The large family of C-type lectin (CLEC) receptors comprises carbohydrate-binding proteins that require Ca2+ to bind a ligand. The prototypic receptor is the asialoglycoprotein receptor-1 (ASGR1, CLEC4H1) that is expressed primarily by hepatocytes. T...
CLEC16A is emerging as an important genetic risk factor for several autoimmune disorders and for Parkinson disease (PD), opening new avenues for translational research and therapeutic development. While the exact role of CLEC16A in health and disease...
Platelet activation plays a central role in arterial thrombosis, thromboinflammation, and microvascular injury. Conventional platelet function tests evaluate platelet responsiveness to exogenous agonists ex vivo but do not directly reflect in vivo pl...
CLEC4G, a glycan-binding receptor, has previously been demonstrated to inhibit Aβ generation, yet its brain localization and functions in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are not clear. We explored the localization, function, and regulatory networ...
The Malayan pit viper, Calloselasma rhodostoma, produces a potent venom toxin, rhodocytin (aggretin) which causes platelet aggregation. Rhodocytin is a ligand for the receptor CLEC-2 on the surface of platelets. The interaction of these two molecules...
CLEC12A is a myeloid inhibitory receptor that negatively regulates inflammation in mouse models of autoimmune and autoinflammatory arthritis. Reduced CLEC12A expression enhances myeloid cell activation and inflammation in CLEC12A knock-out mice with...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis involves progressive synaptic degeneration, a process potentially driven by maladaptive microglial pruning activity. While synaptic loss is a hallmark of AD, the molecular signals triggering pathological mi...
C-type lectins (CTLs) are a group of proteins that play a crucial role in immunological functions. With the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, CTLs have emerged as a potential alternative to traditional antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides (AMP...
CLEC3B (C-type lectin domain family 3 member B), also known as tetranectin (TN), is a secreted trimeric protein containing a C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD). Located on chromosome 3p21.31. CLEC3B maintains organismal homeostasis through roles in imm...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that develops in genetically susceptible individuals, probably triggered by common environmental factors. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci were early s...
The formation of new blood vessels in solid tumors is regulated by various endothelial trophic factors. We identified that CLEC11A, an extracellular C-type lectin, was over-expressed in lung cancer cell lines harboring mutated EGFR. CLEC11A expressio...
The C-type lectin CLEC4M binds and internalizes factor VIII (FVIII). Common CLEC4M variants have been associated with FVIII pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in hemophilia A (HA) patients. The two-compartment PK analysis of plasma-derived (pd-) and full...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease with multiple etiological factors. The SLE susceptibility locus on chromosome 16p13 encodes a novel gene CLEC16A and its functional relationship with SLE is unclear. This study aim...
Legionella pneumophila is an intracellular pathogen that can cause severe pneumonia after the inhalation of contaminated aerosols and replication in alveolar macrophages. Several pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been identified that contribu...
Membrane proteins, especially extracellular domains, are key therapeutic targets due to their role in cell communication and associations. Yet, their functions and interactions often remain unclear. This study presents a general method to discover in...
Background: CLEC5A is a C-type lectin expressed by monocytes and neutrophils, playing an important role in innate immunity. Although it has been shown to interact with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, its role during vaccination remains poorly unders...
Background/Objectives: CLEC-2 (C-type lectin-like receptor 2), the newest discovered platelet receptor, is involved in platelet activation and aggregation, the inflammatory response, tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis. These unique features m...
In glioblastoma, the strong immunosuppression of the tumor immune microenvironment fosters tumor aggressiveness and decreases the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions, including immunotherapies. An intricate network of connections among tumor c...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by widespread inflammation and autoantibody production. Its development and progression involve genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Although genome-wide ass...
The yellow fever vaccine (YF17DD) is highly effective with a single injection conferring protection for at least 10 years. The YF17DD induces polyvalent responses, with a TH1/TH2 CD4+ profile, robust T CD8+ responses, and synthesis of interferon-gamm...
Background/Objectives: Biomaterials are an essential part of healthcare for both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Although some biomaterials possess antimicrobial properties, introducing biomaterial into the body may lead to infections due to b...
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. Sequence changes can significantly improve the therapeutic properties of antimicrobial peptides. In our study, we apply different sequence modifications to e...
The snake venom, rhodocytin, from the Malayan viper, Calloselasma rhodostoma, and the endogenous podoplanin are identified as ligands for the C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2). The snakebites caused by Calloselasma rhodostoma cause a local reac...
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and Graves’ disease (GD) are common autoimmune endocrine disorders in children. Studies indicate that apart from environmental factors, genetic background significantly contributes to the development of these...
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis caused by fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides and the different clinical forms of the disease are associated with the host immune responses. Quantitative trait loci mapping analysis was performed to...
Marburg virus (MARV), a highly pathogenic member of the Filoviridae family, causes severe hemorrhagic fever with a high case fatality rate and currently lacks effective therapeutics. The viral entry process, mediated by the interaction between the MA...
