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  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,435 Views
20 Pages

Threat Detection Model for WLAN of Simulated Data Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network

  • Omar I. Dallal Bashi,
  • Shymaa Mohammed Jameel,
  • Yasir Mahmood Al Kubaisi,
  • Husamuldeen K. Hameed and
  • Ahmad H. Sabry

23 October 2023

Security identification solutions against WLAN network attacks according to straightforward digital detectors, such as SSID, IP addresses, and MAC addresses, are not efficient in identifying such hacking or router impersonation. These detectors can b...

(This article belongs to the Section Computing and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
4,654 Views
22 Pages

SE-CPPA: A Secure and Efficient Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

  • Mahmood A. Al-Shareeda,
  • Mohammed Anbar,
  • Selvakumar Manickam and
  • Iznan H. Hasbullah

8 December 2021

Communications between nodes in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are inherently vulnerable to security attacks, which may mean disruption to the system. Therefore, the security and privacy issues in VANETs are entitled to be the most important. To...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
1,677 Views
21 Pages

In a distributed wireless sensor network (DWSN), sensors continuously perceive the environment, collect data, and transmit it to remote users through the network so as to realize real-time monitoring of the environment or specific targets. However, g...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Distributed/Parallel Computing Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,617 Views
37 Pages

Authenticated Multicast in Tiny Networks via an Extremely Low-Bandwidth Medium

  • Mirosław Kutyłowski,
  • Adrian Cinal,
  • Przemysław Kubiak and
  • Denys Korniienko

6 September 2024

We consider authenticating multicast messages in the case of extremely narrow communication channels, such as underwater acoustic communication, with devices such as mobile sensors creating a self-organizing autonomous network. Channel characteristic...

(This article belongs to the Section Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
473 Views
20 Pages

17 September 2026

This article examines authority impersonation as a structured mechanism of digital victimization through an in-depth qualitative case study of a Vietnamese transnational cyber fraud network. Drawing on a pseudonymized criminal judgment concerning the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cybercrime and Digital Victimization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
8,085 Views
20 Pages

Security in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Cryptography Performance Analysis at MAC Layer

  • Mauro Tropea,
  • Mattia Giovanni Spina,
  • Floriano De Rango and
  • Antonio Francesco Gentile

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are networks of small devices with limited resources which are able to collect different information for a variety of purposes. Energy and security play a key role in these networks and MAC aspects are fundamental in t...

(This article belongs to the Section Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,802 Views
16 Pages

16 October 2021

Vinoth et al. proposed an authenticated key agreement scheme for industrial IoT (Internet of Things) applications. Vinoth et al.’s scheme aimed to protect the remote sensing data of industrial IoT devices under hostile environments. The scheme is int...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Special issue on Symmetry and Asymmetry in IoT and CPS Security and Privacy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
86 Citations
5,599 Views
24 Pages

25 April 2017

User authentication in wireless sensor networks is more difficult than in traditional networks owing to sensor network characteristics such as unreliable communication, limited resources, and unattended operation. For these reasons, various authentic...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for Home Automation and Security)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,998 Views
17 Pages

4 December 2022

Impersonation-based attacks on wireless networks are easy to perform and can significantly impact network security. Their detection is problematic due to the attacks utilizing legitimate functions. This paper proposes a novel algorithm based on Obser...

(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
73 Citations
7,579 Views
20 Pages

19 December 2017

As an essential part of Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have touched every aspect of our lives, such as health monitoring, environmental monitoring and traffic monitoring. However, due to its openness, wireless sensor networ...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Security, Trust and Privacy for Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,506 Views
14 Pages

Securing the Insecure: A First-Line-of-Defense for Body-Centric Nanoscale Communication Systems Operating in THz Band

  • Waqas Aman,
  • Muhammad Mahboob Ur Rahman,
  • Hasan T. Abbas,
  • Muhammad Arslan Khalid,
  • Muhammad A. Imran,
  • Akram Alomainy and
  • Qammer H. Abbasi

19 May 2021

This manuscript presents a novel mechanism (at the physical layer) for authentication and transmitter identification in a body-centric nanoscale communication system operating in the terahertz (THz) band. The unique characteristics of the propagation...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Body-Centric Sensors for the Internet of Things)
  • Article
  • Open Access
64 Citations
6,733 Views
25 Pages

Secure Three-Factor Authentication Protocol for Multi-Gateway IoT Environments

  • JoonYoung Lee,
  • SungJin Yu,
  • KiSung Park,
  • YoHan Park and
  • YoungHo Park

22 May 2019

Internet of Things (IoT) environments such as smart homes, smart factories, and smart buildings have become a part of our lives. The services of IoT environments are provided through wireless networks to legal users. However, the wireless network is...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging IoT Technologies for Smart Environments)
  • Article
  • Open Access
943 Views
22 Pages

