Persistent activation of toll-like receptors (TLR) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing proteins (NOD) in the innate immune system is one necessary driver of autoimmune disease (AD), but its mechanism remains obscure. This study c...
The prevalence of mutated species of COVID-19 antigens has provided a strong impetus for identifying a cost-effective, rapid and facile strategy for identifying the viral loads in public places. The ever-changing genetic make-up of SARS-CoV-2 posts a...
What triggers type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)? One common assumption is that triggers are individual microbes that mimic autoantibody targets such as insulin (INS). However, most microbes highly associated with T1DM pathogenesis, such as coxsackievir...
COVID-19 patients often develop coagulopathies including microclotting, thrombotic strokes or thrombocytopenia. Autoantibodies are present against blood-related proteins including cardiolipin (CL), serum albumin (SA), platelet factor 4 (PF4), beta 2...
Carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (CA19.9) is used as a tumor marker for clinical and research purposes assuming that it is abundantly produced by gastrointestinal cancer cells due to a cancer-associated aberrant glycosylation favoring its synthesis. Recent...
This paper presents a novel approach to modeling the repertoire of the immune system and its adaptation in response to the evolutionary dynamics of pathogens associated with their genetic variability. It is based on application of a dynamic programmi...
Strongyloidiasis, caused mainly by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis, is prevalent worldwide and potentially fatal in immunosuppressed patients. We report on a new IgE biomarker to diagnose Strongyloides infection. Sera from two groups infected...
Recent clinical successes of cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are rapidly changing the landscape of cancer treatment. Regardless of initial impressive clinical results though, the therapeutic benefit of ICIs appears to b...
Faced with the pandemic viral circulation of SARS-CoV-2, healthcare establishments have had to maintain an effective screening strategy in order to prevent nosocomial clusters. Automated antigenic tests appear to be a reliable and complementary alter...
Vaccines and immunotherapies depend on the ability of antibodies to sensitively and specifically recognize particular antigens and specific epitopes on those antigens. As such, detailed characterization of antibody–antigen binding provides impo...
Antigen-mimicking peptide (mimotope)-based vaccines are one of the most promising forms of active-immunotherapy. The main drawback of this approach is that it induces antibodies that react poorly with the nominal antigen. The aim of this study was to...
Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) is a powerful new biomolecular tool with a wide range of important applications. PNA mimics the behaviour of DNA and binds complementary nucleic acid strands. The unique chemical, physical and biological properties of PNA h...
Adjuvants are chemical substances used in vaccines to enhance immunogenicity. Among them, aluminum-based nanoparticles are some of the oldest and most widely employed adjuvants in vaccine formulations. A key function of aluminum adjuvants is thought...
This study investigates the feasibility of a simple electrochemical detection of Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (PCA3) fragments extracted from patients’ urine, using a thiolated single-strand DNA probe immobilized on a gold surface without using a...
Mimotope-based immunoassays offer an eco-friendly alternative to chemically synthesized antigens for the quantitative analysis of small molecules, but their use for practical on-site and high-throughput residue monitoring remains limited. Herein, we...
Herein, we report on a smart biosensing platform that exploits gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized through ssDNA self-assembled monolayers (SAM) and the DNA-directed immobilization (DDI) of DNA-protein conjugates; a novel, high-sensitivity opti...
Cross-presenting dendritic cells (DC) offer an attractive target for vaccination due to their unique ability to process exogenous antigens for presentation on MHC class I molecules. Recent reports have established that these DC express unique surface...
African Swine Fever (ASF) control is severely hampered by the reliance on slow, laboratory-bound diagnostics. While rapid, field-deployable lateral flow assays (LFAs) are urgently needed, the comparative performance of key single-antigen targets rema...
19 October 2022
Detection of Schistosoma eggs in stool or urine is known for its low sensitivity in diagnosing light infections. Alternative diagnostics with better sensitivity while remaining highly specific, such as real-time PCR and circulating antigen detection,...
Dendrimeric Antigens (DeAns) consist of dendrimers decorated with multiple units of drug antigenic determinants. These conjugates have been shown to be a powerful tool for diagnosing penicillin allergy using in vitro immunoassays, in which they are r...
Tick and tick-borne disease control have been a serious research focus for many decades. In a global climate of increasing acaricide resistance, host immunity against tick infestation has become a much-needed complementary strategy to common chemical...
Background: A major goal for the vaccine field is the elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against pathogens that exhibit extensive antigenic diversity. Methods: In this study, we designed a rigid divalent immunogen for high avidity...
There is a wide spectrum of malignant diseases that are connected with the clonal proliferation of plasma cells, which cause the production of complete immunoglobulins or their fragments (heavy or light immunoglobulin chains). These proteins may accu...
Adoptive cell therapies (ACTs) have revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the specificity and potency of T lymphocytes. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have achieved landmark successes in B-cell malignancies and multiple myeloma. Tumo...
