8,051 Results Found

Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that is the causative agent of amoebiasis. This parasite has caused widespread infection in India, Africa, Mexico, and Central and South America, and results in 100,000 deaths yearly. An immune response i...

Layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly technology has become a new research hotspot in the fabrication of nanofiltration membranes in recent years. However, there is a lack of a systematic approach for the assessment of influencing factors during the mem...

The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) plays an important role in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance. Typically, the structure comprises of a polymer electrolyte membrane sandwiched by agglomerate catalyst layers at the anode a...

Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane materials play a key role in determining energy consumption. Currently, CTA is regarded as having one of the highest degrees of chlorine resistance among materials in the RO process. The hollow fiber membrane has the adv...

The wind-induced responses and wind-resistant design method of spherical inflatable membrane structures are presented in this paper. Based on the wind pressure data obtained from wind tunnel experiments, the characteristics of wind-induced responses...

Membrane fouling is a major hindrance to widespread wastewater treatment applications. This study optimizes operating parameters in membrane rotating biological contactors (MRBC) for maximized membrane fouling through Response Surface Methodology (RS...

The wide abuse of antibiotics has accelerated bacterial multiresistance, which means there is a need to develop tools for rapid detection and characterization of bacterial response to antibiotics in the management of infections. In the study, an elec...

In this paper, the response surface methodology (RSM) was proposed for studying the synergistic extraction of chromium(III) ions by double-carrier supported liquid membrane (DCSLM) with organophosphorus carriers (D2EHPA/Cyanex272). At first, the opti...

Wind tunnel tests and numerical simulations are the mainstream methods to study the wind-induced vibration of structures. However, few articles use statistical parameters to point out the differences and errors of these two research methods in explor...

Implementing compressed air energy storage (CAES) in lined caverns provides a promising technical solution for large-scale energy storage, and the reasonable selection of sealing materials is essential for its success. Flexible membrane materials inc...

Cold stress is one of the major factors limiting global crop production. For survival at low temperatures, plants need to sense temperature changes in the surrounding environment. How plants sense and respond to the earliest drop in temperature is st...

In the present work, a novel mixed matrix cation exchange membrane composed of sulfonated polyether sulfone (SPES), N-phthaloyl chitosan (NPHCs) and MIL-101(Fe) was synthesized using response surface methodology (RSM). The electrochemical and physica...

Composite membranes with stimuli-responsive properties can be made by coating a thermo-responsive hydrogel onto a micro- or macroporous support. These hydrogels undergo a temperature induced volume-phase transition, which contributes towards the comp...

At the beginning of the 21st century, it became obvious that radical changes had taken place in the concept of living matter and, in particular, in the concept of the organization of intracellular space. The accumulated data testify to the essential...

This paper presents an improved artificial neural network (ANN) training using response surface methodology (RSM) optimization for membrane flux prediction. The improved ANN utilizes the design of experiment (DoE) technique to determine the neural ne...

The world faces the challenge of producing a sufficient amount of food for the constantly growing human population in a sustainable manner. It means the usage of pesticides and fertilizers with minimized adverse effects on the environment and the wid...

A large amount of wastewater is directly discharged into water bodies without treatment, causing surface water contamination. A rotating biological contactor (RBC) is an attached biological wastewater treatment process that offers a low energy footpr...

Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the most detected bacteria in persistent apical periodontitis (PAP), with alkaline tolerance enabling post-treatment survival. In this study, we will investigate how alkaline conditions alter proteomic an...

This research aimed to investigate the ultrafiltration of water from emulsified oily wastewater through the application of surface-functionalized ceramic membrane to enhance its water permeability based on optimized parameters using a cross-flow filt...

Polysulfone (PSF) and smart polymers (SRPs)—including polyacrylic acid (AAc), poly N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA), and sulfonated poly(1,4-phenylene ether-ether-sulfone) (SPEES)—were used in the synthesis of responsive membranes (PSF-SRP) f...

A 248 nm KrF excimer laser can be used to manufacture temperature and pH-responsive polymer-based membranes for controlled transport applications. This is done by a two-step approach. In the first step, well-defined/shaped and orderly pores are creat...

An electrochemical flow cell with Nafion 212, aqueous LiI/I 2 redox solution, and carbon paper electrode was operated as an electro-osmotic gate based on the Electrokinetic Energy Conversion (EKEC) principle. The gate was operated in differen...

Temperature-responsive separation membranes can significantly change their permeability and separation properties in response to changes in their surrounding temperature, improving efficiency and reducing membrane costs. This study focuses on the mod...

Membrane separation technology can be operated in moderate conditions with low energy consumption and has been widely explored and increasingly applied in the water treatment, food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. As an upgraded counterpart,...

Stomata in the plant leaves are channels for gas exchange between the plants and the atmosphere. The gas exchange rate can be regulated by adjusting the opening and closing of stoma under the external stimuli, which plays a vital role in plant surviv...

