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538 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
9,072 Views
18 Pages

24 February 2023

At present, the explosive growth of software code volume and quantity makes the code review process very labor-intensive and time-consuming. An automated code review model can assist in improving the efficiency of the process. Tufano et al., designed...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Big Data Analytics and Intelligent Computation to Advance Novel Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,908 Views
20 Pages

Summarizing source code by natural language aims to help developers better understand existing code, making software development more efficient. Since source code is highly structured, recent research uses code structure information like Abstract Sem...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data Mining Applied in Natural Language Processing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,287 Views
19 Pages

19 December 2025

Code search has received significant attention in the field of computer science research. Its core objective is to retrieve the most semantically relevant code snippets by aligning the semantics of natural language queries with those of programming l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,537 Views
22 Pages

Parallelization Strategies for Graph-Code-Based Similarity Search

  • Patrick Steinert,
  • Stefan Wagenpfeil,
  • Paul Mc Kevitt,
  • Ingo Frommholz and
  • Matthias Hemmje

The volume of multimedia assets in collections is growing exponentially, and the retrieval of information is becoming more complex. The indexing and retrieval of multimedia content is generally implemented by employing feature graphs. Feature graphs...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimedia Systems for Multimedia Big Data)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,487 Views
22 Pages

9 June 2024

The code of industrial management software typically features few system API calls and a high number of customized variables and structures. This makes the similarity of such codes difficult to compute using text features or traditional neural networ...

(This article belongs to the Section Multidisciplinary Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3,414 Views
23 Pages

29 May 2025

Recent advances in prompt learning have opened new avenues for enhancing natural language understanding in domain-specific tasks, including code vulnerability detection. Motivated by the limitations of conventional binary classification methods in ca...

  • Article
  • Open Access
608 Views
29 Pages

18 August 2026

Software vulnerabilities are a primary cause of security breaches, and their automated detection at scale has therefore become a pressing concern for both industry and academia. Most Graph Neural Network (GNN) approaches to vulnerability detection tr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Smart Contract and Blockchain Analysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,725 Views
10 Pages

10 August 2023

In this article, a graph-theoretic method (taking advantage of constraints among sets associated with the corresponding parity-check matrices) is applied for the construction of a double low-density parity-check (D-LDPC) code (also known as LDPC code...

(This article belongs to the Section Information Theory, Probability and Statistics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
199 Views
24 Pages

10 October 2026

The widespread use of social media has led to a rise in online bullying and abusive language. Huge amounts of content are created on social media daily, creating a challenge for platforms to manually detect and remove offensive posts, making automate...

(This article belongs to the Section Machine Learning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
377 Views
21 Pages

Rule Graph-Based Low-Code Control for Renewable Energy and Storage Stations

  • Jiacheng Li,
  • Menghan Xiao,
  • Chang Ye,
  • Xun Xu and
  • Yuwei Gui

21 August 2026

Renewable energy and energy storage stations require frequent updates of monitoring and control logic across heterogeneous devices and changing operating strategies. This paper proposes a rule graph-based reference architecture that combines low-code...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,652 Views
11 Pages

8 September 2018

It has long been claimed that the mitochondrial genetic code possesses more symmetries than the Standard Genetic Code (SGC). To test this claim, the symmetrical structure of the SGC is compared with noncanonical genetic codes. We analyzed the symmetr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,954 Views
14 Pages

30 November 2024

In this paper, we study self-dual and LCD codes constructed from Kneser graphs K(n, 2) and collinearity graphs of generalized quadrangles using the so-called pure and bordered construction. We determine conditions under which these codes are self-dua...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discrete Mathematics in Coding Theory)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
8,991 Views
14 Pages

5 November 2021

Code generation, as a very hot application area of deep learning models for text, consists of two different fields: code-to-code and text-to-code. A recent approach, GraphCodeBERT uses code graph, which is called data flow, and showed good performanc...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,625 Views
15 Pages

Towards Automatic ICD Coding via Label Graph Generation

  • Peng Nie,
  • Huanqin Wu and
  • Zhanchuan Cai

1 August 2024

Automatic International Classification of Disease (ICD) coding, a system for assigning proper codes to a given clinical text, has received increasing attention. Previous studies have focused on formulating the ICD coding task as a multi-label predict...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
14,430 Views
33 Pages

Three-Dimensional Algebraic Models of the tRNA Code and 12 Graphs for Representing the Amino Acids

