263 Results Found

With the clear need for better cancer treatment, naturally occurring molecules represent a powerful inspiration. Recently, curcumin has attracted attention for its pleiotropic anticancer activity in vitro, especially against colorectal and prostate c...

The results of the study of the three-component system of CuO–V2O5–Ta2O5 oxides showed, inter alia, that in the air atmosphere in one of its cross-sections, i.e., in the CuV2O6–CuTa2O6 system, a new substitutional solid solution wit...

In 1950, Nash proposed a natural equilibrium solution concept for games hence called Nash equilibrium, and proved that all finite games have at least one. The proof is through a simple yet ingenious application of Brouwer’s (or, in another vers...

This follow-up paper completes the author’s investigations to explore the in-solution structural preferences and relative free energies of all OH-substituted oxazole, thiazole, isoxazole, and isothiazole systems. The polarizable continuum dielectric...

In a deregulated market, energy can be exchanged like a commodity and the market agents including generators, distributors, and the end consumers can trade energy independently settling the price, volume, and the supply terms. Bilateral contracts (BC...

Deferoxamine B is an outstanding molecule which has been widely studied in the past decade for its ability to bind iron and many other metal ions. The versatility of this metal chelator makes it suitable for a number of medicinal and analytical appli...

The development of novel drug delivery systems (DDSs) with promising antibacterial properties is essential for facing the emergency of increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents. The antibacterial features of quercetin and its metal complexes have...

Sulfate-type salt lakes constitute over half of the total salt lakes in China and are rich in rare elements, such as rubidium and cesium. However, the complex interactions between ions make the separation and extraction process quite challenging. To...

Manganese is an abundant element that plays critical roles and is at the reaction center of several enzymes. In order to promote an understanding of the behavior of manganese(II) ion with several aliphatic ligands, in this work, the stability and spe...

Copper(II) complexes of glycyl-L-leucyl-L-histidine (GLH), sarcosyl-L-leucyl-L-histidine (Sar-LH), glycyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-histidine (GFH) and sarcosyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-histidine (Sar-FH) have potential anti-inflammatory activity, which can help to a...

Calcium sulfate exists in three forms, namely dihydrate or gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), anhydrite (CaSO4), and hemihydrate or bassanite (CaSO4·0.5H2O) depending on temperature, pressure, pH, and formation conditions. The formation of calcium su...

The focus of this study was to examine antisolvent effects, which hold significance in particulate processes, such as crystallization and precipitation. In the first section, an experimental investigation revealed that C1–C4 primary alcohols si...

Zrt2 is a zinc transporter of the ZIP family. It is predicted to be located in the plasma membrane and it is essential for Candida albicans zinc uptake and growth at acidic pH. Zrt2 from C. albicans is composed of 370 amino acids and contains eight p...

The complexation behavior of two novel, chiral pinene–bipyridine-type ligands ((–)-HL1 and (–)-HL2) containing a carboxylic arm towards lanthanide Ln(III) (Ln = La, Eu, Lu) ions was investigated through spectroscopic methods. The as...

Caffeic acid (CFA) is one of the various natural antioxidants and chemoprotective agents occurring in the human diet. In addition, its metal complexes play fundamental roles in biological systems. Nevertheless, research on the properties of CFA with...

The dissolution of CO2 in seawater in the form of bicarbonate ions is an attractive alternative to storage in geological formations, on the condition that the storage is stable over long periods and does not harm the marine environment. In this work,...

Receptors capable of binding both positive and negative ions are an important domain of supramolecular chemistry with valuable application potential. A Complete thermodynamic description of the equilibria related to ion pair recognition is beneficial...

We study general classes of discrete time dynamic optimization problems and dynamic games with feedback controls. In such problems, the solution is usually found by using the Bellman or Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation for the value funct...

NaClO3 and NaBrO3 are believed to form a complete solid solution from RT to fusion. The unique solid phase can thus be written: NaClO3(1−x)-NaBrO3(x) with: 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. This study shows that at high temperatures, this statement might be val...

We study a multi-objective finite-horizon game model of renewable, common resource extraction where the players have two separate objectives (one is economic success; the other describes the players’ environmental concern). We derive the cooper...

We study the solution concepts of partial cooperative Cournot-Nash equilibria and partial cooperative Stackelberg equilibria. The partial cooperative Cournot-Nash equilibrium is axiomatically characterized by using notions of rationality, consistency...

Game theory problems have a wide array of applications and intricate structures. Because of this, there are different types of solution concepts available in the literature. In this work, strong Nash equilibria (a type of solution to game theoretic p...

In this paper, we apply the existence of solutions of the Ky Fan minimax inequality to establish the existence of fuzzy strong Nash equilibria in generalized fuzzy games and strong Nash equilibria in fuzzy coalition generalized games. We then show so...

A three-dimensional (3-D) Multi-Layers Method (MLM) of an extension of the axisymmetric version has been developed to compute non-axisymmetric tokamak plasma equilibria with a separatrix. Conventional axisymmetric tokamak control codes cannot simulat...

