18 June 2022
Studies of the aftermath of nuclear power plant accidents show that affected citizens assess higher risks and adopt more risk-avoidant behaviors than authorities expect. This results in differences between the planned recovery and actual outcomes. Ba...
23 June 2022
The potential devastation that a nuclear accident can cause to public health and the surrounding environment demands robust emergency preparedness. This includes gaining a greater knowledge of citizens’ needs in situations involving radiation r...
Four severe nuclear accident scenarios have been identified for operating nuclear power plants (ONPPs). However, there is a research gap in predicting the mid–long-term radiation doses for these scenarios. This study aims to address this gap by...
26 July 2018
Evaluation of radiation exposure from diet is necessary under the assumption of a virtual accident as a part of emergency preparedness. Here, we developed a model with complete consideration of the regional food trade using deposition data simulated...
A Lagrangian model which simulates the transport of radionuclides released from nuclear accidents in the western Mediterranean Sea was recently described. This model was developed in spherical coordinates and includes three-dimensional mixing due to...
A multi-unit nuclear accident is an accident that damages the nuclear core and occurs in multiple units simultaneously in a nuclear power plant. Its massive consequences have triggered extensive studies on accident prevention and mitigation. In this...
During nuclear accidents, decision-makers need to handle considerable data to take appropriate protective actions to protect people and the environment from radioactive material release. In such scenarios, machine learning can be an essential tool in...
Zirconium-based alloys have served the nuclear industry for several decades due to their acceptable properties for nuclear cores of light water reactors (LWRs). However, severe accidents in LWRs have directed research and development of accident tole...
In large systems, such as nuclear power plants, the operator’s situation awareness is vital to the system’s safety. Since gaze movement is closely related to situation awareness, various studies have evaluated it through gaze movement. The number of...
Marine reactors have been applied to floating nuclear power plants, naval vessels such as submarines, and civilian ships such as icebreakers. Nuclear-powered shipping is gaining increased interest because of decarbonization goals motivated by climate...
In the last decade, the development of more compact and lightweight radiation detection systems led to their application in handheld and small unmanned systems, particularly air-based platforms. Examples of improvements are: the use of silicon photom...
In this paper, a nuclear accident emergency response system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and bus collaboration is designed for radiation field estimation and evacuation. When a nuclear accident occurs, the radiation field is estimated fir...
We performed a hydrogen combustion analysis in the Advanced Power Reactor 1400 MWe (APR1400) containment during a severe accident initiated by a small break loss of coolant accident (SBLOCA) which occurred at a lower part of the cold leg using a mult...
Airborne iodine-131 plays a pivotal role in both nuclear medicine and nuclear safety due to its radiotoxicity, volatility, and affinity for the thyroid gland. Although the total exhaled activity after medical I-131 therapy is minimal, over 95% of thi...
This study is a preliminary and experimental one to analyze Japan’s energy transitions to mitigate climate change from anticipatory governance aspects. Japan’s energy policy principles have been energy security, environmental consideratio...
In order to meet the growing energy demand, more environmentally friendly and efficient GEN-IV reactors have emerged. Additionally, nuclear structural materials need larger more safety margins for accident scenarios as a result of the Fukushima accid...
During severe nuclear accidents, radioactive materials are expected to be released into the atmosphere. Estimating the source term plays a significant role in assessing the consequences of an accident to assist in actioning a proper emergency respons...
Severe nuclear accidents can cause over-pressurization and serious damage to the containment of a nuclear power plant, which can result in the release of radioactivity into the environment. Filtered containment venting systems are a nuclear safety sy...
During severe accidents in light-water nuclear reactors, the release of hydrogen poses significant risks to the integrity of the containment and the surrounding infrastructure. To address this, passive autocatalytic re-combiners (PARs) have been adop...
The advanced thermal-hydraulic test loop for accident simulation (ATLAS) was developed and operated at The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. The ATLAS is operated to simulate accidents in pressurized water reactors (PWRs). A domestic standard p...
Since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011, the technology available for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for radiation monitoring has improved greatly. Remote access to radiation-contaminated areas not only eliminates unne...
The estimation of radioactivity release following an accident in a nuclear power plant is crucial due to its short and long-term impacts on the surrounding population and the environment. In the case of any accidental release, the activity needs to b...
The OECD/NEA Spent Fuel Pool (SFP) project was conducted to investigate consequences of spent nuclear fuel pool accident scenarios. From the project, it was observed that cladding temperature could abruptly increase at a certain point and the claddin...
This research explores Dynamic Probabilistic Risk Assessment (DPRA) using EMRALD to evaluate the reliability and safety of passive safety systems in nuclear reactors, with a focus on mitigating Loss of Coolant Accidents (LOCAs). The BWRX-300 Small Mo...
The steel liner plays a key role in ensuring the leak-tightness of nuclear containment structures (NCSs). Once the liner is subjected to corrosion, its corrosion effects can severely impact the leak-tight function of the NCS, especially in severe acc...
