontics for root canal obturation. With techniques such as single cone methods, the amount of sealer is larger, making their properties more critical. However, relatively fe...

In this study, growth and ionomic responses of three duckweed species were analyzed, namely Lemna minor, Landoltia punctata, and Spirodela polyrhiza, were exposed for short-term periods to hexavalent chromium or nickel under laboratory conditions. It...

Scanning micrο X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) and multispectral imaging (MSI) were applied to study philately stamps, selected for their small size and intricate structures. The μ-XRF measurements were accomplished using the M6 Jetstream Br...

The ceramic pastes of ca. 31 samples recovered from the Almaraz archaeological site, located in the south bench of Tagus River, were studied in detail using XRF, micro-Raman and GSDR spectroscopies, as well as the XRD technique. The ceramic sherds co...

Twelve sherds of blue-and-white Chinese porcelains recovered from archaeological excavations in the Santana Convent (Ming and Qing Dynasties) in Lisbon were studied using several non-invasive spectroscopies, namely micro-Raman, X-ray Fluorescence (XR...

This paper presents a multi-analytical investigation performed for the study of the ecclesiastical vestment, with insignia, of Pope Pius VII, painted from the end of the 18th up to the beginning of the 19th century, made of five clothing elements: ch...

This paper presents a preliminary scientific investigation of pigments used by Martiros Sarian, a prominent Armenian artist known for his vibrant and evocative paintings. The study focuses on five of Sarian’s paintings from different periods of...

This study describes the composition and provenance of dense bodies or structures present in uncharred plant vestiges recovered at Monte Castelo (6000–700 cal. AP-SW Amazonia). It aimed to disclose some aspects of this plant remains’ inte...

This work describes the characterization of pigments and ground layers in two paintings by the renowned Argentinian painter Antonio Berni (1905–1981). The studied paintings are “Toledo” and “Figure” from the collection o...

The Natural History and Science Museum of the University of Porto houses a collection of 45 models of fungi in papier-mâché from the 19th-century, which were used at the university until 2015 as didactic models. For the first time, the m...

Aims: This study aimed to investigate gadolinium (Gd) and bio-metals in a renal allograft of a patient who was shortly after transplantation repeatedly exposed to a Gd-based contrast agent (GBCA), with the purpose of determining whether Gd can be pro...

This study documents the geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of three nickel reference materials for the battery minerals industry: ¼ drill cores of typical nickel-rich ores, centimeter-sized chips of run-of-mine ore, and finely grou...

In this paper, a methodological approach based on hyperspectral imaging (HSI) working in the short-wave infrared range (1000–2500 nm) was developed and applied for the recycling-oriented characterization of post-earthquake building waste. In more det...

This work is the first scientific study of khipu dyes and inorganic mordants and auxiliaries, paving the way for a new approach to understanding khipus’ meaningful materiality, technology, and colours. Khipus have usually been described as &ldq...

The use of gold for artefact productions underwent substantial developments during Iron Age in western Europe, with the diversification of alloy compositions and the introduction of new technologies and aesthetics. This work presents a detailed study...

With mineral in situ testing technology and ore deposit geochemistry development, calcite has become a hot topic in studying carbonate minerals. Four large-grain calcite crystals from Fujian, China, were used for a detailed study. This study provides...

Findings of Iron Age metallurgical activities related to tin metal and mining are very rare. In the present work, we present a detailed study of the Outeiro de Baltar hillfort, dated to the Late Iron Age/Early Roman period, located in a place where 2...

The longevity, site fidelity, and trophic position of freshwater turtles have led to their increasing recognition as useful bioindicators of environmental contamination. Mauremys leprosa (n = 25) shells from a Northern African wetland system were exa...

Titanites can be excellent markers of element transfer in medium-temperature retrograde metamorphism. Euhedral titanites from several alpine fissures from Mont Blanc, particularly those of Périades and Courtes, crystallised at the end of the m...

The remarkable conservation of soft tissues within Cambrian fossils has significantly enhanced our comprehension of the origins and evolutionary trajectories of animals, in addition to the progression of ecological intricacy. Here, we report an excep...

Air pollution poses significant risks to built heritage, yet traditional methods for diagnosing degradation patterns remain largely fragmented, often relying on isolated data streams and/or subjective comparative interpretations. This study proposes...

Geopolymer materials are used as construction materials due to their lower carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions compared with conventional cementitious materials. An example of a geopolymer material is alkali-activated kaolin, which is a viable alternative...

Color is a primary determinant of the value of jadeite jade, but the petrological provenance of the chromogenic elements of jadeite jade remains uncertain. The characteristics of the associated chromite in Myanmar jadeite jade were systematically inv...

The Jian forsterite jade, so named because of its enrichment in end-member forsterite, is a new type of jade found in Ji’an County (Jilin Province, Northeast China). Tourmaline is discovered in Jian forsterite jade deposits and is characterized...

The Sisson Brook deposit is a low-grade, large-tonnage W-Mo deposit with notable Cu located in west-central New Brunswick, Canada, and is one of several W-Mo deposits in New Brunswick associated with fluids sourced from granitic plutons emplaced duri...

This study investigates the effect of calcined clays (metakaolin, metasilt, metaclay) on the chemical composition, distribution, and structure of alkali–silica reaction (ASR) gels. Using 10 wt% of calcined clays reduced concrete expansion and m...

Internal radiation exposure from neutron-induced radioisotopes environmentally activated following atomic bombing or nuclear accidents should be considered for a complete picture of pathologic effects on survivors. Inhaled hot particles expose neighb...