Operational tunnels are generally accompanied by time-dependent deformation and structural failures due to delayed behaviors, e.g., loading effects from surrounding rock and degradation of the concrete lining. This paper presents an analytical approa...
Maize straw has been widely used for the production of energy through anaerobic digestion, but biogas production can be hindered by a lack of trace elemental nutrients. To address this issue, a lab-scale anaerobic plug flow reactor was continuously o...
Microheaters with long-term stability are crucial for the development of a variety of microelectronic devices operated at high temperatures. Structured Ta/Pt bilayers, in which the Ta sublayer ensures high adhesion of the Pt resistive layer, are wide...
A passive optical resonator is a special sensor used for measurement of lengths on the nanometer and sub-nanometer scale. A stabilized optical frequency comb can provide an ultimate reference for measuring the wavelength of a tunable laser locked to...
Over the past two decades, titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2 NTs) have gained considerable attention as multifunctional materials in sensing technologies. Their large surface area, adjustable morphology, chemical stability, and photoactivity have posi...
In this article, we review gas sensor application of one-dimensional (1D) metal-oxide nanostructures with major emphases on the types of device structure and issues for realizing practical sensors. One of the most important steps in fabricating 1D-na...
Nitrogen-doped graphene is currently recognized as one of the most promising catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). It has been demonstrated to act as a metal-free electrode with good electrocatalytic activity and long-term operation stab...
High-frequency signal oscillators are devices needed for a variety of scientific disciplines. One of their fundamental requirements is low phase noise in the micro- and millimeter wave ranges. The opto-electronic oscillator (OEO) is a good candidate...
Building on our previous 310-h test of a larger MEMS sensor, this study develops and validates a miniaturized, lift-off-fabricated, and FPC-integrated three-in-one microsensor. In addition to extending the operation to 744 h, we introduce a wireless...
1 May 2022
The increasing concerns on resource and energy recovery call for the modification of the current wastewater treatment strategy. This study synthetically evaluates the feasibility of the short sludge retention time approach to improve the energy recov...
Reverse osmosis (RO) elements operating at a low pressure (LP) or a low energy (LE) are generally called “LPRO” or “LERO”, and the nomenclature “LP” and “LE” are convertible due to the interrelated features of the pressure and the energy in the RO pr...
Long-term stability of the aerobic granular sludge system is essentially based on the microbial community structure of the biomass. In this study, the physicochemical and microbial characteristics of sludge and wastewater treatment performance were i...
This study involves the results of research on short-term and long-term DC-drifts in electro-optical modulators based on annealed proton exchange waveguides in LiNbO3 crystals after wafer pre-annealing. The relaxation time of the DC-drift of the oper...
Due to the extremely low permeability and the excellent creep behavior, rock salt is the optimal surrounding rock of underground energy storage. The long-term safe operation of the rock salt energy storage is closely related to the creep behavior and...
Forecasting domestic and foreign power demand is crucial for planning the operation and expansion of facilities. Power demand patterns are very complex owing to energy market deregulation. Therefore, developing an appropriate power forecasting model...
Ammonia is currently considered a promising compound for the chemical storage of hydrogen and as an energy carrier. However, large-scale ammonia production is not possible without an active and stable catalyst enabling efficient, long-term work witho...
Metal-oxide sensors, detect gas through the reaction of surface oxygen molecules with target gases, are promising for the detection of toxic pollutant gases, combustible gases, and organic vapors; however, their sensitivity, selectivity, and long-ter...
It is estimated that 72% of the worldwide primary energy consumption is lost as waste heat. Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs) are a possible solution to convert a part of this energy into electricity and heat for space heating. However, for their depl...
Cellular polypropylene (PP) has been recently used in energy harvesting applications. In this work, we investigate its viability and long-term stability under various operating conditions. Specifically, the effect of constant stress and stress cyclin...
In this study, we fabricated Si-based heterojunction solar cells (HSCs) with an asymmetric TMO–metal–TMO (TMT) structure using both MoO3 and V2O5 as the hole-selective contacts. Our HSCs offer enhanced long-term stability and effective pa...
Background: Rhinoplasty is a leading cosmetic surgery, with the crooked nose being one of the most complex challenges due to its combination of functional and aesthetic issues. Involving multiple nasal components, a crooked nose remains difficult to...
The implementation of low-cost sensitive and selective gas sensors for monitoring fruit ripening and quality strongly depends on their long-term stability. Gas sensor drift undermines the long-term reliability of low-cost sensing platforms, particula...
Hydropower plants (including the switching station) built in the middle and southern section of the north–south zone of China are always situated in complex geological settings of transition zones from strong to weak earthquakes with active fau...
Background: To compare the functional and anatomical results of two different types of grafts in type 1 tympanoplasty (TPL I). Methods: A retrospective comparative bicentric study was conducted on patients treated with TPL I using temporal fascia or...
