Calcium aluminate cement-based castables were developed in the early 1990s for the metallurgical and petrochemical industries, exhibiting exceptional mechanical resistance when heated over 1000 °C. In typical operation conditions, they withstand...
Metal casting industries generate substantial quantities of spent foundry sand (SFS), a silica- and alumina-rich by-product that remains underutilized, with recycling rates below 30%. This study explores the incorporation of aluminum SFS as a seconda...
The global reliance on coal-fired power generation continues to produce vast quantities of fly ash, exceeding 500 million tons annually, with limited recycling rates. Given its high silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) contents, fly ash represents a pro...
This paper analyses the effect of hollow corundum microspheres (HCM) on both physical-mechanical properties (density, ultrasonic pulse velocity, modulus of elasticity, and compressive strength) and thermal shock resistance behavior of refractory medi...
Developing sustainable ceramic formulations that integrate industrial by-products addresses the high energy and raw material demands of refractory manufacturing while advancing circular economy goals. This study investigates the recycling of chamotte...
This article analyzes the mechanism of the protective layer formation under the action of alkali in a refractory castable when ground quartz sand (GQS) is used as an admixture to produce refractory conventional castables (CC) and medium cement castab...
The current research focuses on the analysis of fly ash cenospheres (FACs), a waste generated in coal-fired power plants, and the possibilities of using them in refractory castables. Cenospheres are micro-scale (~50–400 µm) spherical stru...
Refractory materials containing calcium aluminate cement (CAC) are commonly used in the metallurgical and petrochemical industries due to their exceptional mechanical resistance, even at temperatures exceeding 1000 °C, and do not require addition...
Refractory castables, i.e., refractory aggregates and ultra-fine particle mixtures with calcium aluminate cement (CAC) and deflocculants, were created 40 years ago for the metallurgy and petrochemical industries. These materials demonstrate outstandi...
This study examines the impact of the impregnation of fireclay-based conventional (CC) and medium-cement castables (MCCs) with liquid sodium silicate glass under vacuum conditions. The goal is to assess how this treatment affects the physical and mec...
The hydration of an equimolar mixture of MgO and Al2O3 nano-powders has been proven to be an effective way to synthesize Mg6Al2CO3(OH)16∙4H2O as a component of a nano-structured matrix and magnesia-alumina spinel precursor for high-performance cement...
Colloidal silica is used in many kinds of industry. It is an aqueous dispersion of SiO2 nanoparticles. SiO2 colloidal solutions are commercially available in different concentrations, with different particle sizes and are stabilized with different io...
This study investigated the effect of the CaO/SiO2 mass ratio of steel slag on the corrosion behavior of spinel-forming alumina-based castables with a content of MgO (3–7 wt.%). Equiweight mixtures of castables and slags were calculated by Fact...
In refractory castables during heat treatment, there is a dynamic change from a hydraulic bond to a ceramic bond. During heating, the emission of water takes place; this changes the conditions inside the material to something similar to the hydrother...
Niobium-alumina aggregate fractions with particle sizes up to 3150 µm were produced by crushing pre-synthesised fine-grained composites. Phase separation with niobium enrichment in the aggregate class 45–500 µm was revealed by XRD/Rietveld analysis....
This study investigated the effect of non-prewetted and prewetted cenospheres (CSs) on the hydration course and physical and mechanical properties of refractory castable mixtures incorporated with nano silica (NS). The fixed amount of 0.1% of NS impr...
Colloidal bonds are realized by sol–gel technology. The binder system of the refractory castable belongs to the Al2O3–SiO2 binary diagram. Mullite is the most thermally stable mineral in this system. This work was motivated by an attempt...
Aiming at optimizing properties of alumina-spinel refractory castables, coarse corundum particles were replaced partially with the particles of a novel porous multi-component CMA (CaO-MgO-Al2O3) aggregate in the same size. Properties including the bu...
The corrosion resistance of spinel containing cement bonded castables has been extensively investigated in the past. However, corrosion of no-cement refractory castables (NCC) has not been widely studied since the use of NCC has been relatively limit...
The incorporation of recycled metallurgical slags into refractory materials constitutes a promising approach to enhancing sustainability in the refractory industry. This study investigates the effect of vanadium-bearing slag aggregates as partial rep...
Corrosion is one of the most common wear mechanisms of refractories. Corrosive attacks lead to chemical and microstructural changes. Hot corrosion compromises chemical and/or physical interactions. Thus, the process is complex and not yet fully under...
Aluminum dross is a well-known industrial waste generated in the aluminium industry, and its recycling and reuse is still a worldwide issue. Herein, aluminum dross waste (ADW) was recycled to progressively replace the aggregate fraction of clay at 70...
Graphite flakes are commonly used to fabricate carbon-based refractories owing to their superior properties, including better corrosion resistance and thermal shock resistance (TSR); unfortunately, their insufficient water-wettability has remarkably...
Refractory monolithics for steel ladle linings are typically products with low porosities and high bulk densities. They achieve high temperature, penetration, and corrosion resistance. Despite the high density of these products, which is due to the l...
The present study provides the mechanical properties of a new generation of refractory composites based on coarse-grained Al2O3 ceramic and the refractory metals Nb and Ta. The materials were manufactured by refractory castable technology and subsequ...
Research on raw materials for Al2O3-SiC-C refractory castables used in blast furnace troughs is relatively well established. However, gaps remain in both laboratory and industrial trials concerning the performance of castables incorporating SiC-modif...
The present project investigated the thermal stability of cold-setting refractory composites under high-temperature cycles. The proposed route dealt with the feasibility of using fillers with different particle sizes and studying their influence on t...
V-Nb-Mo-Ta-W high-entropy alloy (HEA), one of the refractory HEAs, is considered as a next-generation structural material for ultra-high temperature uses. Refractory HEAs have low castability and machinability due to their high melting temperature an...
X-ray computed tomography (XRT) has gradually established its position as a non-destructive and, therefore, reproducible three-dimensional (3D) investigation technique, allowing for material- and geometry-independent applications. In the context of t...
This article presents a review of the composition optimization progress of nickel-based single crystal (SC) superalloy design in recent years in order to obtain better high-temperature performance for the development of the aviation industry. The inf...
In this paper, the effect of a sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) addition on the dispersion and hydration of pure calcium aluminate cement (PCAC) was investigated, and the corresponding mechanism of effect was studied. The effects of STPP on the dispers...
The bottom brick is a critical component of float glass furnace tin baths, serving under harsh conditions including high temperature, tin penetration, hydrogen diffusion and alkali attack. Traditional flint clay-based bottom bricks suffer from high p...
Colloidal silica-bonded castables offer several advantages compared to traditional calcium aluminate cement (CAC)-bonded castables, including lower torque values during mixing, superior drying properties, and a lower CaO content. Nevertheless, inform...