A Two-Stage Hybrid Intrusion Detection System for CAN Bus Based on Statistical Thresholds and Random Forest Classifiers

  • Luis Ferreira,
  • Rafael Abreu,
  • Frederico Branco,
  • Manuel J. C. S. Reis,
  • Carlos Serôdio and
  • António Valente

This study proposes a two-stage Intrusion Detection System (IDS) for Controller Area Networks (CAN) that leverages protocol-specific timing characteristics. Modern vehicular networks are vulnerable to injection attacks due to the CAN protocol’s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computer Networking Security and Privacy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,612 Views
14 Pages

Improvement and Cryptanalysis of a Physically Unclonable Functions Based Authentication Scheme for Smart Grids

  • Masoumeh Safkhani,
  • Nasour Bagheri,
  • Saqib Ali,
  • Mazhar Hussain Malik,
  • Omed Hassan Ahmed,
  • Mehdi Hosseinzadeh and
  • Amir H. Mosavi

23 December 2022

Authentication protocols are often used in smart grids to deliver the necessary level of security. A huge number of clients in such a system, however, provides the attacker with the ability to clone them, for example. Device fingerprints, or Physical...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,436 Views
19 Pages

11 January 2026

Impersonation attacks causing online fraud are a growing challenge for digital services, demanding the integration of biometric and behavioral factors into traditional authentication methods. Behavioral impersonation detection during online sessions...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
61 Citations
7,255 Views
14 Pages

30 November 2015

Key agreements that use only password authentication are convenient in communication networks, but these key agreement schemes often fail to resist possible attacks, and therefore provide poor security compared with some other authentication schemes....

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
42 Citations
6,597 Views
19 Pages

A Multi-Server Two-Factor Authentication Scheme with Un-Traceability Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography

  • Guosheng Xu,
  • Shuming Qiu,
  • Haseeb Ahmad,
  • Guoai Xu,
  • Yanhui Guo,
  • Miao Zhang and
  • Hong Xu

23 July 2018

To provide secure communication, the authentication-and-key-agreement scheme plays a vital role in multi-server environments, Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSNs), etc. This scheme enables users and servers to negotiate for a com...

(This article belongs to the Section Internet of Things)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,725 Views
15 Pages

A Multiple End-Devices Authentication Scheme for LoRaWAN

  • Chun-I Fan,
  • Er-Shuo Zhuang,
  • Arijit Karati and
  • Chun-Hui Su

With the advancement of the Internet of Things, the LoRa Alliance produced the Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN) Specification, allowing end-devices to transit through a gateway and join the LoRa network after completing a join procedure. When a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Security Challenges and Opportunities of Mobile System/5G/Internet of Things (IoT) Scenarios)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
81 Citations
5,810 Views
15 Pages

2 July 2018

The advancement of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) have led to significant progress in medical and health care systems. However, such networks still suffer from major security and privacy threats, especially for the data collected in medical or he...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Wireless Devices)
  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,673 Views
17 Pages

Provably Secure ECC-Based Anonymous Authentication and Key Agreement for IoT

  • Shunfang Hu,
  • Shaoping Jiang,
  • Qing Miao,
  • Fan Yang,
  • Weihong Zhou and
  • Peng Duan

10 April 2024

With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT), maintaining data confidentiality and protecting user privacy have become increasingly challenging. End devices in the IoT are often deployed in unattended environments and connected to open networks, mak...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Challenges in the Next-Generation Internet of Things (IoT))
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,145 Views
39 Pages

22 September 2025

Phishing, especially brand impersonation attacks, is a critical cybersecurity threat that harms user trust and organization security. This paper establishes a lightweight model for real-time detection that relies on URL-only sequences, addressing lim...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies for Network Security and Anomaly Detection)
  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
4,137 Views
15 Pages

24 October 2019

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are of prominent use in unmanned surveillance applications. This peculiar trait of WSNs is actually the underlying technology of various applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) such as smart homes, smart cities, s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Security and Privacy Techniques in IoT Environment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,656 Views
22 Pages

30 July 2024

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS)-assisted Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) communications face a critical security threat from impersonation attacks, where adversaries impersonate legitimate entities to infiltrate networks to obtain private data...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical-Layer Security in Drone Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
5,486 Views
16 Pages

Fusion of Neuro-Signals and Dynamic Signatures for Person Authentication

  • Pradeep Kumar,
  • Rajkumar Saini,
  • Barjinder Kaur,
  • Partha Pratim Roy and
  • Erik Scheme

28 October 2019

Many biometric systems based on physiological traits such as ones facial characteristics, iris, and fingerprint have been developed for authentication purposes. Such security systems, however, commonly suffer from impersonation attacks such as obfusc...

