2025 March - 165 articles
The global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the strategies adopted by different nations have affected and altered the transmission of different respiratory pathogens around the world. We examined th...
South Africa has the highest HIV prevalence globally, often co-occurring with helminth infections in impoverished regions. The coexistence of these infections leads to immunological interactions, potentially enhancing oncogenesis by upregulating immu...
Metatranscriptomics has recently revealed greater species richness and host range of the Avastrovirus genus, quadrupling the number of avian orders known to host them in less than a decade. Despite this growing awareness of astrovirus presence in wil...
In recent years, the use of non-invasive host and environmental samples for the detection and monitoring of equine respiratory pathogens has shown promise and a high overall agreement with the gold standard of nasal secretions. The present study look...
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) poses a major threat to global tilapia aquaculture and contributes to significant economic losses due to the absence of effective vaccines and treatments. Given the high mortality rates and severe pathological effects of TiL...
SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants remain a global health threat, due to their capacity for rapid evolution. Variants throughout the COVID-19 pandemic exhibited variations in virulence, impacting vaccine protection and disease severity. Investigating...
The human T-cell lymphotropic viruses of type 1 and 2 (HTLV 1/2) are retroviruses with estimations of 10 million people infected worldwide. HTLV 1/2 viruses are endemic in South America where Indigenous and Afro American populations are considered of...
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The implementation of easily accessible prognostic biomarkers for patients with COVID-19 remains an important area of clinical research. In this large monocentric study at a German tertiary care hospital, we determined the prognostic performance of d...
Introduction: Yellow fever (YF) is a viral hemorrhagic fever transmitted by mosquitoes, characterized by a high mortality due to kidney and liver failure, massive coagulation disorders, and hemorrhages. With no specific treatment, prevention through...
The widespread implementation of antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced HIV-related mortality and mother-to-child transmission. Despite being HIV-uninfected, HIV-exposed children (HEU) seem to face heightened risks of immune dysfunction, ca...
Dichorhavirus is a recently accepted plant virus genus within the family Rhabdoviridae. Species assigned to the genus consist of bi-segmented, negative sense, single-stranded RNA viruses and are transmitted by Brevipalpus spp. Currently, there are fi...
Background: Antiretroviral therapy has transformed HIV infection from a fatal disease to a chronic and manageable condition, but increasing health issues beyond acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, such as metabolic, liver, and cardiovascular diseases...
Oropouche virus (OROV) is a neglected and emerging arbovirus that infects humans and animals in South and Central America. OROV is primarily transmitted to humans through the bites of infected midges and possibly some mosquitoes. It is the causative...
After transplantation, systematically monitoring and assessing the risk of transplanted organ rejection is crucial. Current methods involving immunosuppressant monitoring, the assessment of organ function, and biopsies are insufficient for predicting...
The alphabaculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is the most commonly used virus in the Baculovirus Expression Vector System (BEVS) and has been utilized for the production of many human and veterinary biologics. AcM...
The human APOBEC superfamily consists of eleven cytidine deaminase enzymes. Among them, APOBEC3 enzymes play a dual role in antiviral immunity and cancer development. APOBEC3 enzymes, including APOBEC3A (A3A) and APOBEC3B (A3B), induce mutations in v...
Leukemia is a hematologic malignancy; acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent subtype among children rather than in adults. Orthoherpesviridae family members produce proteins during latent infection phases that may contribute to canc...
The open reading frame 103 (p48) of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is one of the 38 core baculovirus genes. p48 has been shown to be essential for the production of infectious budded virions (BVs), nuclear egress of nuc...
In February 2024, while conducting surveillance for novel respiratory viruses, we studied four beef cattle farms near Monterrey, Mexico. Nasal swabs were collected from sick and healthy beef cattle along with 3 h aerosol samples. None of the samples...
Hepatitis E viruses (HEV) cause hepatitis E in humans. In industrialized countries, sporadic HEV infections, typically caused by HEV genotypes 3 or 4, can become chronic and progress to liver cirrhosis in immunocompromised individuals. Pigs are a sig...
The gallid alphaherpesvirus 3 (GaAHV3) SB-1, a Mardivirus used as a vaccine against Marek’s disease, has been proposed as an interesting viral vector for poultry vaccination. However, SB-1 is highly transmissible between chickens, a feature tha...
CHIKV infection is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes spp., with Ae. aegypti considered as the primary vector and Ae. Albopictus playing an important role in sustaining outbreaks in Europe. The ECSA-Indian Ocean Lineage (IOL) strain emerged in Reunion,...
Background: The clinical spectrum of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is broad; it can range from asymptomatic cases to mild upper respiratory tract illness, respiratory failure, and severe multiorgan failure res...
TLR7 plays a key role in recognizing viral RNA to initiate an immune response. Sex-based differences in the severity of RSV respiratory infections have been noted, and this may be related to higher expression of X-linked toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) i...