We explore strong Nash equilibria in the max k-cut game on an undirected and unweighted graph with a set of k colors. Here, the vertices represent players, and the edges denote their relationships. Each player, v, selects a color as its strategy, and...

This study proposes a nonlinear mathematical model of virus transmission. The interaction between viruses and immune cells is investigated using phase-space analysis. Specifically, the work focuses on the dynamics and stability behavior of the mathem...

This work proposes a novel stochastic model describing the propagation dynamics of the hepatitis B virus. The model takes into account numerous disease characteristics, and environmental disturbances were collected using Lévy jumps and the con...

The concept of Nash equilibria in pure strategies for quantum extensions of the general form of the Prisoner’s Dilemma game is investigated. The process of quantization involves incorporating two additional unitary strategies, which effectively...

We investigate the stability of co-existence equilibria for two-species models of facultative mutualism for which birth and death are modeled as separate processes, with possibly distinct types of density dependence, and the mutualistic contributions...

We study a CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Medium Access with Collision Avoidance) wireless network where some stations deviate from the defined contention mechanism. By using Bianchi’s model, we study how this deviation impacts the network throughput a...

In this work, we are devoted to discussing a system of fractional stochastic differential variational inequalities with Lévy jumps (SFSDVI with Lévy jumps), that comprises both parts, that is, a system of stochastic variational inequali...

In this investigation, a three-dimensional (3D) axisymmetric potential well-based nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvester is proposed to increase the broadband frequency response under low-strength planar external excitation. Here, a two-dimensional...

The acid–base equilibria of cetirizine were investigated with and without the presence of differently charged micelle-forming surfactants (anionic, cationic, nonionic). The pKa values were potentiometrically determined at 25 °C and at a con...

This study reports on a phase-space analysis of a mathematical model of tumor growth with the interaction between virus and immune response. In this study, a mathematical determination was attempted to demonstrate the relationship between uninfected...

At all levels of Life, systems evolve on the 'scales of equilibria'. At the level of bacteria, the individual cell must favor one of two opposing strategies and either take risks to grow or avoid risks to survive. It has been proposed in the Dualism...

p-Coumaric acid (p-CoA), a phenolic acid belonging to the hydroxycinnamic acids family, is a compound with tentative anticancer potential. Microelectrophoretic mobility measurements conducted at various pH values of electrolyte solution were applied...

Fear and prey refuges are two significant topics in the ecological community because they are closely associated with the connectivity of natural resources. The effect of fear on prey populations and prey refuges (proportional to both the prey and pr...

Existing thermodynamic descriptions of the whole Cr–Fe–P system are insufficiently accurate for understanding the thermodynamic behavior of the Cr–Fe–P materials during the manufacturing process. To construct a more precise an...

Starch is a common biopolymer that can be used for removing heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. A valuable property of starch is its functional diversity, which can be enhanced by chemical modification. Hydroxyl groups enclosed in the starch and...

The compound 3, which exists in tautomeric equilibria between enamine (form A) and methylene imine (form B), was prepared by addition of ethoxycarbonylmethyl chloride 2 (1.23g, 0.01 mol) to a solution of 3-(ethoxycarbonylmethylene)-2-oxo quinoxaline,...

Microalgae-based biomass has been extensively studied because of its potential to produce several important biochemicals, such as lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and pigments, for the manufacturing of value-added products, such as vitamins, bioactiv...

In continuous dynamical systems, a hidden attractor occurs when its basin of attraction does not connect with small neighborhoods of equilibria. This research aims to investigate the presence of hidden-like attractors in a class of discontinuous syst...

To improve carbon efficiency for an urban logistics service system composed of a third-party logistics service provider (3PL) and an e-business enterprise, a low-carbon operation game between them was studied. Considering low carbon technology invest...

This article is an overview of recent progress on a theory of games, whose payoffs are probability distributions rather than real numbers, and which have their equilibria defined and computed over a (suitably restricted yet dense) set of distribution...

We propose a way of dealing with invasive species or pest control in agriculture. Ecosystems can be modeled via dynamical systems. For their study, it is necessary to establish their possible equilibria. Even a moderately complex system exhibits, in...

This paper applies quantum game theory to three ethical dilemmas that frequently arise in negotiation: cooperation versus competition, self-interest versus equity, and honesty versus deception. Using quantum extensions of selected games such as the P...

Among transition metal carbides and nitrides, zirconium, and hafnium compounds are the most stable and have the highest melting temperatures. Here we review published data on phases and phase equilibria in Hf-Zr-C-N-O system, from experiment and ab i...

In this research work, we suggest two mathematical models that take into account (i) two categories of target cells, CD4+T cells and macrophages, and (ii) two modes of infection transmissions, the direct virus-to-cell (VTC) method and cell-to-cell (C...

For the example of one nonlinear mathematical model in food engineering with several equilibria and stochastic perturbations, a simple criterion for determining a stable or unstable equilibrium is reported. The obtained analytical results are illustr...

We present a Caputo fractional order mathematical model that describes the cellular infection of the Hepatitis B virus and the immune response of the body with Holling type II functional response. We study the existence of unique positive solutions a...