Access to clean water remains a critical global challenge, exacerbated by population growth, industrial activity, and climate change. In response, this study presents the development and characterization of thermo-responsive and salt-adaptive ultrafi...

A pH-responsive membrane is expected to be used for applications such as drug delivery, controlling chemical release, bioprocessing, and water treatment. Polyacrylic acid (PAA) is a pH-responsive polymer that swells at high pH. A tubular α-alum...

An optimization of the composition of polymer inclusion membrane (PIM)-based optodes, and their exposure times to metal ion solutions (Hg(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II)) was performed using two different chromophores, diphenylthiocarbazone (dithizone) and 1...

Salinity is one of the most decisive environmental factors threatening the productivity of crop plants. Understanding the mechanisms of plant salt tolerance is critical to be able to maintain or improve crop yield under these adverse environmental co...

In this work, we have developed a method for the preparation of pH-responsive track-etched membranes (TeMs) based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) with pore diameters of 2.0 ± 0.1 μm of cylindrical shape by RAFT block copolymerization of styrene...

This paper investigates the vibration characteristics of tensioned umbrella-shaped membrane structures with complex curvature under heavy rainfall. To solve the geometrical problem of the complex curvature of a membrane surface, we set the rule of se...

Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) has recently gained interest as a promising tool for treatment response evaluation in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We performed a systematic review...

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) was introduced into a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nonwoven fabric to develop novel support for polyamide (PA) thin-film composite (TFC) membranes without using a microporous support layer. First, temperature...

Stimuli-responsive polysulfone (PSf) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was developed via surface modification with tethered hydrophilic polyacrylic acid (PAA) chains of length greater than the native membrane pore size. The surface nano-structured (SNS)...

Here, we report on the fabrication of light-switchable and light-responsive membranes based on graphene oxide (GO) modified with azobenzene compounds. Azobenzene and para-aminoazobenzene were grafted onto graphene oxide layers by covalent attachment/...

Electric responsive membranes have been prepared by controlled surface grafting of poly (ionic liquid) (PIL) on the commercially available regenerated cellulose ultrafiltration membrane. The incorporation of imidazolium ring on membrane surface was e...

Wastewater treatment plants generally lack a specialized design for the efficient removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a toxic and bio-resistant compound. In this study, secondary effluent from a Beijing wastewater reclamation treatment plant was spike...

“Smart” polymeric microcapsules with excellent permeability of membranes have drawn considerable attention in scientific and industrial research such as drug delivery carriers, microreactors, and artificial organelles. In this work, hybri...

Collagen-based resorbable barrier membranes have been increasingly utilized for Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR), as an alternative to non-resorbable synthetic membranes that require a second surgical intervention for removal. One of the most important...

The function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can be impaired by changes to the extra- and intracellular environment, such as disruption of calcium homeostasis, expression of mutated proteins, and oxidative stress. In response to disruptions to ER h...

Cancer is considered a major societal challenge for the next decade worldwide. Developing strategies for simultaneous diagnosis and treatment has been considered a promising tool for fighting cancer. For this, the development of nanomaterials incorpo...

Detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) microdomains, or “raft lipids”, are key components of the plasma membrane (PM), being involved in membrane trafficking, signal transduction, cell wall metabolism or endocytosis. Proteins imbibed in the...

Cells are constantly challenged by pathogens (bacteria, virus, and fungi), and protein aggregates or chemicals, which can provoke membrane damage at the plasma membrane or within the endo-lysosomal compartments. Detection of endo-lysosomal rupture de...

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are typical environmental endocrine disrupters, interfering with the endocrine system of organisms at very low concentrations. The plasma membrane is the first barrier for organic pollutants to enter the organism, so membr...

Batch ozonation was performed to assess its efficacy as a pretreatment for reverse osmosis (RO) membranes for treating leachate with high concentrations of recalcitrant organic compounds. Leachate samples from two different landfills were collected a...

The attractiveness of OMVs derived from Gram-negative bacteria lies in the fact that they have two biomembranes sandwiching a peptidoglycan layer. It is well known that the envelope of OMVs consists of the outer bacterial membrane [OM] and not of the...

Cable-membrane constructions typically exhibit significant displacement and distortion under load action, and the cable-membrane contact results in relative sliding. In this paper, the interaction force between cable and membrane is transferred throu...

Poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate), P(HEMA-co-DMAEMAx), copolymers were quaternized through the reaction of a part of (dimethylamino)ethyl moieties of DMAEMA units with 1-bromohexadecane. Antimicrobial coatings we...

A mathematical model of amperometric biosensors has been developed. The model is based on non-stationary diffusion equations containing a non-linear term related to Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the enzymatic reaction. Using digital simulation, the in...

The fabrication of silk-based membranes that are stable, optically transparent and reusable is yet to be achieved. To address this bottleneck we have developed a method to produce transparent chromogenic silk patches that are optically responsive to...