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  • Editorial
  • Open Access
578 Views
4 Pages

Preface to the International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations, and Applications in Electronic Textiles (E-Textiles 2023)

  • Russel Torah,
  • Kai Yang,
  • Beckie Isaia,
  • Paula Veske-Lepp and ,
  • Frederick Bossuyt and
  • Stephen Beeby
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

The fifth International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations, and Applications in Electronic Textiles (E-Textiles 2023) was held in Ghent (Belgium) on 14–16 November 2023.

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Eng. Proc., 2023, E-Textiles 2023)
  • Review
  • Open Access
65 Citations
17,563 Views
22 Pages

E-Textiles for Sports and Fitness Sensing: Current State, Challenges, and Future Opportunities

  • Kai Yang,
  • Stuart A. McErlain-Naylor,
  • Beckie Isaia,
  • Andrew Callaway and
  • Steve Beeby

6 February 2024

E-textiles have emerged as a fast-growing area in wearable technology for sports and fitness due to the soft and comfortable nature of textile materials and the capability for smart functionality to be integrated into familiar sports clothing. This r...

(This article belongs to the Section Wearables)
  • Review
  • Open Access
72 Citations
11,915 Views
18 Pages

21 May 2021

E-textiles, hybrid products that incorporate electronic functionality into textiles, often need to withstand washing procedures to ensure textile typical usability. Yet, the washability—which is essential for many e-textile applications like medical...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fibrous Materials (Textiles) for Functional Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access

Advances of Functional Inks for Printed E-textiles

  • Jin-Xing Jiang,
  • You-Chao Qi and
  • Qi-Yao Huang

30 November 2025

Electronic textiles (E-textiles) have emerged as promising platforms for applications in healthcare, sports training, and human-machine interaction, owing to their flexibility, permeability and integration capability. Printing technologies such as in
...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2,429 Views
4 Pages

2 February 2023

An e-textile system was developed, allowing USB reprogramming of miniature, flexible, integrated microcontroller circuits which allows for easier development of complex and configurable e-textile circuits. This prototype consisted of a series of five...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Review
  • Open Access
75 Citations
12,175 Views
21 Pages

E-Textiles for Healthy Ageing

  • Kai Yang,
  • Beckie Isaia,
  • Laura J.E. Brown and
  • Steve Beeby

15 October 2019

The ageing population has grown quickly in the last half century with increased longevity and declining birth rate. This presents challenges to health services and the wider society. This review paper considers different aspects (e.g., physical, ment...

(This article belongs to the Section Physical Sensors)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,999 Views
4 Pages

The role of e-textiles has been discussed widely for health sensing applications. However, the ethical aspects of health sensing e-textiles have received less attention in the literature. In this contribution, we aim to identify the ethical concerns...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Editorial
  • Open Access
1,432 Views
3 Pages

The 4th International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles (E-Textiles 2022) was held in Nottingham (United Kingdom) on 8–10 November 2022.

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,986 Views
5 Pages

Design and Test of E-Textiles for Stroke Rehabilitation

  • Meijing Liu,
  • Tyler Ward,
  • Odina Keim,
  • Yuanyuan Yin and ,
  • Paul Taylor,
  • John Tudor and
  • Kai Yang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

6 February 2023

This work presents the design and test of an e-textile based functional electrical stimulation system for post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation. The prototype was tested on five stroke survivors to assess stimulation comfort, the stimulation intensit...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,318 Views
5 Pages

19 January 2024

In the field of textile and fashion design, there is a growing desire to integrate interactive technologies into creative work. Traditional design education typically lacks support for material-oriented designers to develop electronic skills alongsid...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Eng. Proc., 2023, E-Textiles 2023)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,378 Views
5 Pages

Mass Production of E-Textiles Using Embroidery Technology

  • Steliyan Vasilev,
  • Melanie Hoerr,
  • Michaela Kasdorf and
  • Sven Boehmer

Embroidery, once a symbol of craftsmanship, has transformed into a cutting-edge technology blending tradition and innovation. This article delves into the multifaceted applications of embroidery technology in smart and e-textiles, showcasing its prec...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Eng. Proc., 2023, E-Textiles 2023)
  • Review
  • Open Access
115 Citations
29,126 Views
46 Pages

