310 Results Found

Hyperspectral observations are used to retrieve high-resolution horizontal distribution and vertical profiles of trace gases (O₃, NO₂, HCHO, and SO₂), thereby playing a vital role in monitoring the spatio-temporal distribution and transportation of a...

The main objective of this study was to assess the status of body schema using limb laterality discrimination tasks and pain measurement variables of patients with FMS compared to healthy subjects. The secondary aim was to analyze the relationships b...

Lower-limb exoskeletons have received considerable attention because of their effectiveness in walking assistance and rehabilitation for paraplegic patients. Excessive foot–ground impacts during walking make patients uncomfortable and even lead...

Introduction: Performance in a single step has been suggested to be a sensitive measure of movement quality in pediatric clinical populations. Although there is less information available in children with typical development, researchers have postula...

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by biomechanically dysfunctional cardiomyocytes. Underlying cellular changes include perturbed myocardial titin expression and titin hypophosphorylation leading to titin filament...

Action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI) are useful techniques in neurorehabilitation. Previous studies have reported that AO and MI facilitate corticospinal excitability only in those muscles that are active when actually performing the observ...

Background/Objectives: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a multifactorial pain syndrome not only characterized by widespread pain as the primary symptom but also accompanied by physical, psychological, and cognitive manifestations. Impairments in condit...

The transcutaneous stimulation of lower limb muscles during indoor rowing (FES Rowing) has led to a new sport and recreation and significantly increased health benefits in paraplegia. Stimulation is often delivered to quadriceps and hamstrings; this...

Neurogenesis plays an important role in the prognosis of stroke patients and is known to be promoted by the activation of the Notch1 signaling pathway. Studies on the airway epithelium have shown that miR-449b represses the Notch pathway. The study a...

Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cells isolated from various tissue sources, including but not limited to bone marrow, adipose, umbilical cord, and Wharton Jelly. Although cell-mediated mechanisms have been reported, the therapeutic effect...

Decoding lower-limb motor imagery (MI) is highly important in brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) and rehabilitation engineering. However, it is challenging to classify lower-limb MI from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, because lower-limb moti...

Carrying out the immediate rehabilitation interventional therapy will better improve the curative effect of rehabilitation therapy, after the condition of bedridden stroke patients becomes stable. A new lower limb rehabilitation training module, as a...

In the rehabilitation training process for stroke patients, the level of excitement in the patient’s physiological state has a positive impact on the efficacy of the training. In order to improve patients’ initiative during training and p...

Resting hand tremor is a low-frequency, involuntary oscillation influenced by mechanical and neural factors, often manifesting as inter-limb asymmetry. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether a single complex hand proprioceptive t...

The implementation of a progressive rehabilitation training model to promote patients’ motivation efforts can greatly restore damaged central nervous system function in patients. Patients’ active engagement can be effectively stimulated b...

In order to meet the assist requirements of extravehicular activity (EVA) for astronauts, such as moving outside the international space station (ISS) or performing on-orbit tasks by a single astronaut, this paper proposes an astronaut robotic limbs...

The present study aimed to investigate gene expression changes related to cell cycle activation in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to further evaluate the difference between the upper and lower limbs of SCI patients. Fibroblasts were obtai...

The estimation of multijoint angles is of great significance in the fields of lower limb rehabilitation, motion control, and exoskeleton robotics. Accurate joint angle estimation helps assess joint function, assist in rehabilitation training, and opt...

As important auxiliary equipment, rehabilitation robots are widely used in rehabilitation treatment and daily life assistance. The rehabilitation robot proposed in this paper is mainly composed of an omnidirectional mobile platform module, a lower li...

Secondary injuries are common during upper limb rehabilitation training because of uncontrollable physical force and overexciting activities, and long-time training may cause fatigue and reduce the training effect. This study proposes a wearable moni...

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by the deletion or/and mutation in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene on chromosome 5. Until now, only a few articles investigating the relationship between upper limb funct...

Given the cervical spinal cord’s role in locomotor and rhythmic upper limb tasks, its neuromodulation has emerged as an important area of study for understanding human spinal rhythmogenesis. We previously demonstrated that, under unloading cond...

The mine cage has an important role in the production of coal mines. It has many safety problems in the transportation of people, such as overloading of personnel and illegal outreach of human limbs. However, the harsh mine environment makes it very...

Most pediatric exoskeletons for cerebral palsy (CP) focus on lower-limb assistance and neglect trunk control, limiting rehabilitation outcomes. This study presents a self-aligning trunk–limb exoskeleton that integrates trunk stabilization with...

Equine athletes can incur musculoskeletal injuries due to repetitive loading during training and competition. Prior to signs of lameness, horse trainers and veterinarians may observe swelling in the distal limbs, where injuries most frequently occur....

