You are currently on the new version of our website. Access the old version .

54 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
4,576 Views
10 Pages

23 April 2021

Three-dimensional bioprinting has attracted much attention for biomedical applications, including wound dressing and tissue regeneration. The development of functional and easy-to-handle inks is expected to expand the applications of this technology....

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
4,229 Views
18 Pages

Effect of Different Vat Polymerization Techniques on Mechanical and Biological Properties of 3D-Printed Denture Base

  • Hao-Ern Lee,
  • Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin,
  • Mohd Ifwat Mohd Ghazali,
  • Zulfahmi Said and
  • Syazwani Mohamad Zol

15 March 2023

Three-dimensional printing is increasingly applied in dentistry to fabricate denture bases. Several 3D-printing technologies and materials are available to fabricate denture bases, but there is data scarcity on the effect of printability, mechanical,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,749 Views
19 Pages

23 February 2021

Digital dentistry is increasingly replacing conventional methods of manually producing dental restorations. With regards to computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), milling is state of the art. Additive manufacturing (AM), as a complementary approach, has...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,474 Views
13 Pages

Hydroxyapatite-Resin Composites Produced by Vat Photopolymerization and Post-Processing via In Situ Hydrolysis of Alpha Tricalcium Phosphate

  • Carolina Oliver-Urrutia,
  • Lenka Drotárová,
  • Sebastián Gascón-Pérez,
  • Karel Slámečka,
  • Simona Ravaszová,
  • Ladislav Čelko and
  • Edgar B. Montufar

24 November 2023

Vat photopolymerization is an additive manufacturing technique that utilizes photosensitive resins to fabricate 3D polymeric objects with high precision. However, these objects often lack mechanical strength. This study investigated the strengthening...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,378 Views
10 Pages

Evaluation of the Effect of Ethanol on the Properties of Acrylic-Urethane Samples Processed by Vat Photopolymerization

  • Dorota Tomczak,
  • Wiesław Kuczko,
  • Ariadna B. Nowicka,
  • Tomasz Osmałek,
  • Mirosław Szybowicz,
  • Monika Wojtyłko and
  • Radosław Wichniarek

5 July 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of ethanol on the properties of acrylic-urethane resin products obtained by vat photopolymerization using the masked stereolithography method. The effect of alcohol at concentrations of 15, 25, and 3...

  • Review
  • Open Access
249 Citations
46,565 Views
44 Pages

Additive Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Review

  • Longfei Zhou,
  • Jenna Miller,
  • Jeremiah Vezza,
  • Maksim Mayster,
  • Muhammad Raffay,
  • Quentin Justice,
  • Zainab Al Tamimi,
  • Gavyn Hansotte,
  • Lavanya Devi Sunkara and
  • Jessica Bernat

23 April 2024

Additive manufacturing has revolutionized manufacturing across a spectrum of industries by enabling the production of complex geometries with unparalleled customization and reduced waste. Beginning as a rapid prototyping tool, additive manufacturing...

  • Article
  • Open Access
53 Citations
6,302 Views
13 Pages

Materials Testing for the Development of Biocompatible Devices through Vat-Polymerization 3D Printing

  • Gustavo González,
  • Désirée Baruffaldi,
  • Cinzia Martinengo,
  • Angelo Angelini,
  • Annalisa Chiappone,
  • Ignazio Roppolo,
  • Candido Fabrizio Pirri and
  • Francesca Frascella

9 September 2020

Light-based 3D printing techniques could be a valuable instrument in the development of customized and affordable biomedical devices, basically for high precision and high flexibility in terms of materials of these technologies. However, more studies...

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
5,701 Views
12 Pages

This study aims to assess the effect of printing parameters on the final tensile properties of 3D printed specimens printed through a popular vat-photopolymerization printer—‘Form 2’. Elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength and s...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
1,311 Views
20 Pages

16 October 2025

Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has rapidly evolved across various fields of medicine and dentistry, particularly in orthodontics. One key application in orthodontics is the fabrication of dental models. Numerous parameters t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
3,436 Views
29 Pages

21 November 2022

Vat photopolymerization (VPP) is an additive manufacturing process commonly used in medical applications. This work aims, for the first time in the literature, to extend and enhance the performance of a commercial medical-grade resin for the VPP proc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,330 Views
13 Pages

29 August 2023

Digital light processing (DLP) is a vat photopolymerization 3D printing technique with increasingly broad application prospects, particularly in personalized medicine, such as the creation of medical devices. Different resins and printing parameters...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
6,586 Views
17 Pages