Electrically Conductive Coatings for Fiber-Based E-Textiles

  • Kony Chatterjee,
  • Jordan Tabor and
  • Tushar K. Ghosh

1 June 2019

With the advent of wearable electronic devices in our daily lives, there is a need for soft, flexible, and conformable devices that can provide electronic capabilities without sacrificing comfort. Electronic textiles (e-textiles) combine electronic c...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Coatings on Fibers and Textiles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
6,529 Views
15 Pages

27 December 2021

Electronic textiles (e-textiles) and wearable computing have been emerging increasingly during the last decade. Since the market interest and predictions have grown, the research into increasing reliability and durability of wearables and e-textiles...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Signal Processing Circuits and Systems for Smart Sensing Applications)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,046 Views
5 Pages

Green Synthesised Silver Nanocomposite for Thermoregulating E-Textiles

  • Ashleigh Naysmith,
  • Naeem S. Mian and
  • Sohel Rana

Personal thermal management devices provide a behaviourally aligned route to address dependence on energy-intensive heating and cooling systems. E-textiles form an ideal foundation for these devices. In this study, a Joule heating e-textile has been...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,500 Views
5 Pages

The adoption of circular principles by the EU and UK have led to greater focus on waste streams and the recoverability of materials and components. This has translated into regulations such as WEEE for electronic waste. Textiles and nanomaterials lag...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,683 Views
18 Pages

The development of specific user-based wearable smart textiles is gaining interest. The reliability and washability of e-textiles, especially electronic-based components of e-textiles, are under particular investigation nowadays. This is because e-te...

(This article belongs to the Section Electronic Materials, Devices and Applications)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,684 Views
4 Pages

Exploring the Role of Textile Craft Practice in Interdisciplinary E-Textiles Development through the Design of an Illuminated Safety Cycling Jacket

  • Matholo Kgatuke,
  • Dorothy Hardy,
  • Katherine Townsend,
  • Eloise Salter and ,
  • Tina Downes,
  • Karen Harrigan,
  • Susan Allcock and
  • Tilak Dias
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

Most E-textile research tends to fall within the arts or science disciplinary boundaries, despite E-textiles themselves being interdisciplinary in nature. This work explores how contemporary woven textile practice methodologies can play a role within...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,196 Views
12 Pages

Highly Washable and Conductive Cotton E-textiles Based on Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene

  • Zakhar Ivanovich Evseev,
  • Fedora Dmitrievna Vasileva,
  • Svetlana Afanasyevna Smagulova and
  • Petr Stanislavovich Dmitriev

19 January 2023

In this study, cotton e-textiles were obtained using two types of graphene oxide. The first type of graphene oxide was synthesized using the Hummers’ method. The second type was obtained by the electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in an ammo...

(This article belongs to the Section Carbon Materials)
  • Review
  • Open Access
608 Views
30 Pages

Supercapacitor in Sports E-Textiles for Sustainable Gym and Running Apparel

  • Muhammad Umar Fareed,
  • Musaddaq Azeem,
  • Ahmad Fraz,
  • Nesrine Amor and ,
  • Hafiz Muhammad Asad Ali and
  • Muhammad Tayyab Noman
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

1 September 2026

Sports e-textiles have emerged as a key component of wearable technology, enabling real-time physiological monitoring and enhanced athletic performance. However, the integration of conventional batteries into sportswear is constrained by their rigidi...

(This article belongs to the Collection Microsystem and Nanosystem Research for Sensors, Actuators and Energy Conversion Devices)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,656 Views
4 Pages

4 February 2024

In an era of sustainability and innovation, the textile industry faces the challenge of reimagining traditional materials and manufacturing for an eco-conscious future. This research presents the results from the mechanical testing of materials manuf...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Eng. Proc., 2023, E-Textiles 2023)
  • Review
  • Open Access
93 Citations
18,640 Views
24 Pages

Smart E-Textile Systems: A Review for Healthcare Applications

  • Shahood uz Zaman,
  • Xuyuan Tao,
  • Cedric Cochrane and
  • Vladan Koncar

E-textiles is a new hybrid field developed with the help of the integration of electronic components into our daily usage of textile products. These wearable e-textiles provide user-defined applications as well as normal textile clothing. The medical...