  • Marco V. José,
  • Eberto R. Morgado,
  • Romeu Cardoso Guimarães,
  • Gabriel S. Zamudio and ,
  • Sávio Torres De Farías,
  • Juan R. Bobadilla and
  • Daniela Sosa
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

11 August 2014

Three-dimensional algebraic models, also called Genetic Hotels, are developed to represent the Standard Genetic Code, the Standard tRNA Code (S-tRNA-C), and the Human tRNA code (H-tRNA-C). New algebraic concepts are introduced to be able to describe...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Origins and Early Evolution of RNA)
  • Article
  • Open Access
348 Views
17 Pages

26 August 2026

Java is one of the most widely used object-oriented programming languages, making accurate and efficient defect localization essential for improving software quality and reliability. Conventional static analysis techniques primarily rely on predefine...

(This article belongs to the Topic Addressing Security Issues Related to Modern Software)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,259 Views
18 Pages

Towards Enhancing Coding Productivity for GPU Programming Using Static Graphs

  • Leonel Toledo,
  • Pedro Valero-Lara,
  • Jeffrey S. Vetter and
  • Antonio J. Peña

The main contribution of this work is to increase the coding productivity of GPU programming by using the concept of Static Graphs. GPU capabilities have been increasing significantly in terms of performance and memory capacity. However, there are st...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Science & Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,329 Views
17 Pages

Snake Graphs Arising from Groves with an Application in Coding Theory

  • Agustín Moreno Cañadas,
  • Gabriel Bravo Rios and
  • Robinson-Julian Serna

Snake graphs are connected planar graphs consisting of a finite sequence of adjacent tiles (squares) T1,T2,…,Tn. In this case, for 1≤j≤n−1, two consecutive tiles Tj and Tj+1 share exactly one edge, either the edge at the east (west...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graph Theory and Its Applications in Computing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,642 Views
25 Pages

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a central approach to enhance the factual consistency and domain specificity of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external context at inference time. However, most existing RAG systems rely...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI Synergy: Vision, Language, and Modality)
  • Article
  • Open Access
180 Views
36 Pages

Girth Characterization of (3,29)-Regular Bipartite Graphs and Their Associated LDPC Codes

  • Hengzhou Xu,
  • Dongshu Chang,
  • Jinlan Guo,
  • Mengmeng Xu and
  • Qian Wang

14 October 2026

This paper studies a family of (3,29)-regular bipartite graphs introduced by Tanner for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. For a prime p≡1(mod87), the graph has 3p left vertices and 29p right vertices. In the associated LDPC code, the right...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Key Technologies Towards Future Wireless Networks)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,499 Views
15 Pages

Predicting Stroke Risk Based on ICD Codes Using Graph-Based Convolutional Neural Networks

  • Attila Tiba,
  • Tamás Bérczes,
  • Attila Bérczes and
  • Judit Zsuga

11 June 2024

In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have emerged as highly efficient architectures for image and audio classification tasks, gaining widespread adoption in state-of-the-art methodologies. While CNNs excel in machine learning scenari...

(This article belongs to the Section E3: Mathematical Biology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
17,729 Views
50 Pages

14 July 2015

The similarity patterns of the genetic code result from similar codons encoding similar messages. We develop a new mathematical model to analyze these patterns. The physicochemical characteristics of amino acids objectively quantify their differences...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry and Asymmetry in Biology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,374 Views
15 Pages

4 August 2020

To fulfill the increasing demand on low-latency content distribution, this paper considers content distribution using generation-based network coding with the belief propagation decoder. We propose a framework to design generation-based network codes...

(This article belongs to the Section Internet of Things)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,113 Views
21 Pages

Go Source Code Vulnerability Detection Method Based on Graph Neural Network

  • Lisha Yuan,
  • Yong Fang,
  • Qiang Zhang,
  • Zhonglin Liu and
  • Yijia Xu

10 June 2025

With the widespread application of the Go language, the demand for vulnerability detection in Go programs is increasing. Existing detection models and methods have deficiencies in extracting source code features of Go programs and mainly focus on det...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,428 Views
24 Pages

19 August 2025

As an important representation form of three-dimensional scenes, the point cloud contains rich geometry and attribute information. The video-based point cloud compression standard (V-PCC) divides and projects three-dimensional data directionally onto...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,172 Views
20 Pages

