Sea surface height can be measured with the delay between reflected and direct global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals. The arrival time of a feature point, such as the waveform peak, the peak of the derivative waveform, and the fraction of...
The accuracy of the timing group delay (TGD) transmitted in the broadcast ephemeris is an important factor that affects the service performance of a GNSS system. In this contribution, an apparent bias is found by comparing the orbit and clock differe...
In the field of engineering, time-delay is a typical occurrence. In reality, the inner dynamics of many industrial processes are impacted by delay or after-effect events. This paper discusses the identification of continuous-time fractional order sys...
BeiDou Global Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) broadcasts multifrequency signals that offer more choices of frequencies and more signal combinations for positioning. This paper analyzes the effect of timing group delay (TGD) and differential code...
The timing group delay parameter (TGD) or differential code bias parameter (DCB) is an important factor that affects the performance of GNSS basic services; therefore, TGD and DCB must be taken seriously. Moreover, the TGD parameter is modulated in t...
We present quad-constellation (namely, GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou and Galileo) time group delay (TGD) and differential code bias (DCB) correction models to fully exploit the code observations of all the four global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) for...
The time-varying characteristic of the bias in the GPS code observation is investigated using triple-frequency observations. The method for estimating the combined code bias is presented and the twelve-month (1 January–31 December 2016) triple-...
The recommender system (RS) has been widely adopted in many applications, including online advertisements. Predicting the conversion rate (CVR) can help in evaluating the effects of advertisements on users and capturing users’ features, playing...
This study investigated biased prediction of cumulative precipitation, using a variety of patterns of histories of cumulative precipitation, to explore how such biased prediction could delay evacuation or evacuation orders. The irrationality in predi...
Gaming is one of the largest industries of digital entertainment. Modern gaming software may be susceptible to command execution delay, which may be caused by various factors, such as insufficient rendering capabilities or limited network resources....
Due to numerous reasons, construction projects often fail to achieve the planned duration. Detecting causes of delays (CoD) is the first step in eliminating or mitigating potential delays in future projects. The goal of research is unbiased CoD detec...
The paper studies bargaining games involving players with present-biased preferences. The paper shows that the relative timing of bargaining rewards and bargaining costs will determine whether the players’ present-bias will affect bargaining ou...
Integer ambiguity resolution (IAR) is important for rapid initialization of precise point positioning (PPP). Whereas many studies have been limited to Global Positioning System (GPS) alone, there is a strong need to add Globalnaya Navigatsionnaya Spu...
Diagnostic delay (DD) is associated with poor radiological and quality of life outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The female (F) population is often misdiagnosed, as classification criteria were previously s...
Acute and chronic corticosterone (CS) elevations after traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be involved in distant hippocampal damage and the development of late posttraumatic behavioral pathology. CS-dependent behavioral and morphological changes were s...
In rapidly developing countries such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), where the construction of buildings and supporting infrastructure is critical to achieving strategic developmental milestones, delays to capital projects can derail other sect...
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is vulnerable to deliberate spoofing signal attacks. Once the user wrongly locks on the spoofing signal, the wrong position, velocity, and time (PVT) information will be calculated, which will harm the us...
This paper presents for the first time an improved algorithm for vibration amplitude-phase information extraction of capacitive microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscopes. Amplitude and phase information resulting from the improved algorithm is...
Experiences with endometriosis have been understudied in indigenous and people of colour populations. This study aimed to investigate the experiences of Māori and Pasifika endometriosis patients in Aotearoa New Zealand. Twenty-seven Māori e...
The PPP-B2b service of BeiDou-3 enables real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP) through correction information contained in B2b signals, circumventing the reliance on ground-based network infrastructures. This study comprehensively evaluates the...
For more than two decades, scholars have been escalating asymmetric information issues in megaproject management linking them to enhanced public debt concerns. Most megaprojects turn out to be a burden on economy when constructions are completed. Aut...
Background: Diagnostic delay and error represent pervasive problems in healthcare with grave implications for treatment and prognosis. Though characteristic of human cognition, cognitive biases commonly contribute to delays in the physician decision-...
Based on the ERA-5 meteorological data from 2015 to 2019, we establish the global tropospheric delay spherical harmonic (SH) coefficients set called the SH_set and develop the global tropospheric delay SH coefficients empirical model called EGtrop us...
Objectives: To compare the impact of immediate and delayed implant placement upon the survival of implants and to investigate the differences in implant survival between immediate and delayed placement in adults. Methods: A search for the relevant li...
In this paper, an online compensation method of phase delay error based on a Phase-Frequency (P-F) characteristic has been proposed for MEMS Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscopes (CVGs). At first, the influences of phase delay were investigated in the drive...