Fracture Load of an Orthodontic Appliance for Robin Sequence Treatment in a Digital Workflow

  • Maite Aretxabaleta,
  • Alexander B. Xepapadeas,
  • Christian F. Poets,
  • Bernd Koos and
  • Sebastian Spintzyk

12 January 2021

CAD/CAM technologies and materials have the potential to improve the treatment of Robin Sequence with orthodontic appliances (Tübingen palatal plate, TPP). However, studies on the provided suitability and safety are lacking. The present study ev...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
4,916 Views
7 Pages

1 September 2022

Background: ceramic veneers, crowns, and other types of restorations are often made using either the press heating technique or the subtractive method. The advent of lithography-based ceramic manufacturing (LCM) allows for the manufacturing of such r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,797 Views
11 Pages

Strong and Lightweight Stereolithographically 3D-Printed Polymer Nanocomposites with Low Friction and High Toughness

  • Manuel Alejandro Ávila-López,
  • José Bonilla-Cruz,
  • Juan Méndez-Nonell and
  • Tania Ernestina Lara-Ceniceros

2 September 2022

Strong and lightweight polymer nanocomposites with low friction, high toughness, and complex shapes were obtained for the first time through an affordable stereolithographic 3D printer, using low amounts of TiO2 nanoparticles. Tridimensional solid st...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,544 Views
16 Pages

Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing of Hydrogels with Re-Adjustable Swelling

  • Pedro Liz-Basteiro,
  • Felipe Reviriego,
  • Enrique Martínez-Campos,
  • Helmut Reinecke,
  • Carlos Elvira,
  • Juan Rodríguez-Hernández and
  • Alberto Gallardo

25 July 2023

Vat photopolymerization typically prints highly crosslinked networks. Printing hydrogels, which are also networks but with a high swelling capacity in water and therefore with low crosslinking density, is a challenge for this technique. However, it m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
8,402 Views
16 Pages

Development of Dental Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Based Resin for Stereolithography Additive Manufacturing

  • Kentaro Hata,
  • Hiroshi Ikeda,
  • Yuki Nagamatsu,
  • Chihiro Masaki,
  • Ryuji Hosokawa and
  • Hiroshi Shimizu

17 December 2021

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is widely used in dental applications. However, PMMA specialized for stereolithography (SLA) additive manufacturing (3D-printing) has not been developed yet. This study aims to develop a novel PMMA-based resin for SLA...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,990 Views
17 Pages

Shrinkage Compensation and Effect of Building Orientation on Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Stereolithography Parts

  • Piyush Arora,
  • Khaled G. Mostafa,
  • Emmanuel Russell,
  • Shirin Dehgahi,
  • Sajid Ullah Butt,
  • Didier Talamona and
  • Ahmed Jawad Qureshi

25 September 2023

Stereolithography additive manufacturing (SLA-AM) can be used to produce ceramic structures by selectively curing a photosensitive resin that has ceramic powder in it. The photosensitive resin acts as a ceramic powder binder, which is burned, and the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,791 Views
20 Pages

Polymerization Kinetics of Acrylic Photopolymer Loaded with Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Additive Manufacturing

  • Sara Lopez de Armentia,
  • Juana Abenojar,
  • Yolanda Ballesteros,
  • Juan Carlos del Real,
  • Nicholas Dunne and
  • Eva Paz

19 December 2022

Graphene-based nanomaterials (GBN) can provide attractive properties to photocurable resins used in 3D printing technologies such as improved mechanical properties, electrical and thermal conductivity, and biological capabilities. However, the presen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,186 Views
22 Pages

12 January 2023

The objective of this article is to generate and validate a workflow that allows us to print physical twins (models) from digital twins obtained from unique buildings of our architectural heritage. These physical twins will guarantee the preservation...

  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,667 Views
26 Pages

Nano-Additive Manufacturing and Non-Destructive Testing of Nanocomposites

  • Yulong She,
  • Jie Tang,
  • Chaoyang Wang,
  • Zhicheng Wang,
  • Zhengren Huang and
  • Yong Yang

10 October 2023

In the present work, the recent advancements in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for fabricating nanocomposite parts with complex shaped structures are explained, along with defect non-destructive testing (NDT) methods. A brief overview of the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
4,442 Views
20 Pages

Printability Study of a Conductive Polyaniline/Acrylic Formulation for 3D Printing

  • Goretti Arias-Ferreiro,
  • Ana Ares-Pernas,
  • Aurora Lasagabáster-Latorre,
  • Nora Aranburu,
  • Gonzalo Guerrica-Echevarria,
  • M. Sonia Dopico-García and
  • María-José Abad

23 June 2021

There is need for developing novel conductive polymers for Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing. In this work, photorheology, in combination with Jacobs working curves, efficaciously predict the printability of polyaniline (PANI)/acrylate formu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
6,561 Views
10 Pages

This paper developed a multi-nozzle pneumatic extrusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) system and applied it to print multi-material polymers and conductive sensing pads. We used pneumatic extrusion nozzles to extrude the liquid material and then...