28 February 2025

Code vulnerability detection is a crucial approach to ensuring software security, aiming to automatically identify potential security vulnerabilities in source code. However, existing static vulnerability detection methods often face challenges such...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,453 Views
18 Pages

24 September 2025

Binary code similarity detection (BCSD) plays an important role in software security. Recent deep learning-based methods have made great progress. Existing methods based on a single feature, such as semantics or graph structure, struggle to handle ch...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,377 Views
23 Pages

21 May 2021

The spectral mismatch between a multispectral (MS) image and its corresponding panchromatic (PAN) image affects the pansharpening quality, especially for WorldView-2 data. To handle this problem, a pansharpening method based on graph regularized spar...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,808 Views
17 Pages

10 May 2023

This work studied the event-detection problem in an Internet of Things (IoT) system, where a group of sensor nodes are placed in the region of interest to capture sparse active event sources. Using compressive sensing (CS), the event-detection proble...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,941 Views
40 Pages

Structural Characteristics of Two-Sender Index Coding

  • Chandra Thapa,
  • Lawrence Ong,
  • Sarah J. Johnson and
  • Min Li

21 June 2019

This paper studies index coding with two senders. In this setup, source messages are distributed among the senders possibly with common messages. In addition, there are multiple receivers, with each receiver having some messages a priori, known as si...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multiuser Information Theory II)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,662 Views
26 Pages

27 April 2026

Deep-learning-based vulnerability detection has made substantial progress, but two limitations remain prominent. Sequence-based methods linearize source code and thus weaken the explicit modeling of control-flow and data-flow dependencies. Graph-base...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Security of Computer System and Network)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
6,514 Views
28 Pages

Fast and Effective Retrieval for Large Multimedia Collections

  • Stefan Wagenpfeil,
  • Binh Vu,
  • Paul Mc Kevitt and
  • Matthias Hemmje

The indexing and retrieval of multimedia content is generally implemented by employing feature graphs. These graphs typically contain a significant number of nodes and edges to reflect the level of detail in feature detection. A higher level of detai...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multimedia Systems for Multimedia Big Data)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,133 Views
24 Pages

Explainable Multimedia Feature Fusion for Medical Applications

  • Stefan Wagenpfeil,
  • Paul Mc Kevitt,
  • Abbas Cheddad and
  • Matthias Hemmje

Due to the exponential growth of medical information in the form of, e.g., text, images, Electrocardiograms (ECGs), X-rays, and multimedia, the management of a patient’s data has become a huge challenge. In particular, the extraction of feature...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Strategies for Medical Image Analysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,229 Views
10 Pages

6 September 2024

The security of traditional public key cryptography algorithms depends on the difficulty of the underlying mathematical problems. Asymmetric topological encryption is a graph-dependent encryption algorithm produced to resist attacks by quantum comput...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,433 Views
18 Pages

Source code clone detection, which can identify code fragments with similar functions, plays a significant role in software development and quality assurance. Existing methods either extract single syntactic or semantic information, or ignore the ass...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning Methods in Software Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,574 Views
21 Pages

14 August 2023

Today, as PHP application technology is becoming increasingly mature, the functions of modern multi-layer web applications are becoming more and more complete, and the complexity is also gradually increasing. While providing developers with various b...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress and Research in Cybersecurity and Data Privacy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,743 Views
13 Pages

9 September 2025

The code distance is a critical parameter of quantum stabilizer codes (QSCs), and determining it—whether exactly or approximately—is known to be an NP-complete problem. However, its upper bound can be determined efficiently by some method...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Error Correction and Fault-Tolerance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,910 Views
11 Pages

Protograph Designing of P-LDPC Codes via M3 Method

  • Dan Song,
  • Meiyuan Miao and
  • Lin Wang

27 January 2023

Recently, a mesh model-based merging (M3) method and four basic graph models were proposed to construct the double protograph low-density parity-check (P-LDPC) code pair of the joint source channel coding (JSCC). Designing the protograph (mother code...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Information and Coding Theory)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,420 Views
22 Pages

Deep Semantics-Enhanced Neural Code Search

  • Ying Yin,
  • Longfei Ma,
  • Yuqi Gong,
  • Yucen Shi and ,
  • Fazal Wahab and
  • Yuhai Zhao
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