The high uncertainty of megaproject results in increasing complexity in the decision-making and ultimately leads to different degrees of cost overrun and project delays. One of the critical reasons for cost overrun and delay is the optimism bias of d...
In this paper, a complete and rigorous mathematical model for secondary surveillance radar systematic errors (biases) is developed. The model takes into account the physical effects systematically affecting the measurement processes. The azimuth bias...
A graphene plasmon waveguide composed of silicon grating substrate and a silica separator is proposed to generate the slow-light effect. A bias voltage is applied to tune the optical conductivity of graphene. The tunability of the slow-light working...
The good mechanical properties of metal nitrides make them ideal surface coatings for cutting tools and mold components. Conventional TiN coatings have largely been replaced by AlTiN due to their superior mechanical properties and resistance to high...
To obtain a higher accuracy for the real-time Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD), a refined tropospheric delay correction model was constructed by combining the tropospheric delay correction model based on meteorological parameters and the GPT3 model. T...
Using a controlled optical bias and balanced geometry, we propose a new scheme for broadband terahertz detection by laser-gas interaction without high-voltage manipulation. Compared to the conventional optical bias scheme, the common noise is reduced...
We present a detailed study of dynamic switching instability and static reliability of a Gallium Nitride (GaN) Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor High-Electron-Mobility-Transistor (MIS-HEMT) based cascode switch under off-state (negative bias) Gate bias s...
In this paper, a reduced-complexity cross-domain iterative detection for orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation is proposed that exploits channel properties in both time and delay–Doppler domains. Specifically, we first show that in...
Practical experience in the use of high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) technology has revealed that output bias current depends on the total energy output of the cathodes, which means that bias voltage settings do not necessarily match t...
We estimated the harm related to medication delivery delays across 12,474 medication administration instances in an intensive care unit using retrospective data in a large urban academic medical center between 2012 and 2015. We leveraged an instrumen...
Tropospheric delay is a major error source in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and the weighted mean temperature (Tm) is a key parameter in precipitable water vapor (PWV) retrieval. Although reanalysis products like the National Centers...
23 August 2021
Depression greatly affects sexuality. Theoretical and empirical evidence account for the existence of attention bias to sex-related stimuli. This attention bias might be impaired in depression, resulting in sexual problems. A sample of 13 patients wi...
Tropospheric delay is one of the major error sources in GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) positioning. Over the years, many approaches have been devised which aim at accurately modeling tropospheric delays, so-called troposphere models. Usin...
Most industrial processes have nonlinear and time-delay characteristics leading to difficulty in prediction modeling. In addition, the working conditions of most industrial processes are complex, which results in multiple modes. Testing and modeling...
Preterm infants are more likely to demonstrate developmental delays than fullterm infants. Postural measurement tools may be effective in measuring the center of pressure (COP) and asymmetry, as well as predicting future motor impairment. The objecti...
Digitally controlled DC–DC converters are vulnerable to sensor-side spoofing, motivating plant-level anomaly detection that respects the converter physics. We present a physics-informed LSTM (PI–LSTM) autoencoder for a 24→12 V buck c...
This paper proposes a new Asian single site tropospheric correction model called the Single Site Improved European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service model (SSIEGNOS) by refining the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) mod...
Tropospheric delay is one of the main errors affecting high-precision positioning and navigation and is a key parameter of water vapor detection in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The second Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Resear...
With the aggressive scaling of feature size, Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) and Process Variation (PV) have become major issues for circuit reliability and yield. In this paper, we analyze the variation of gate delay by jointly consider...
Power transmission (PT) projects are vital for the power sector. However, worldwide PT projects experience delay. There is an urgent need to understand the unique causes of delays in PT projects. This paper presents the first empirical study on cause...
In the last thirty years, Synthetic Aperture Radar interferometry (InSAR) and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have become fundamental space geodetic techniques for mapping surface deformations due to tectonic movements. One major limiti...
The Earth’s center of mass (CM) is defined in satellite orbit dynamics as the center of mass of the entire Earth system, including the solid Earth, oceans, cryosphere, and atmosphere. The CM can be realized using the vector from the origin of t...
The Antarctic stratospheric final warming (SFW) is usually simulated with a substantial delay in climate models, and the corresponding temperatures in austral spring are lower than observations, implying insufficient stratospheric wave drag. To inves...
Antenna arrays with adaptive filtering can protect the integrity and functionality of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers against interference. However, a major problem with existing adaptive array processing algorithms is that they c...
The receiver delay has a significant impact on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) time measurement. This article comprehensively analyzes the difficulty, composition, principle, and calculation of GNSS receiver delay. A universal method, based...
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