This article presents the possibilities of newly developed middleware dedicated for distributed and modular control systems. The software enables the exchange of information locally, within one control module, and globally, between many modules. The...

Uphill wheelchair propulsion requires considerable upper-limb effort and often leads to rapid fatigue, limiting user mobility and independence. Therefore, mechanical solutions that enhance propulsion safety and efficiency are essential. This study ai...

Unaccustomed eccentric exercise is well established to induce exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), characterized by transient strength loss, delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), reduced range of motion, and proprioceptive disturbances. While limb...

Both Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are associated with an increased risk of limb amputation in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). How diabetes contributes to poor PAD outcomes is poorly understood but may occur thr...

c-Fos is an immediate-early gene that modulates cellular responses to a wide variety of stimuli and also plays an important role in tissue regeneration. However, the sequence and functions of c-Fos are still poorly understood in newts. This study des...

This paper presents the mechanical design and test of a portable hand-elbow combination linkage upper limb rehabilitation robot, which can realize the joint movement of the hand joint and elbow joint and reproduce the complete grasping action. The jo...

Background: This study evaluated the effectiveness of radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) neurobiological optimization treatments on muscle strength (MS) in individuals with post-polio syndrome (PPS), a condition causing new muscle weakness in...

Post-stroke rehabilitation often aims to increase walking speeds, as faster walking is associated with improved functional status and quality of life. However, for successful community ambulation, ability to modulate (increase and decrease) walking s...

This paper presents the structure and model of a hybrid modular structure of a robotic system for lower limb rehabilitation. It is made of two modules identical in structure, including an active 3-PRRR manipulator for moving the patient’s foot...

Background/Objectives: Neuromuscular functions (NMFs) encompass biomechanical and viscoelastic properties that are essential for coordinated movement and muscular control. While NMFs have been extensively investigated in the lower limb, normative dat...

An innovative wearable upper-limb power-assist exoskeleton system (UPES) was designed for laborers to improve work efficiency and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. This novel wearable UPES consists of four joints, each comprising a single...

Background: cervical spinal cord injury leads to loss of upper limb functionality, which causes a decrease in autonomy to perform activities of daily living. The use of robotic technologies in rehabilitation could contribute to improving upper limb f...

Background: This study investigates the influence of emotional processing on flexor reflex responses in the upper limbs, focusing on cutaneomuscular reflexes (CMRs) and the cutaneous silent period (CSP) in patients with chronic neuropathic pain. The...

Trunk positioning and unexpected perturbations are high-risk conditions at the time of anterior cruciate ligament injury. The influence of trunk positioning on motor control responses to perturbation during dynamic performance is not known. We tested...

Changes in body representation may affect pain perception. The effect of a distorted body image, such as the telescoping effect in amputee patients, on pain perception, is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether distorting an embodied virtua...

This paper proposed a novel design using a torsion spring mechanism with a single fluidic muscle actuator (FMA) to drive a joint with one degree-of-freedom (DOF) through a steel wire and a proportional pressure regulating valve (PRV). We developed a...

Stroke remains a global leading cause of disability. Novel treatment approaches are required to alleviate impairment and promote greater functional recovery. One potential candidate is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), which is thought...

Most people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) experience significant gait asymmetries between their legs during walking, leading to an increased risk of falls. Split-belt treadmill training, where the speed of each limb is controlled independently, alte...

This study explored whether the cross-education (CE) phenomenon could be examined through the force–velocity (FV) profile obtained from unilateral leg extension. Nineteen participants completed 5 weeks of unilateral knee extension interventions...

Gait recognition has received widespread attention due to its non-intrusive recognition mechanism. Currently, most gait recognition methods use appearance-based recognition methods, and such methods are easily affected by occlusions when facing compl...

Geographical variation in morphological traits represents a significant ecological phenomenon. According to Allen’s rule, animals inhabiting cooler environments typically exhibit shorter extremities compared to those in warmer regions. While Al...

Considering the importance of programmed cell death in the formation of the skeleton during embryonic development, the aim of the present study was to analyze whether regulated cell degeneration also accompanies the differentiation of embryonic limb...

This comprehensive study presents a pioneering approach to limb lengthening, leveraging the advancements in wireless technology to enhance orthopedic healthcare. Historically, limb lengthening has been a response to discrepancies caused by fractures,...

Skeleton-based action recognition, renowned for its computational efficiency and indifference to lighting variations, has become a focal point in the realm of motion analysis. However, most current methods typically only extract global skeleton featu...

The muscle synergy approach is used to evaluate motor control and to quantitatively determine the number and structure of the modules underlying movement. In experimental studies regarding the upper limb, typically 8 to 16 EMG probes are used dependi...