At present, the study of the neurotropic activity of polyunsaturated fatty acid ethanolamides (N-acylethanolamines) is becoming increasingly important. N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine (synaptamide, DHEA) is a highly active metabolite of docosahexaenoic...
Extracellular vesicles produced by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are key mediators of intercellular communication and have attracted increasing attention in recent years as potential therap...
The inflammatory response plays an important role in the pathophysiology of multiple injuries. This study examines the effects of severe trauma and inflammatory response on markers of neuronal damage. A retrospective analysis of prospectively collect...
The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between sex and outcome in trauma patients presented with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). A retrospective multicenter study was performed in trauma patients aged ≥ 1...
Background/Objectives: For those with comorbid mild traumatic brain injury/post-traumatic stress disorder (mTBI/PTSD), deficits are common with regard to recognition of emotion expression in others. These deficits can cause isolation and suicidal ide...
Background: The genitourinary system is not as commonly affected as many other organ systems in severely injured patients. Although a delayed and missed diagnosis of genitourinary injuries (GUIs) can severely compromise long-term outcomes, these inju...
Morphologically and functionally identical to brain synapses, the nerve ending particles synaptosomes are biochemically derived membrane structures responsible for the transmission of neural information. Their surface and mechanical properties, measu...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a versatile group of cell-secreted membranous nanoparticles present in body fluids. They have an exceptional diagnostic potential due to their molecular content matching the originating cells and accessibility from bo...
Head trauma is the most common cause of disability in young adults. Known as a silent epidemic, it can cause a mosaic of symptoms, whether neurological (sensory–motor deficits), psychiatric (depressive and anxiety symptoms), or somatic (vertigo...
Background and objectives: The burden of geriatric trauma patients continues to rise in Western society. Injury patterns and outcomes differ from those seen in younger adults. Getting a better understanding of these differences helps medical staff to...
Mitochondria are considered to be important organelles in the cell and play a key role in the physiological function of the heart, as well as in the pathogenesis and development of various heart diseases. Under certain pathological conditions, such a...
While hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury (TBI) was previously considered rare, it is now thought to be a major cause of treatable morbidity among TBI survivors. Consequently, recommendations for assessment of pituitary function and replacem...
Background: Non-missile penetrating traumatic brain injury (pTBI) is a rare but life-threatening condition. In self-inflicted cases involving the frontal sinus, a rigorous preoperative diagnostic workup is crucial to assess foreign body fragmentation...
Recent paradigms in traumatic brain injury have transitioned from focal-lesion models to an emphasis on diffuse axonal injury and white matter disruption as the primary drivers of cognitive morbidity. This selective review frames information processi...
21 November 2020
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is commonly associated with cardiac dysfunction, which may be reflected by abnormal electrocardiograms (ECG) and/or contractility. TBI-related cardiac disorders depend on the type of cerebral injury, the regio...
Background/Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant and urgent medical concern for the US military. TBI triggers excitotoxic responses immediately, involving mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by loss of calcium (Ca2+) cycl...
Background: Non-operative management (NOM) is the standard of care for haemodynamically stable patients with blunt splenic injury; however, failure of NOM remains clinically significant, particularly in settings where adjunctive interventions such as...
Neuroinflammation plays a central role in many neurological disorders, ranging from traumatic brain injuries to neurodegeneration. Electrophysiological activity is an essential measure of neuronal function, which is influenced by neuroinflammation. I...
Despite improvements in medical triage and tertiary care, traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Almost two-thirds of patients with severe TBI develop some form of hemostatic disturbance, which contr...
Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a major public health concern and strongly contributes to human epilepsy cases worldwide. However, an effective treatment and prevention remains a matter of intense research. The present study provides new insights int...
Background/Objectives: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) carries high mortality, and outcomes are particularly poor when prehospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is required. Because these patients are often excluded from research, epidemiol...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health concern, with an estimated 42 million cases globally every year. The majority of TBIs are mild TBIs, also known as concussion, and result from the application of mechanical forces on the head. Most pati...
Venous thrombus embolism (VTE) is common after polytrauma, both of which are considered significant contributors to poor outcomes and mortality. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is recognized as an independent risk factor for VTE and one of the most comm...
Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability in polytrauma (PT) patients, and its clinical outcome remains difficult to predict due to clinical heterogeneity and secondary injury mechanisms. Current dia...
Sinomenine (SIN) is a benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline-type alkaloid isolated from the dried plant root and stem of Sinomenium acutum (Thumb.) Rehd.et Wils, which shows potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. As a transforming disease-modifying a...
This review demonstrates that the diagnostic and prognostic significance of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is not limited to its use as a marker of astrocytic damage but should also be considered in the context of the diversity of GFAP isofor...
Coagulopathy and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are complexly intertwined. In isolated TBI, coagulopathy may contribute to hemorrhagic lesion development, progression, or recurrence, as it may lead to a particular pattern of coagulopathy called TBI-ind...
Patients with brain-metastatic breast cancer face a bleak prognosis marked by morbidity and premature death. A deeper understanding of molecular interactions in the metastatic brain tumour microenvironment may inform the development of new therapeuti...
Alzheimer’s disease remains one of the most widespread neurodegenerative reasons for dementia worldwide and is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. Therefore, it has been considered a priority for research. Indeed, several risk...
Background/Objectives: Clinical outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain difficult to predict, highlighting the need for more sensitive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, particularly in polytrauma. This study aimed to identify TBI-speci...
Deficits in memory performance have been linked to a wide range of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. While many studies have assessed the memory impacts of individual conditions, this study considers a broader perspective by evaluating ho...
Diffusion basis spectrum imaging–derived restricted fraction (DBSI-RF) isolates the low apparent diffusion coefficient water signal attributed to cellular crowding. It is therefore proposed as a putative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) marker...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a pervasive public health crisis that severely impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. Like peripheral forms of trauma, TBI results from extraordinarily heterogeneous environmental forces being imparted on...
The use of stem cells is part of a strategy for the treatment of a large number of diseases. However, the source of the original stem cells for use is extremely important and determines their therapeutic potential. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) hav...
Amniotic fluid is a complex and dynamic biological matrix that surrounds the fetus during the pregnancy. From this fluid, is possible to isolate various cell types with particular interest directed towards stem cells (AF-SCs). These cells are highly...
This qualitative study explored caregivers’ experiences navigating their child’s recovery following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) and identified barriers and facilitators to accessing healthcare, educational, and community resour...
1 January 2002
Behavioural modifications have less interested neuroscience than cognition these last decades, but have nevertheless a tremendous impact on outcome of neurological diseases. Moreover, they have less been taken into account in rehabilitation than cogn...
This review explores the concept of futility timeouts and the use of traumatic brain injury (TBI) as an independent predictor of the futility of resuscitation efforts in severely bleeding trauma patients. The national blood supply shortage has been e...
Background/Objectives: The evaluation of cognition is central to many neurological conditions, including traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body disease, frontotemporal degeneration, and vascular disorders. In clinical practice,...
Background: The incidence of coagulopathy after open traumatic brain injury (TBI) is high. Coagulopathy can aggravate intracranial hemorrhage and further increase morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical charac...
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) represent a promising strategy for a variety of medical applications. Although only a limited number of MSC engraft and survive after in vivo cellular infusion, MSC have shown beneficial effects on immunomo...
Background: Traumatic head injury (THI) includes a diverse range of hemorrhagic brain lesions (HBL), which are distinct phenotypes with characteristic pathophysiological mechanisms. Computed tomography (CT) is the cornerstone of the initial assessmen...
Introduction: Hyperosmotic therapy with mannitol is frequently used for treatment cerebral edema, and 320 mOsm/kg H2O has been recommended as a high limit for therapeutic plasma osmolality. However, plasma hyperosmolality may impair cardiac function,...
Background: Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring remains the cornerstone of neurocritical care in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet its prognostic value as a standalone metric is limited. The Pressure Reactivity Index (PRx), a continuous mea...
Introduction: Acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) represents one of the most lethal and debilitating forms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) encountered in neurosurgical emergency settings, carrying high mortality rates and severe long-term functional defic...
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