9 March 2018
Significant differences in findings were seen between the intake amounts of iodine-131 that were derived from direct measurements and the estimated intake from environmental monitoring data at the Fukushima accident. To clarify these discrepancies, w...
Planning for integrated nuclear waste management (INWM) entails consideration of all generated waste from energy generation, nuclear fuel cycle and institutional facilities as well as waste from decommissioning and remediation of nuclear facilities,...
Human populations and natural ecosystems are bound to be exposed to ionizing radiation from the deposition of artificial radionuclides resulting from nuclear accidents, nuclear devices or radiological dispersive devices (“dirty bombs”). On the other...
U3Si2 is a long term, accident-tolerant nuclear fuel candidate for light-water reactors because of its superior thermal conductivity and increased uranium density when compared to traditional uranium dioxide (UO2). While reducing internal thermal str...
Numerical simulations of atmospheric dispersion and dose assessment were performed for the Jordan Research and Training Reactor (JRTR) to evaluate its radiological effects on surrounding population and the environment. A three-dimensional atmospheric...
Following the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, there has been an increased focus on risk assessment and the practical application of its findings to safety enhancement. In particular, dynamic probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) used in conjunctio...
A nuclear fission-based energy system is described that is capable of supplying the energy needs of all of human civilization for a full range of human energy use scenarios, including both very high rates of energy use and strikingly-large amounts of...
This study provides a simulation of groundwater flow and advective-dispersive migration of radioactive Co-60 through an aquifer with three layers, which release or leak to groundwater from the Active Metallurgy Testing Laboratory (LAMA) Nuclear Facil...
Nuclear fuel cladding serves as the primary barrier to the release of radioactive fission products and is subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure environments during both normal reactor operation and accident scenarios such as loss of coolant...
As the global energy demand continues to grow and the pursuit of clean and sustainable resources intensifies, nuclear energy stands out as a secure, reliable, and low-emission solution. The complexity of nuclear power plant behavior under various ope...
The flashing phenomenon is relevant to nuclear safety analysis, for example by a loss of coolant accident and safety release scenarios. It has been studied intensively by means of experiments and simulations with system codes, but computational fluid...
For multi-modular nuclear power plants under the scheme of multiple nuclear steam supply system (NSSS) modules driving a single steam turbine, the NSSS modules are coupled tightly with each other by the common turbine, giving more complex normal oper...
A systematic probabilistic safety assessment for a boiling water nuclear reactor core is performed using fault trees and event trees analysis models. Based on a survey of the BWR’s safety systems against potential hazards, eight independent failure m...
In the case of a severe accident, natural convection plays an important role in the atmosphere mixing of nuclear reactor containments. In this case, the natural convection might not in the steady-state condition. Hence, instead of steady-state simula...
The Republic of Korea also suffered direct and indirect damages from the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan and realized the significance of security due to the cyber-threat to the Republic of Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. With such matter...
Safety in nuclear energy utilization is crucial. In the event of a radioactive release incident, coupled with meteorological uncertainties, a radioactive plume can impact personnel evacuation. This paper presents an integrated solution for radionucli...
This paper conducts a focused probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) on the reliability of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) drones deployed for surveillance in areas with diverse radiation levels following a nuclear accident. The study employs the event...
Gas–liquid two-phase countercurrent flow limitation (CCFL) phenomena widely exist in nuclear power plants. In particular, the gas–liquid countercurrent flow limitation phenomena in a pressurized water reactor (PWR) during a loss-of-coolan...
As the applications of hydrogen as a replacement for fossil fuels and energy storage increase, more concerns have been raised regarding its safe usage. Hydrogen’s extreme physical properties—its lower flammability limit (LFL), for instanc...
The RELAP5 code is a computational tool designed for transient simulations of light water reactor coolant systems under hypothesized accident conditions. The original wall drag partition model in the RELAP5 code has a problem in that the bubble veloc...
20 October 2020
After the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi accident, demands regarding nursing staff’s management of nuclear disasters have increased. This study aimed to evaluate a basic training program to teach undergraduate nursing students on how to deal with publi...
This study addresses the optimization of the location of a radioactive-particle sensor on a drone. Based on the analysis of the physical process and of the boundary conditions introduced in the model, computational fluid dynamics simulations were per...
Based on lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident caused by the 2011 off the Pacific coast Tohoku Earthquake, and the subsequent tsunamis, Japanese utilities have been upgrading their tsunami countermeasures. To underst...
The present work deals with simulations carried out at the University of Pisa by using the System Thermal Hydraulics code RELAP5/Mod3.3 to support the experimental campaign conducted at the ENEA (Energia Nucleare ed Energie Alternative) Brasimone Res...
Dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) represent complex time-dependent causal relationships through the use of conditional probabilities and directed acyclic graph models. DBNs enable the forward and backward inference of system states, diagnosing current...
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