High-temperature electrolysis using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) is an innovative technology to temporarily store unused electrical energy from renewable energy sources. However, they show continuous performance loss during long-term operat...
Membrane reactors have demonstrated a large potential for the production of hydrogen via reforming of different feedstocks in comparison with other reactor types. However, the long-term performance and stability of the applied membranes are extremely...
High activity of a catalyst and its thermal stability over a lifetime are essential for catalytic applications, including catalytic gas sensors. Highly porous materials are attractive to support metal catalysts because they can carry a large quantity...
The interlayer-salt rock interface in the surrounding rock of salt caverns is the main channel for gas leakage during long-term operation of salt cavern gas storage (SCGS). To ensure the long-term safe operation of SCGS containing interlayered salt c...
This study empirically analyzes reporting on long-term value creation for Canadian public mining and energy companies. It represents an important first step in determining the quality of reporting and its determinants for large public companies. In t...
In order to determine the appropriate utilization conditions of the Vyalov long-term strength prediction equation, this study selected three soil samples from the loess region. These samples were subjected to varying numbers of freeze–thaw cycl...
This study aims to evaluate the financial health of Croatian top division clubs, locate their primary source of funding, and assess their capacity for self-sustainability. To conclude the current financial condition and long-term (un)sustainability o...
With the development of salt cavern gas storage technology, the construction of large-scale salt cavern gas storage using sediment voids is expected to solve the problems of low effective volume formation rate and poor construction economy of high-im...
The retrofit of vacant buildings into sustainable integrated medical and elderly care facilities represents an important pathway for promoting urban regeneration and addressing population aging challenges. However, conflicts of interest among key sta...
Accurate temperature prediction is critical for ensuring mechanical stability and operational safety during complex operating conditions and long-term operation of rolling bearings. This study proposes a digital twin (DT) system for bearing thermal a...
In line with the goals of “peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality”, this study aims to develop a market-coordinated operation mechanism to promote renewable energy adoption and consumption, addressing the challenges of integrating me...
Open-path laser telemetry of methane leakage yields security guarantees of energy storage and transportation for oil/gas station production operation. In order to further improve the long-term detection stability under the condition of long-distance...
Membrane distillation (MD) is a technology that can treat feed solutions with higher osmotic pressure, as well as produce high-purity water. However, the water production cost of the MD process is expensive. In this study, to decrease the water produ...
In this work, we compare the operation of a passively modelocked polarization-maintaining emission in two thulium-doped fiber lasers pumped at 1561 nm, with emission at wavelengths of 1.951 μm in one case and 2.07 μm in the other. We obtained a...
Underground pumped hydro storage (UPHS) in solution-mined salt caverns offers a promising approach to address the intermittency of renewable energy in flat geological regions such as Southern Ontario, Canada. This work presents the first fully couple...
Arctic sea ice can be regarded as a sensitive indicator of climate change, and it has declined dramatically in recent decades. The swift decline in Arctic sea ice coverage leads to an expansion of the marginal ice zone (MIZ). In this study, an ice-ba...
The fatigue and durability characteristics of structural expanded polystyrene concrete (EPS) are especially important when it was applied for structural elements in long-term service. In order to study the fatigue and durability behavior of structura...
In the development of decarbonization technologies and renewable energy, water electrolysis has emerged as a key technology. The efficiency of hydrogen production and its applications are significantly affected by power stability. Enhancing power sta...
Two-photon vapor cell-based optical clocks are strong candidates for next-generation portable atomic standards, offering simplicity, compactness, and high performance. Their narrow clock transitions with counter-propagating beams enable first-order D...
Essential quality features of pressure sensors are, among other accuracy-related factors, measurement range, operating temperature, and long-term stability. In this work, these features are optimized for a capacitive pressure sensor with a measuremen...
Ensuring long-term wellbore integrity is critical for CO2 injection and storage operations. Conventional cement degrades in CO2-rich environments, compromising zonal isolation and increasing leakage risks. This study presents a novel self-healing cem...
This review provides a detailed examination of strategies for controlling the deposition of nanoparticles in porous media, emphasising the factors influencing their long-term stability and the challenges faced in practical applications. The review ex...
Organic compounds are major constituents in produced water that have gained increasing attention due to their negative impacts on operations and the environment. In this study, a novel hydrophilic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber (HF) memb...
Restricted stock units (RSUs) are a key component of executive compensation schemes, aligning executive incentives with the long-term goals of the company and compensating for the limitations of traditional stock options. This study empirically analy...
Gravity-driven membrane (GDM) filtration technology has been extensively in the employed drinking water treatment, however, the effect filtration mode (i.e., dead-end mode vs. cross-flow mode) on its long-term performance has not been systematically...
Optical sensors have been investigated and widely deployed in industrial andscientific measurement and control processes, mainly due to their accuracy, high sensitivityand immunity to electromagnetic interference and other unique characteristics. The...
of 27