Background/Objectives: Syncope is a common clinical occurrence, with neurally mediated and orthostatic types accounting for about 75% of cases. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear, with recent evidence suggesting autonomic nervous...
Infection of cells with the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) triggers the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). ISGs encode proteins with antiviral functions, such as inhibiting viral replication, promoting cell death of infected cells and en...
Infectious precocity virus (IPV) poses a significant economic threat to the aquaculture industry by causing sexual precocity and slow growth in Macrobrachium rosenbergii. In this study, we conducted an in-depth investigation into the genetic evolutio...
The ROUTINE-COV19 study explores the burden of COVID-19 in Germany during the early endemic phase, assessing disease patterns and their impact on the healthcare system from 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023. Using anonymized statutory health insurance data...
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is a viral illness caused by enterovirus infections. While the introduction of the enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccine has significantly reduced the number of EV71-related cases, the continued spread of Coxsackievirus A...
An exhausted antiviral immune response is observed in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and post-SARS-CoV-2 syndrome, also termed long COVID. In this study, potential mechanisms behind this exhaustion were investigated. Firs...
Background: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains an important pathogen, especially for immunocompromised patients such as solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell recipients. Viral genomic mutations conferring drug resistance are an important impedimen...
The Bunyavirales order includes a range of zoonotic viruses, which can cause severe disease in humans. The viral replication machinery is a logical target for the development of direct-acting antivirals. Inhibition of the cap-snatching endonuclease a...
Structural virology has emerged as the foundation for the development of effective antiviral therapeutics. It is pivotal in providing crucial insights into the three-dimensional frame of viruses and viral proteins at atomic-level or near-atomic-level...
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a devastating disease with near-complete mortality, is caused by the feline coronavirus (FCoV) and affects domestic cats worldwide. Herein, we report the development of a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothe...
In 2011–2013, we isolated and characterized small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) from two flocks, one of goats and the other of sheep, that had never been in direct contact. Phylogenetic analysis of these viruses indicated a common origin, which...
The discovery and design of antiviral agents have gained unprecedented significance due to the emergence of global health threats. The use of synthetic chemistry has enabled the modification of existing molecules and the creation of entirely novel co...
Prompt determination of the etiological agent is important in an outbreak of pathogens with pandemic potential, particularly for dangerous infectious diseases. Molecular genetic methods allow for arriving at an accurate diagnosis, employing timely pr...
The delivery of biomolecules to target cells has been a longstanding challenge in biotechnology. DNA viruses naturally evolved the ability to deliver genetic material to cells and modulate cellular processes. As such, they inherently possess requisit...
This study describes a comparison of the detection of rotavirus in clinical samples from foals using two commercially available rapid antigen detection (RAD) kits, with the detection of rotavirus nucleic acid via a laboratory-based, in-house, real-ti...
To investigate the distribution of hantavirus (HV) in rodent organs, we selected eight counties across four regions in Hebei Province (southern, northern, eastern, and central) as study areas. Rodents were captured using night trapping methods, and o...
Salivary human herpesvirus 6 and/or 7 (HHV-6/7) have recently attracted attention as microbiological markers of physiological fatigue in laborers and athletes. However, the accuracy and efficiency of the HHV-6/7 assays can be improved for practical a...
Background: Cervical cancer is highly prevalent among women in Amazonas, Brazil, mainly due to low screening coverage, and is diagnosed at a late stage, which compromises the treatment efficacy and survival rates. After treatment, recurrence is frequ...
Rotavirus alphagastroenteritidis is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide in young humans and animals. In 2023–2024, a relatively high rotavirus detection rate (34.5%) was detected in children with diarrhea in Caracas. All rotavi...
Drosophila suzukii, commonly known as spotted-wing drosophila, has emerged as a highly destructive pest in global fruit and wine production. The effectiveness of chemical control is significantly compromised by rapid resistance development and a limi...
Bovine ephemeral fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease that affects cattle and buffalo in many regions of the world; it causes heavy economic losses in the cattle industry. To date, all BEFV-specific diagnostic molecular assays have been based on...
Orthobunyaviruses are a diverse group of segmented RNA viruses with significant but underexplored public and veterinary health implications. This study provides a genomic, phylogenetic, and ecological analysis of neglected Orthobunyaviruses using nex...
Background: The Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus linked to “Congenital Zika Syndrome” and a range of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), with microcephaly as the most severe manifestation. Milder NDDs, such as autism spectrum disorders...
The COVID-19 pandemic delayed the consultation of many patients with specialists. We present the case of a 57-year-old patient with HIV infection, COVID-19 pneumonia, and Hodgkin lymphoma. Discordant immunohistochemistry results from biopsy samples d...
Polyomaviruses (PyVs) are non-enveloped double-stranded DNA viruses that can cause significant morbidity in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) recipients, particularly BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) and JC polyomavirus (JCPyV). BKPyV...
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