(This article belongs to the Section Biomedical Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
7,341 Views
38 Pages

30 October 2017

To improve the quality of service and reduce the possibility of security attacks, a secure and efficient user authentication mechanism is required for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (IoT). Session key establishment between...

(This article belongs to the Section Information and Communications Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,369 Views
28 Pages

Wireless medical sensor networks (WMSNs) have evolved alongside the development of communication systems, and the integration of cloud computing has enabled scalable and efficient medical data management. However, since the messages in WMSNs are tran...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends in Information Systems and Security)
  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
5,115 Views
22 Pages

Toward Secure and Resilient Networks: A Zero-Trust Security Framework with Quantum Fingerprinting for Devices Accessing Network

  • Bassfar Zaid,
  • Ashar Sayeed,
  • Priti Bala,
  • Ali Alshehri,
  • Abdulaziz Mohammed Alanazi and
  • Swaleha Zubair

10 June 2023

The importance of network security has increased with the emergence of networked systems in contemporary computing, making it an essential aspect of protecting digital assets and safeguarding against cyber threats. The current security mechanisms, wh...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Complex Networks and Their Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
4,904 Views
16 Pages

Secure and Efficient Three-Factor Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

  • Jihyeon Ryu,
  • Hakjun Lee,
  • Hyoungshick Kim and
  • Dongho Won

18 December 2018

Wireless sensor networks are widely used in many applications such as environmental monitoring, health care, smart grid and surveillance. Many security protocols have been proposed and intensively studied due to the inherent nature of wireless networ...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,410 Views
16 Pages

3 April 2019

The current advances in cloud-based services have significantly enhanced individual satisfaction in numerous modern life areas. Particularly, the recent spectacular innovations in the wireless body area networks (WBAN) domain have made e-Care service...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensor Technologies for Smart Industry and Smart Infrastructure)
  • Article
  • Open Access
63 Citations
6,343 Views
15 Pages

An Efficient Authentication Scheme Using Blockchain as a Certificate Authority for the Internet of Drones

  • Sana Javed,
  • Muhammad Asghar Khan,
  • Ako Muhammad Abdullah,
  • Amjad Alsirhani,
  • Abdullah Alomari,
  • Fazal Noor and
  • Insaf Ullah

20 September 2022

The Internet of Drones (IoD) has recently gained popularity in several military, commercial, and civilian applications due to its unique characteristics, such as high mobility, three-dimensional (3D) movement, and ease of deployment. Drones, on the o...

(This article belongs to the Section Drone Communications)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,116 Views
28 Pages

12 February 2026

Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs) formed by cooperative Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) require formally proven secure and resource-efficient authentication because open wireless channels allow active adversaries to inject commands, replay traffic, and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensor Network: Latest Advances and Prospects)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,880 Views
44 Pages

Continuous Authentication in Resource-Constrained Devices via Biometric and Environmental Fusion

  • Nida Zeeshan,
  • Makhabbat Bakyt,
  • Naghmeh Moradpoor and
  • Luigi La Spada

12 September 2025

Continuous authentication allows devices to keep checking that the active user is still the rightful owner instead of relying on a single login. However, current methods can be tricked by forging faces, revealing personal data, or draining the batter...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,103 Views
21 Pages

4 December 2023

In the context of the Internet of Things (IoT), location-based applications have introduced new challenges in terms of location spoofing. With an open and shared wireless medium, a malicious spoofer can impersonate active devices, gain access to the...

(This article belongs to the Section Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
110 Citations
9,201 Views
27 Pages

Secure Trust-Based Blockchain Architecture to Prevent Attacks in VANET

  • Adnan Shahid Khan,
  • Kuhanraj Balan,
  • Yasir Javed,
  • Seleviawati Tarmizi and
  • Johari Abdullah

14 November 2019

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) are also known as intelligent transportation systems. VANET ensures timely and accurate communications between vehicle to vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) to improve road safety and enhance the effic...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
7,194 Views
21 Pages

Online Behavioural Advertising (OBA) enables promotion companies to effectively target users with ads that best satisfy their purchasing needs. This is highly beneficial for both vendors and publishers who are the owners of the advertising platforms,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
8,914 Views
24 Pages

11 February 2014

Robust security is highly coveted in real wireless sensor network (WSN) applications since wireless sensors’ sense critical data from the application environment. This article presents an efficient and adaptive mutual authentication framework that s...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,055 Views
25 Pages

An Efficient Framework for Secure Communication in Internet of Drone Networks Using Deep Computing

  • Vivek Kumar Pandey,
  • Shiv Prakash,
  • Aditya Ranjan,
  • Sudhanshu Kumar Jha,
  • Xin Liu and
  • Rajkumar Singh Rathore

The rapid deployment of the Internet of Drones (IoD) across different fields has brought forth enormous security threats in real-time data communication. To overcome authentication vulnerabilities, this paper introduces a secure lightweight framework...