(This article belongs to the Section Bioelectronics)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,168 Views
5 Pages

It is often necessary to connect e-textile devices with power supplies and other peripherals using electrical wires. This connection is usually achieved with the use of wires that are consequently bonded to the e-textile circuit using conductive epox...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,448 Views
7 Pages

Modular E-Textile Toolkit for Prototyping and Manufacturing

  • Kamil Garbacz,
  • Lars Stagun,
  • Sigrid Rotzler,
  • Markus Semenec and
  • Malte von Krshiwoblozki

We present a novel E-textiles toolkit that can be used in the rapid prototyping of electronic textiles during the research and evaluation phase. The modular, Arduino-compatible toolkit incorporates various sensors and control and communication module...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Extended Abstract
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,060 Views
3 Pages

This research aims to identify the legislative gap that lies within textiles, electronics and nanomaterials for the safe disposal and recovery of e-textiles. [...]

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
8,245 Views
19 Pages

Intelligent RF-Based Gesture Input Devices Implemented Using e-Textiles

  • Dana Hughes,
  • Halley Profita,
  • Sarah Radzihovsky and
  • Nikolaus Correll

24 January 2017

We present an radio-frequency (RF)-based approach to gesture detection and recognition, using e-textile versions of common transmission lines used in microwave circuits. This approach allows for easy fabrication of input swatches that can detect a co...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue System-Integrated Intelligence and Intelligent Systems)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
5,083 Views
16 Pages

18 February 2020

For the improvement of the performance and function of electronic textiles (e-textiles), methods for electronic component mounting of textile circuits with electrical and mechanical durability are necessary. This manuscript presents a component mount...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,877 Views
5 Pages

Dispenser printing is a versatile way of manufacturing prototype and bespoke e-textiles that uses a robotically actuated nozzle to dispense pastes. Investigation of printing on a flat substrate, however, revealed that the nozzle must be kept between...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1,342 Views
4 Pages

6 February 2024

Laminating screen-printed, flexible transfers is a reliable method of creating electronic connections across a textile. However, their limited resolution means that it is not possible to solder on fine-pitched components. An alternative substrate, et...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Eng. Proc., 2023, E-Textiles 2023)
  • Review
  • Open Access
115 Citations
11,033 Views
27 Pages

Review on the Integration of Microelectronics for E-Textile

  • Abdella Ahmmed Simegnaw,
  • Benny Malengier,
  • Gideon Rotich,
  • Melkie Getnet Tadesse and
  • Lieva Van Langenhove

6 September 2021

Modern electronic textiles are moving towards flexible wearable textiles, so-called e-textiles that have micro-electronic elements embedded onto the textile fabric that can be used for varied classes of functionalities. There are different methods of...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Textile Materials and Fabric-Based Wearable Devices)
  • Article
  • Open Access
823 Views
17 Pages

Aging-Aware Character Recognition with E-Textile Inputs

  • Juncong Lin,
  • Yujun Rong,
  • Yao Cheng and
  • Chenkang He

9 October 2025

E-textiles, a type of textile integrated with conductive sensors, allows users to freely utilize any area of the body in a convenient and comfortable manner. Thus, interactions with e-textiles are attracting more and more attention, especially for te...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Science & Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
187 Citations
29,866 Views
13 Pages

Wearable E-Textile Technologies: A Review on Sensors, Actuators and Control Elements

  • Carlos Gonçalves,
  • Alexandre Ferreira da Silva,
  • João Gomes and
  • Ricardo Simoes

Wearable e-textiles are able to perform electronic functions and are perceived as a way to add features into common wearable textiles, building competitive market advantages. The e-textile production has become not only a research effort but also an...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Wearable Devices)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,560 Views
12 Pages