  • Review
  • Open Access
153 Citations
21,668 Views
69 Pages

16 June 2022

Additive manufacturing or 3D printing of materials is a prominent process technology which involves the fabrication of materials layer-by-layer or point-by-point in a subsequent manner. With recent advancements in additive manufacturing, the technolo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
920 Views
17 Pages

13 November 2025

This paper addresses the challenge of producing lightweight, low-cost, and highly functional devices and components for the electronics industry. To tackle this issue, functionally graded materials consisting of a polymer base and a metallic conducti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
486 Views
27 Pages

The Influence of Model Orientation on the Surface Roughness of Polymeric Models Produced by FFF, mSLA, PJ, and SLS Methods

  • Anna Bazan,
  • Paweł Turek,
  • Grzegorz Budzik,
  • Piotr Niesłony,
  • Roman Grygoruk and
  • Przemysław Siemiński

12 December 2025

The research methodology involved creating a 3D sample model that featured both flat and cylindrical surfaces inclined at angles ranging from 0° to 90° relative to the XY plane. The study investigated the surface topography of additively manu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
3,663 Views
17 Pages

6 January 2023

Additive manufacturing technologies are developed and utilized to manufacture complex, lightweight, functional, and non-functional components with optimized material consumption. Among them, vat polymerization-based digital light processing (DLP) exp...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
27 Citations
4,550 Views
9 Pages

Implementation of Fused Filament Fabrication in Dentistry

  • Jörg Lüchtenborg,
  • Felix Burkhardt,
  • Julian Nold,
  • Severin Rothlauf,
  • Christian Wesemann,
  • Stefano Pieralli,
  • Gregor Wemken,
  • Siegbert Witkowski and
  • Benedikt C. Spies

13 July 2021

Additive manufacturing is becoming an increasingly important technique for the production of dental restorations and assistive devices. The most commonly used systems are based on vat polymerization, e.g., stereolithography (SLA) and digital light pr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,747 Views
24 Pages

3D-Printed Plasmonic Nanocomposites: VAT Photopolymerization for Photothermal-Controlled Drug Release

  • Ignacia Paz Torres Fredes,
  • Elizabeth Nicole Cortés-Adasme,
  • Bruno Andrés Barrientos,
  • Juan Pablo Real,
  • Cesar Gerardo Gomez,
  • Santiago Daniel Palma,
  • Marcelo Javier Kogan and
  • Daniel Andrés Real

30 October 2024

Background: Gold nanoparticles can generate heat upon exposure to radiation due to their plasmonic properties, which depend on particle size and shape. This enables precise control over the release of active substances from polymeric pharmaceutical f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
3,854 Views
19 Pages

30 June 2021

In this paper, we study the capabilities of two additive manufacturing technologies for the production of lattice structures, namely material extrusion and vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing. A set of polymer lattice structures with diver...

  • Article
  • Open Access
416 Views
16 Pages

29 November 2025

There are limited material choices for vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing processes that offer high dimensional accuracy. Acrylates and epoxies are commonly used, but their thermal properties are not suitable for applications requiring hi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
6,592 Views
9 Pages

Comparison of the Accuracy between Denture Bases Produced by Subtractive and Additive Manufacturing Methods: A Pilot Study

  • Francesco Grande,
  • Fabio Tesini,
  • Mario Cesare Pozzan,
  • Edoardo Mochi Zamperoli,
  • Massimo Carossa and
  • Santo Catapano

28 March 2022

Today, two different types of CAD-CAM fabrication methods for complete denture bases are available besides the conventional protocols: a subtractive milling process from a prepolymerized block of polymethylmethacrylate and an additive manufacturing p...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,124 Views
5 Pages

Energy Absorption Capacity of Bio-Inspired Honeycomb Integrated Beetle Elytron Plates

  • Ramakrishna Doodi,
  • Kaduvula Sri Harsha,
  • Bala Murali Gunji and
  • G. S. Mahapatra

Growth in the advancement of 3D printing technology has made it easy to fabricate complicated bio-inspired structures (BISs). In this paper, the sandwich structure of the beetle elytron structure (BES) hollow cylinder, influencing every corner of the...