The scoring systems for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) criteria require several adequate cutoff values, vary, and are complicated. Accordingly, a simpler and quicker diagnostic method for DIC is needed. Under such circumstances, soluble...
The C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is expressed on platelets and mediates binding to podoplanin (PDPN) on various cell types. The binding to circulating tumor cells (CTCs) leads to platelet activation and promotes metastatic spread. An increa...
Introduction: Soluble C-type lectin-like receptor -2 (sCLEC-2) has been recognized as a marker of platelet activation, and attention has been drawn to formulas combining sCLEC-2 levels with platelet count and D-dimer levels. Methods: In this study, s...
Human umbilical cord lining epithelial cells [CLECs) are naïve in nature and can be ethically recovered from cords that are routinely discarded. The success of using oral mucosal epithelial cells for cornea defects hints at the feasibility of tr...
In biocatalytic processes, the use of free enzymes is often limited due to the lack of long-term stability and reusability. To counteract this, enzymes can be crystallized and then immobilized, generating cross-linked enzyme crystals (CLECs). As mech...
Background: Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) includes cardiogenic ACI treated with anticoagulants and atherosclerotic ACI treated with antiplatelet agents. The differential diagnosis between cardiogenic and atherosclerotic ACI is still difficult. Mate...
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is induced by excess activation coagulation, and activated platelets are also involved in pathogenesis. Therefore, plasma levels of soluble C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (sCLEC-2), a new marker for platele...
White spot disease (WSD) outbreaks pose a significant threat to the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming industry. The causative agent is the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). There are no effective treatments for WSD so far. Ther...
Although thrombosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has attracted attention, the mechanism underlying its development remains unclear. The relationship between platelet activation and the severity of COVID-19 infection was compared w...
Group-specific component macrophage-activating factor (GcMAF) is the vitamin D3-binding protein (DBP) deglycosylated at Thr420. The protein is believed to exhibit a wide range of therapeutic properties associated with the activation of macrophagal im...
Because of their high volumetric catalytic activity, in addition to their high chemical and thermal resistances, enzymes in the form of protein crystals are an excellent choice for application as immobilized biocatalysts. However, mechanical stabilit...
Lectin-like transcript 1 (LLT1) expression by tumor cells contributes to immune evasion, thereby emerging as a natural killer (NK) cell-mediated immunotherapeutic target. This study is the first to investigate LLT1 expression (encoded by CLEC2D gene)...
The human C-type lectin domain family 7 member A (CLEC7A) gene encodes a Dectin-1 protein that recognizes beta-1,3-linked and beta-1,6-linked glucans, which form the cell walls of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. It plays a role in immunity against fun...
Background and Objectives: Alopecia areata (AA) is a tissue-specific immune-mediated disorder that affects hair follicles and the nail apparatus. Due to the collapse of hair follicle immune privilege in AA, hair loss ranges in severity from small, lo...
Aberrant DNA methylation changes have been reported to be associated with carcinogenesis in cirrhotic HCC, but DNA methylation patterns for these non-cirrhotic HCC cases were not examined. Therefore, we sought to investigate DNA methylation changes o...
Chimeric RNAs are often associated with chromosomal rearrangements in cancer. In addition, they are also widely detected in normal tissues, contributing to transcriptomic complexity. Despite their prevalence, little is known about the characteristics...
Animal models for complex diseases are needed to position and analyze the function of interacting genes. Previous positional cloning identified Ncf1 and Clec4b to be major regulators of arthritis models in rats. Here, we investigate epistasis between...
The genetic landscape of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been extensively mapped, yielding significant insights into the molecular mechanisms of the disorder. Early studies highlighted key genes associated with the immune system, particularly T cells, as...
Enzymes are able to catalyze various specific reactions under mild conditions and can, therefore, be applied in industrial processes. To ensure process profitability, the enzymes must be reusable while ensuring their enzymatic activity. To improve th...
Grammatical error correction (GEC) for Chinese learner English is still dominated by sentence-level modeling, which limits discourse-level consistency and weakens adaptation to learner-specific error profiles. From an instructional perspective, these...
Background: Tetranectin (CLEC3B), a plasminogen-binding protein involved in fibrinolysis and tissue remodeling, has been increasingly studied as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review synthesizes...
Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that primarily affects children and young adults. The overall 5-year survival rate for localized osteosarcoma is 70–75%, but it is only 20–30% for patients with relapsed or metastatic tumors. To inves...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread, with thrombotic complications being increasingly frequently reported. Although thrombosis is frequently complicated in septic patients, there are some differences in the thrombosis noted with COVID-19 a...
Tetranectin (TN), also known as C-type lectin domain family 3 member B (CLEC3B), is a secreted glycoprotein originally identified through its high-affinity interaction with plasminogen. Although initially linked to fibrinolysis, TN is now increasingl...
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