Modeling Fabric Movement for Future E-Textile Sensors

  • Roope Ketola,
  • Vigyanshu Mishra and
  • Asimina Kiourti

3 July 2020

Studies with e-textile sensors embedded in garments are typically performed on static and controlled phantom models that do not reflect the dynamic nature of wearables. Instead, our objective was to understand the noise e-textile sensors would experi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Wearable Sensor Technology in Healthcare)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,054 Views
17 Pages

Adaptive Impedance Matching Network for Contactless Power and Data Transfer in E-Textiles

  • Pim Lindeman,
  • Annemarijn Steijlen,
  • Jeroen Bastemeijer and
  • Andre Bossche

8 March 2023

One of the major challenges associated with e-textiles is the connection between flexible fabric-integrated wires and rigid electronics. This work aims to increase the user experience and mechanical reliability of these connections by foregoing conve...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sensor Technologies for Wearable Applications)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,279 Views
4 Pages

Light as a Material of E-Textile Composites

  • Barbro Scholz and
  • Berit Greinke

This paper presents initial material studies of the project Personal Wearable Lightspace. The aim of the described work is to explore how light can be considered as an inherent property of a composite material, consisting of textiles, electronics, an...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,662 Views
5 Pages

Radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) and wireless power transfer (WPT) are increasingly seen as a method of enabling sustainable computing, as opposed to mechanical or solar EH WPT does not require special materials or resonators and can be imple...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,112 Views
11 Pages

Design and Development of an E-Textile Mat for Assuring the Comfort of Bedridden Persons

  • Daniela Sofronova,
  • Radostina A. Angelova and
  • Yavor Sofronov

20 September 2021

An e-textile mat with capacitive textile sensors was designed and manufactured to monitor body position and prevent decubitus ulcers in the case of bedridden people. The sensors were incorporated through a process of machine embroidery with electrica...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multifunctional Textile Materials)
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
5,540 Views
16 Pages

16 January 2021

E-textiles reveal a new and hybrid sector of the industry that is created by the integration of electronic components or textile-based electronics in our daily life textile products. They are facing problems in terms of washability, reliability, and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Textiles and Applications)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,467 Views
12 Pages

30 October 2020

For the conductive patterns of electronic textiles (e-textiles), it is still challenging to maintain low electrical resistance, even under large or cyclic tensile deformation. This study investigated a double-layered pattern with different crack conf...

(This article belongs to the Section E: Engineering and Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
7,061 Views
15 Pages

Integration and Testing of a Three-Axis Accelerometer in a Woven E-Textile Sleeve for Wearable Movement Monitoring

  • Menglong Li,
  • Russel Torah,
  • Helga Nunes-Matos,
  • Yang Wei and ,
  • Steve Beeby,
  • John Tudor and
  • Kai Yang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

4 September 2020

This paper presents a method to integrate and package an accelerometer within a textile to create an electronic textile (e-textile). The smallest commercially available accelerometer sensor (2 mm × 2 mm × 0.95 mm) is used in the e-textile...

(This article belongs to the Section Wearables)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,483 Views
16 Pages

Study of a Narrow Fabric-Based E-Textile System—From Research to Field Tests

  • Paula Veske-Lepp,
  • Bjorn Vandecasteele,
  • Filip Thielemans,
  • Vera De Glas and ,
  • Severine Delaplace,
  • Bart Allaert,
  • Kurt Dewulf,
  • Annick Depré and
  • Frederick Bossuyt
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

17 July 2024

Electronic textiles (e-textiles) are a branch of wearable technology based on integrating smart systems into textile materials creating different possibilities, transforming industries, and improving individuals’ quality of life. E-textiles hol...

