One of the goals of the MICADO Euratom project is to monitor the gamma-rays emitted by radioactive waste drums in storage sites on a medium to long term basis. For this purpose, 36 low-cost gamma-ray counters were designed and built to act as a demon...
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has made the hypofractionation of high doses delivered in a few sessions more acceptable. While the benefits of hypofractionated SBRT have been attributed to additional vascular, immune effects, or specific...
The quality of treatment delivery as prescribed in radiotherapy is exceptionally important. One element that helps provide quality assurance is the ability to carry out time-resolved radiotherapy dose measurements. Reports on doped silica optical fib...
After having been an instrument of the Cold War, space exploration has become a major technological, scientific and societal challenge for a number of countries. With new projects to return to the Moon and go to Mars, radiobiologists have been called...
The biological effects of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation show both a qualitative and quantitative difference when compared to low-LET radiation. However, models used to estimate risks ignore qualitative differences and involve extensive...
A recognized risk of long-duration space travel arises from the elevated exposure astronauts face from galactic cosmic radiation (GCR), which is composed of a diverse array of energetic particles. There is now abundant evidence that exposures to many...
The use of very high energy electron (VHEE) beams, with energies between 50 and 400 MeV, has drawn considerable interest in radiotherapy due to their deep tissue penetration, sharp beam edges, and low sensitivity to tissue density. VHEE beams can be...
The Sellafield nuclear plant is a 3 km2 site in north-west Cumbria, England, with a long and distinguished history of nuclear power generation, reprocessing and waste storage—with a current working emphasis on decommissioning and clean-up. Important...
Although organized, low-dose, computed-tomography (CT) scan lung-cancer screening has been shown to lower all-cause and lung-cancer-specific mortality, the primary cause of death for subjects eligible for such screening remains cardiovascular (CV) mo...
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a lipid carrier in both the peripheral and the central nervous systems (CNSs). Lipid-loaded ApoE lipoprotein particles bind to several cell surface receptors to support membrane homeostasis and brain injury repair. In the b...
Wheat blast, caused by the ascomycetous fungus Pyricularia oryzae Triticum lineage (PoTl), is mainly controlled by fungicide use, but resistance to the main fungicide groups—sterol demethylase (DMI), quinone outside (QoI), and succinate de...
Ionizing radiation has become the most effective way to modify natural and synthetic polymers through crosslinking, degradation, and graft polymerization. This review will include an in-depth analysis of radiation chemistry mechanisms and the kinetic...
The latent enhanced low dose rate sensitivity (ELDRS) effect is observed in the double-polysilicon self-aligned (DPSA) technology PNP bipolar junction transistor (BJT) irradiated with a high and low dose rate gamma ray, which is discussed from the pe...
Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify factors that predict recurrence by comparing low-dose and standard-dose Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induction therapy in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: A...
(1) Background—low-dose radioiodine ablation is an accepted strategy for the treatment of low- and intermediate-risk thyroid carcinomas, although there is no international consensus. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical experience...
Helicobacter pylori is a gastrointestinal pathogen with a high infection rate. Probiotics are clinically used as an adjuvant to improve the cure rate and reduce the side effects of antibiotic treatment for H. pylori. This study is the first to explor...
Background: We performed a phase I experiment in a healthy teenage population in Sui County, Henan Province, China. The trial was randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled. Methods: Ninety-six adolescents were randomly assigned in three groups...
Background/Objectives: Although oxytocin administration is recommended for delayed labor progress, there is no consensus over the preferred optimal dose of oxytocin. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomes comparing high-dose versus...
Our laboratory and others have use radiation metabolomics to assess responses in order to develop biomarkers reflecting exposure and level of injury. To expand the types of exposure and compare to previously published results, metabolomic analysis ha...
Introduction: The aim of the study was to analyse the results and potential complications of local treatment with HDR (high dose-rate) brachytherapy of liver metastases from colorectal cancer, depending on the targeted therapy used and considering RA...
Fluvalinate is a widely used insecticide for varroa mite control in apiculture. While most beekeepers have ignored the effects of low levels of fluvalinate on bees, this study aims to demonstrate its effects at very low concentrations. We first used...
To evaluate patients’ radiation exposure undergoing CT-guided joint injection in preparation of MR-arthrography. We developed a novel ultra-low-dose protocol utilizing tin-filtration, performed it in 60 patients and compared the radiation exposure (D...
Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based therapy is standard to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Gastric acidity is lowered after gastrectomy because of bile reflux and impaired mechanism of acid secretion. Therefore, low-dose PPI may be effective...
To date, the radiation-adaptive response has been reported as a low-dose-related phenomenon and has been associated with radiation hormesis. Well-known cancers are caused by non-radiation active reactants, in addition to radiation. A model of suppres...
Low-cost sensors can be used to improve the temporal and spatial resolution of an individual’s particulate matter (PM) intake dose assessment. In this work, personal activity monitors were used to measure heart rate (proxy for minute ventilatio...