28 November 2024

Code search uses natural language queries to retrieve code snippets from a vast database, identifying those that are semantically similar to the query. This enables developers to reuse code and enhance software development efficiency. Most existing c...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Science & Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,960 Views
14 Pages

Shared Graph Neural Network for Channel Decoding

  • Qingle Wu,
  • Benjamin K. Ng,
  • Chan-Tong Lam,
  • Xiangyu Cen and ,
  • Yuanhui Liang and
  • Yan Ma
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

24 November 2023

With the application of graph neural network (GNN) in the communication physical layer, GNN-based channel decoding algorithms have become a research hotspot. Compared with traditional decoding algorithms, GNN-based channel decoding algorithms have a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,835 Views
10 Pages

Cyclotomic Trace Codes

  • Dean Crnković,
  • Andrea Švob and
  • Vladimir D. Tonchev

13 August 2019

A generalization of Ding’s construction is proposed that employs as a defining set the collection of the sth powers ( s ≥ 2 ) of all nonzero elements in G F ( p m ) , where p ≥ 2 is prime. Some of the resulting code...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,226 Views
18 Pages

In recent years, the number and scale of malicious codes have grown exponentially, posing an increasing threat to cybersecurity. Hence, it is of great research value to quickly identify variants of malware and master their family information. Binary...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,499 Views
21 Pages

2 February 2025

With the increasing utilization of drones, the cyber security threats they face have become more prominent. Code reuse in the software development of drone systems has led to vulnerabilities in drones. The binary code similarity analysis method offer...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Detection, Security, and Communication for UAV: 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
802 Views
19 Pages

Leveraging Code Language Models for Code Smells Detection

  • Soumia Zellagui,
  • Abderrezak Kenniche,
  • Samiha Fadloun and
  • Souham Meshoul

13 July 2026

Improving software quality remains a major challenge in modern software engineering. Among the different techniques used to address this issue, code smell detection plays an important role, as code smells may negatively affect software maintainabilit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,905 Views
9 Pages

11 June 2020

The standard genetic code (SGC) is a mapping between the 64 possible arrangements of the four RNA nucleotides (C, A, U, G) into triplets or codons, where 61 codons are assigned to a specific amino acid and the other three are stop codons for terminat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers Symmetry 2021—the Third Edition of the International Conference on Symmetry)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,407 Views
13 Pages

The Quantum States of a Graph

  • Mohd Arif Raza,
  • Adel N. Alahmadi,
  • Widyan Basaffar,
  • David G. Glynn and ,
  • Manish K. Gupta,
  • James W. P. Hirschfeld,
  • Abdul Nadim Khan,
  • Hatoon Shoaib and
  • Patrick Solé
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

16 May 2023

Quantum codes are crucial building blocks of quantum computers. With a self-dual quantum code is attached, canonically, a unique stabilised quantum state. Improving on a previous publication, we show how to determine the coefficients on the basis of...

(This article belongs to the Section A: Algebra and Logic)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,898 Views
38 Pages

28 March 2024

Software evolution is driven by changes made during software development and maintenance. While source control systems effectively manage these changes at the commit level, the intent behind them are often inadequately documented, making understandin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
6,580 Views
18 Pages

Machine Learning-Based Vulnerability Detection in Rust Code Using LLVM IR and Transformer Model

  • Young Lee,
  • Syeda Jannatul Boshra,
  • Jeong Yang,
  • Zechun Cao and
  • Gongbo Liang

Rust’s growing popularity in high-integrity systems requires automated vulnerability detection in order to maintain its strong safety guarantees. Although Rust’s ownership model and compile-time checks prevent many errors, sometimes unexp...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,615 Views
21 Pages

A Personal Growth System Supporting the Sustainable Development of Students Based on Intelligent Graph Element Technology

  • Fengying Li,
  • Ge Yu,
  • Congjing Mu,
  • Qingshui Xue and ,
  • Shih-Pang Tseng and
  • Tongchao Wang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

12 June 2022

In recent years, the sustainable development of education has become an increasing concern, and new technology characterized by intelligence has played an important role in promoting it. However, facing the endless stream of teaching platforms, learn...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Educational Intelligence and Emerging Educational Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,401 Views
14 Pages

2 December 2022

Binary code similarity measurement is a popular research area in binary analysis with the recent development of deep learning-based models. Current state-of-the-art methods often use the pre-trained language model (PTLM) to embed instructions into ba...

(This article belongs to the Section A: Computer Science)

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