(This article belongs to the Section Wearables)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
32 Citations
5,816 Views
28 Pages

The E-Textile for Biomedical Applications: A Systematic Review of Literature

  • Giuseppe Cesarelli,
  • Leandro Donisi,
  • Armando Coccia,
  • Federica Amitrano and ,
  • Giovanni D’Addio and
  • Carlo Ricciardi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

3 December 2021

The use of e-textile technologies spread out in the scientific research with several applications in both medical and nonmedical world. In particular, wearable technologies and miniature electronics devices were implemented and tested for medical res...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Use of Motion Analysis for Diagnostics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,643 Views
15 Pages

On the Enhancement of the Long-Term Washability of e-Textile Realized with Electrically Conductive Graphene-Based Inks

  • Ilaria Improta,
  • Gennaro Rollo,
  • Giovanna Giuliana Buonocore,
  • Simona Del Ferraro and ,
  • Vincenzo Molinaro,
  • Gianni D’Addio,
  • Anna De Rosa and
  • Marino Lavorgna
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

27 March 2025

This research explores the development of highly durable flexible electronic textiles (e-textiles) for wearable electronics, focusing on improving their washability and performance. A conductive graphene-based ink was screen-printed onto a polyester...

(This article belongs to the Section Polymer Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
6,651 Views
12 Pages

22 April 2020

Electronic textiles, also known as smart textiles or smart fabrics, are one of the best form factors that enable electronics to be embedded in them, presenting physical flexibility and sizes that cannot be achieved with other existing electronic manu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensor Technology for Improving Human Movements and Postures)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,143 Views
7 Pages

Weaving Together Disciplines: Service Blueprinting for Multidisciplinary E-Textile Design

  • Melissa Esmeralda van Schaik,
  • S. A. S. Pichon,
  • M. J. Toeters,
  • E. Bottenberg and ,
  • J. F. Gonzalez and
  • J.-C. Kuhlmann
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

18 January 2024

The advancements of e-textiles have accelerated innovation in diverse fields such as wearable technology and safety but face several challenges in commercial viability. Within the field of Human–Computer Interaction (HCI), comprehensive textile...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Eng. Proc., 2023, E-Textiles 2023)
  • Abstract
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,409 Views
3 Pages

Experimental Development and Validation of an E-Textile Sleeve for Surface Electromyography

  • Armando Coccia,
  • Federica Amitrano,
  • Gaetano Pagano,
  • Arcangelo Biancardi and ,
  • Giuseppe Tombolini and
  • Giovanni D’Addio
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

This work describes the development of a leg sleeve with embedded e-textile electrodes for surface electromyography (sEMG). The novel device is a textile substrate with embedded circular electrodes made of conductive fabric, which can be connected to...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of XXXV EUROSENSORS Conference)
  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
6,787 Views
8 Pages

5 June 2018

In this paper, the utilization of common fabrics for the manufacturing of e-textile metamaterial transmission lines is investigated. In order to filter and control the signal propagation in the ultra-high frequency (UHF) range along the e-textile, a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Smart Textiles)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,744 Views
14 Pages

Influence of Sweat on Joint and Sensor Reliability of E-Textiles

  • Martin Hirman,
  • Jiri Navratil,
  • Michaela Radouchova,
  • Jiri Stulik and
  • Radek Soukup

11 January 2022

This article addresses reliability under the sweat of interconnection techniques for the mounting surface mounted device (SMD) components and fully printed humidity sensors onto conductive stretchable textile ribbons. Samples underwent testing for th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
7,934 Views
14 Pages

20 August 2021

When e-textile EMG electrodes are integrated into clothing, the fit of the clothing on the body, and therefore its pattern and cut become important factors affecting the EMG signal quality in relation to the seamless contact between the skin and the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Textiles Technologies and Wearable Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,977 Views
15 Pages

Smart e-Textile Singlet Prototype and Concept: Multi Sensor Sensing for Geriatric Monitoring

  • Tobias Steinmetzer,
  • Florian Wieczorek,
  • Anselm Naake,
  • Peter Wolf and ,
  • Alexander Braun and
  • Sven Michel
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

This paper explores the development of a Smart e-Textile Singlet designed to enhance geriatric care through continuous monitoring of vital health parameters. The proposed garment integrates various sensors to measure core body temperature, blood oxyg...

(This article belongs to the Section Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
8 Citations
7,185 Views
5 Pages

This paper outlines the development of e-textile haptic feedback gloves for virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) applications. The prototype e-textile glove contains six Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) flexible circuits embroidered on the fabric and...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Conference on the Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles)

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