Bacillus anthracis spores that are re-aerosolized from surface deposits after initial contamination present significant health risks for personnel involved in decontamination. To model repeated exposure to low dose B. anthracis spores, three groups o...
Background: Intravenous (IV) iron administration is used widely for treating anemia in hemodialysis (HD) patients. In this study, we investigated the safety of IV iron therapy in this population. Methods: This study analyzed claims data from the Nati...
In this study, a high-density polyethylene (HDPE)-based carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) was irradiated by an electron-beam. To assess the absorbed dose rate influence on its mechanical properties, the beam energy and absorbed dose were...
We demonstrated that low dose pulsed radiation (0.25 Gy) at a high-dose-rate, even for very short intervals (10 s), decreases cell survival to a greater extent than single exposure to a similar total dose and dose rate. The objective of this study wa...
Patients with CLL have high rates of either severe disease or death from COVID-19 and a low response rate after COVID-19 vaccination has been reported. We conducted a single-center study with the main objective to evaluate the immunogenicity of the B...
Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are at greater risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and have attenuated response to vaccinations. In the present meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the serologic response to the COVID-19 vaccine in SOT...
Background: Oral vancomycin is a first line treatment for an initial episode of Clostridioides difficile infection. However, the comparative efficacy of different dosing regimens is lacking evidence in the current literature. Methods: We searched Pub...
Severe hyper-catecholaminergic states likely cause heart failure and cardiac fibrosis. While previous studies demonstrated the effects of beta-blockade in experimental models of single-catecholamine excess states, the detailed benefits of beta-blocka...
The study has two primary aims: the first is to examine the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination patterns among those previously infected, and the second is an evaluation of the period elapsed between the patient’s latest dose of the vaccine and the...
28 September 2022
COVID-19 vaccination coverage was studied by race/ethnicity, up-to-date doses, and by how it was affected by social vulnerability and spatial accessibility at the census-tract level in Milwaukee County, WI, USA. Social vulnerability was quantified at...
This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of improving fertility in dairy cows via immunization against inhibin. Thirty-two cows were divided into Control (n = 11), Low-dose (n = 10) and High-dose (n = 11) groups. The High-dose and Low-...
Background: Considering the indeterminate effects following the administration of three doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to patients under dialysis, the present study aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity rates of patients who received the three-dose v...
Primary tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy, so the optimal radiotherapy (RT) dose remains unestablished. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dose-escalated RT for primary tracheobronchial ACC. We retrospectivel...
In this paper, we present a calculation method for the radiation response eigenvalue based on a monolithic active pixel sensor. By comparing the statistical eigenvalues of different regions of a pixel array in bright and dark environments, the linear...
Background: MEK-inhibitor monotherapy has activity in advanced NRASQ61R/K/L mutant melanoma but is associated with dose-limiting cutaneous toxicity. The combination of a BRAF- with a MEK-inhibitor at their full dose (as in BRAFV600E/K mutant melanoma...
What treatment options are there for patients having uveal melanoma? A randomized, prospective, multi-institutional clinical trial (COMS) showed no difference in survival between brachytherapy and enucleation for medium-sized lesions. With the obviou...
Exposure to ionizing radiation can occur during medical treatments, from naturally occurring sources in the environment, or as the result of a nuclear accident or thermonuclear war. The severity of cellular damage from ionizing radiation exposure is...
The combination of an ultra-low-loss optical fiber sensitive to ionizing radiation and an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is investigated to explore the feasibility of a single-ended distributed radiation detector. The peculiarity of the tes...
We report the γ-ray ionizing radiation response of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) monolithic active-pixel sensors (MAPS) with different integration times and gains. The distribution of the eight-bit two-dimensional matrix of MAPS output frame...
In order to assess coronary artery calcium (CAC) quantification reproducibility for photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) at reduced tube potential, an anthropomorphic thorax phantom with low-, medium-, and high-density CAC inserts was scanned w...
A short curtain that improves on the low versatility of existing long curtains was developed as a dedicated radiation protective device for the over-table tube fluorographic imaging units. The effect of this short curtain in preventing cataracts was...
Tetrazolium salts provide an appealing candidate for 3D gel dosimeters as they exhibit a low intrinsic color, no signal diffusion and excellent chemical stability. However, a previously developed commercial product (the ClearView 3D Dosimeter) based...
Background: Chronic inflammation is a constant phenomenon which accompanies the heart failure pathophysiology. In all phenotypes of heart failure, irrespective of the ejection fraction, there is a permanent low-grade activation and synthesis of proin...
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is effective in treating moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the effectiveness and safety of low-dose (<4 mg/kg) versus high-dose (≥4 mg/kg) CsA and other s...
Purpose: To evaluate the suitability of low-dose CT protocols for online plan adaptation of head-and-neck patients. Methods: We acquired CT scans of a head phantom with protocols corresponding to CT dose index volume CTDIvol in the range of 4.2&ndash...
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