Human Natural Killer (NK) cells are all round players in immunity thanks to their powerful and immediate response against transformed cells and the ability to modulate the subsequent adaptive immune response. The potential of immunotherapies based on...
Quantitative and robust serology assays are critical measurements underpinning global COVID-19 response to diagnostic, surveillance, and vaccine development. Here, we report a proof-of-concept approach for the development of quantitative, multiplexed...
Polymers represent materials that are applied in almost all areas of modern life, therefore, the characterization of polymer layers using different methods is of great importance. In this review, the main attention is dedicated to the non-invasive an...
Background/Objectives: Aggressive variants of prostate cancer pose significant diagnostic and prognostic challenges due to atypical imaging appearances, variable prostate-specific antigen behavior, and distinct molecular features. Conventional imagin...
Background: Immunomodulatory compounds can modify or regulate the immune responses. Given that vaccine-induced immune responses can vary in magnitude and durability depending on antigen properties and adjuvant selection. Immunomodulators that enhance...
Autoimmune cardiopathies (AC) following COVID-19 and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 occur at significant rates but are of unknown etiology. This study investigated the possible roles of viral and bacterial mimicry, as well as viral-bacterial co-infec...
In this paper, we present a highly sensitive and selective detection of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on silicon nanowire (SiNW) array device. With the help of traditional microfabrication technology, low-cost and highly controllable SiN...
The functionality of breast milk in terms of immunity is well-known. Despite this, a significant proportion of breastfed infants exhibit sensitization to different potentially allergenic proteins and clinical reactivity (including anaphylaxis) early...
Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a recognized biomarker in ovarian and endometrial cancer and over-expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The diagnostic value of HE4 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains unknown. Here we elucidate mRNA, protein a...
Dengue virus (DENV) poses a major global health concern, with over 6.5 million cases and 7300 deaths reported in 2023. Accurate serological assays are essential for tracking infection history, evaluating disease severity, and guiding vaccination stra...
The availability of yeast surface display nanobody (Nb) libraries offers a convenient way to acquire antigen-specific nanobodies that may be useful for protein structure–function studies and/or therapeutic applications, complementary to the con...
Unique peptide neo-antigens presented on the cell surface are attractive targets for researchers in nearly all areas of personalized medicine. Cells presenting peptides with mutated or other non-canonical sequences can be utilized for both targeted t...
A peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a synthetic nucleic acid mimic in which the sugar-phosphate backbone is replaced by a peptide backbone. PNAs hybridize to complementary DNA and RNA with higher affinity and superior sequence selectivity compared to DNA...
Cellular immune has an important role in response HIV infection, which is attack the infected cells to activate signaling molecule. Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) worked as complementary treatment for HIV infection. The production of ROS and RNS molecules d...
Peptide-based vaccines offer a modular and readily manufacturable platform for both prophylactic and therapeutic immunization. However, their broader translation has been constrained by the limited capacity to predict protective immunity directly fro...
The study reports a methodology of selecting the optimal receptor to create an electrochemical immunosensor for equine arteritis virus (EAV) protein detection. The detection was based on antigen recognition by antibodies immobilized on gold electrode...
Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality in women; however, technologies for early stage screening and diagnosis (e.g., mammography and other imaging technologies) are not optimal for the accurate detection of cancer. This creates demand for a mor...
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), which is caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), has occurred worldwide and poses a serious threat to the pig industry. Intestine is the main function site of PEDV; therefore, it is important to develop...
Monoclonal antibody treatment initially heralded an era of molecularly targeted therapy in oncology and is now widely applied in modulating anti-cancer immunity by targeting programmed cell receptors (PD-1, PD-L1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated p...
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based immunotherapy has shown considerable promise in cancer treatment by redirecting immune effector cells to recognize and eliminate tumor cells in an antigen-specific manner. While CAR-T cells bearing tumor-specific...
Dengue virus (DENV) has four serotypes that complicate vaccine development. Envelope protein domain III (EDIII) of DENV is a promising target for therapeutic antibody development. One EDIII-specific antibody, dubbed 1A1D-2, cross-reacts with DENV 1,...
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of certain hematologic malignancies, yet its success in solid tumors has been limited by antigen heterogeneity, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and barriers...
Published hypervariable region V-beta T cell receptor (TCR) sequences were collected from people with severe COVID-19 characterized by having various autoimmune complications, including blood coagulopathies and cardiac autoimmunity, as well as from p...
The development of subunit vaccines against African swine fever (ASF) is mainly hindered by the lack of knowledge regarding the specific ASF virus (ASFV) antigens involved in protection. As a good example, the identity of ASFV-specific CD8+ T-cell de...
The discovery of new antigens specific to multiple myeloma that could be targeted by novel immunotherapeutic approaches is currently of great interest. To this end, it is important to increase the number of proteins identified in the sample by combin...
Understanding the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in cancer patients remains a critical priority given their immunocompromised status. In this prospective observational study, we evaluated humoral and cellular immunity across three time poi...
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