(This article belongs to the Collection Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Drone Design)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,259 Views
22 Pages

7 April 2021

With the increasing number of users and the emergence of different types of network services, a multi-server architecture has emerged in recent years. In order to ensure the secure communication of Internet participants in an open network environment...

(This article belongs to the Section E1: Mathematics and Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,684 Views
24 Pages

Adaptive User Profiling in E-Commerce and Administration of Public Services

  • Kleanthis G. Gatziolis,
  • Nikolaos D. Tselikas and
  • Ioannis D. Moscholios

The World Wide Web is evolving rapidly, and the Internet is now accessible to millions of users, providing them with the means to access a wealth of information, entertainment and e-commerce opportunities. Web browsing is largely impersonal and anony...

(This article belongs to the Section Smart System Infrastructure and Applications)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,003 Views
7 Pages

Personal Social Network Profile Authentication through Image Steganography

  • Subhadip Mukherjee,
  • Somnath Mukhopadhyay and
  • Sunita Sarkar

15 December 2023

In the era of digital communication and social networking, the authenticity and integrity of personal social network profiles have become crucial for establishing trust and ensuring secure interactions. Existing methods often suffer from vulnerabilit...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,616 Views
22 Pages

29 October 2018

Heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSNs) are employed in many real-time applications, such as Internet of sensors (IoS), Internet of vehicles (IoV), healthcare monitoring, and so on. As wireless sensor nodes have constrained computing, storage...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
61 Citations
5,859 Views
17 Pages

18 January 2023

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is used in the medical ecosystem through medical IoT sensors, such as blood glucose, heart rate, temperature, and pulse sensors. To maintain a secure sensor network and a stable IoMT environment, it is important...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data and Privacy Management in Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
88 Citations
8,512 Views
20 Pages

9 April 2014

User authentication and key management are two important security issues in WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks). In WSNs, for some applications, the user needs to obtain real-time data directly from sensors and several user authentication schemes have be...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
119 Citations
30,332 Views
16 Pages

Detecting Phishing Domains Using Machine Learning

  • Shouq Alnemari and
  • Majid Alshammari

7 April 2023

Phishing is an online threat where an attacker impersonates an authentic and trustworthy organization to obtain sensitive information from a victim. One example of such is trolling, which has long been considered a problem. However, recent advances i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,271 Views
19 Pages

Autonomous Mutual Authentication Protocol in the Edge Networks

  • Ruey-Kai Sheu,
  • Mayuresh Sunil Pardeshi and
  • Lun-Chi Chen

8 October 2022

A distinct security protocol is necessary for the exponential growth in intelligent edge devices. In particular, the autonomous devices need to address significant security concern to function smoothly in the high market demand. Nevertheless, exponen...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Edge/Fog Computing Technologies for IoT Infrastructure II)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,316 Views
17 Pages

Ethernet Passive Mutual Authentication Scheme on Quantum Networks

  • Jianuo Tian,
  • Panke Qin,
  • Zongqu Zhao and
  • Baodong Qin

27 January 2025

In the context of increasing demand for secure and efficient communication networks, addressing the issue of mutual authentication in ethernet passive optical networks (EPONs) has become both valuable and practically significant. This paper proposes...

(This article belongs to the Section Quantum Information)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
8,920 Views
22 Pages

LightFakeDetect: A Lightweight Model for Deepfake Detection in Videos That Focuses on Facial Regions

  • Sarab AlMuhaideb,
  • Hessa Alshaya,
  • Layan Almutairi,
  • Danah Alomran and
  • Sarah Turki Alhamed

25 September 2025

In recent years, the proliferation of forged videos, known as deepfakes, has escalated significantly, primarily due to advancements in technologies such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), diffusion models, and Vision Language Models (VLMs). T...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Image Processing and Generation, Pattern Recognition, and Data Visualization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,028 Views
17 Pages

30 January 2021

Visual dialog demonstrates several important aspects of multimodal artificial intelligence; however, it is hindered by visual grounding and visual coreference resolution problems. To overcome these problems, we propose the novel neural module network...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human-Computer Interaction in Smart Environments)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
8,621 Views
20 Pages

The edge devices connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructures are increasingly susceptible to piracy. These pirated edge devices pose a serious threat to security, as an adversary can get access to the private network through these non-a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Hardware Security)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,123 Views
38 Pages

3 August 2023

There are many security challenges in IoT, especially related to the authentication of restricted devices in long-distance and low-throughput networks. Problems such as impersonation, privacy issues, and excessive battery usage are some of the existi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in IoT Privacy, Security and Applications)

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