  • Review
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,953 Views
32 Pages

3D Printing/Vat Photopolymerization of Photopolymers Activated by Novel Organic Dyes as Photoinitiators

  • Ke Sun,
  • Xiaotong Peng,
  • Zengkang Gan,
  • Wei Chen,
  • Xiaolin Li,
  • Tao Gong and
  • Pu Xiao

19 October 2022

Even though numerous organic dyes which are used as photoinitiators/photocatalysts during photopolymerization have been systematically investigated and collected in previous reviews, further designs of these chromophores and the developments in high-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,732 Views
12 Pages

Effect of a Phosphorus Additive on Luminescent and Scintillation Properties of Ceramics GYAGG:Ce

  • Lydia V. Ermakova,
  • Valentina G. Smyslova,
  • Valery V. Dubov,
  • Daria E. Kuznetsova,
  • Maria S. Malozovskaya,
  • Rasim R. Saifutyarov,
  • Petr V. Karpyuk,
  • Petr S. Sokolov,
  • Ilia Yu. Komendo and
  • Mikhail V. Korzhik
  • + 1 author

6 July 2023

The production of scintillating ceramics can require the utilization of the phosphorus compounds at certain stages of 3D-printing, such as vat polymerization, applied for the formation of green bodies before sintering. The effect of phosphorus additi...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
11 Citations
263 Views
6 Pages

Custom Anatomical 3D Spacer for Temporomandibular Joint Resection and Reconstruction

  • John Marshall Green,
  • Sarah T. Lawson,
  • Peter C. Liacouras,
  • Edward M. Wise,
  • Michael A. Gentile and
  • Gerald Thomas Grant

Two cases are presented using a two-stage approach and a custom antibiotic spacer placement. Temporomandibular reconstruction can be very demanding and accomplished with a variety of methods in preparation of a total joint and ramus reconstruction wi...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,922 Views
21 Pages

Innovative Hybrid Nanocomposites in 3D Printing for Functional Applications: A Review

  • Nguyen Thi Kim Tuyen,
  • Dong Min Kim,
  • Jung-Woo Lee and
  • Jaehan Jung

31 October 2024

3D printing has garnered significant attention across academia and industry due to its capability to design and fabricate complex architectures. Applications such as those requiring intricate geometries or custom designs, including footwear, healthca...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,521 Views
46 Pages

The 3D Printing of Flexible Materials: Technologies, Materials, and Challenges

  • Suyun Li,
  • Zengqin Shi,
  • Yixuan Wang,
  • Wenqing Wang and
  • Rujie He

2 December 2025

Due to their unique functional properties, such as deformability, bendability, stretchability, and even biocompatibility, sensing, or actuation, flexible materials have become an indispensable and crucial component in electronic systems such as weara...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,003 Views
15 Pages

Development and 3D Printing of AESO-Based Composites Containing Olive Pit Powder

  • Giovanna Colucci,
  • Francesca Sacchi,
  • Marta Checchi,
  • Marianna Barbalinardo,
  • Francesca Chiarini,
  • Federica Bondioli,
  • Carla Palumbo and
  • Massimo Messori

3 September 2025

Bio-based polymeric composites were prepared by dispersing different amounts of olive pit (OP) powder within an acrylate epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) photocurable resin using tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (THFA) as diluent and (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,914 Views
6 Pages

3D Printed PCB Microfluidics

  • Stefan Gassmann,
  • Sathurja Jegatheeswaran,
  • Till Schleifer,
  • Hesam Arbabi and
  • Helmut Schütte

19 March 2022

The combination of printed circuit boards (PCB) and microfluidics has many advantages. The combination of electrodes, sensors and electronics is needed for almost all microfluidic systems. Using PCBs as a substrate, this integration is intrinsic. Add...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,245 Views
18 Pages

21 November 2023

The mechanical behaviors of three distinct lattice structures—Diamond, Gyroid, and Schwarz—synthesized through vat polymerization, were meticulously analyzed. This study aimed to elucidate the intricacies of these structures in terms of t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
5,917 Views
16 Pages

2 February 2023

Aluminum nitride (AlN) is an excellent material for heat sinks and is used, for example, in high-performance electronics, high-power LEDs and photovoltaics. In order to meet the constantly increasing demands on substrate materials and heat sinks resu...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
42 Citations
3,911 Views
20 Pages

Novel Push–Pull Dyes Derived from 1H-cyclopenta[b]naphthalene-1,3(2H)-dione as Versatile Photoinitiators for Photopolymerization and Their Related Applications: 3D Printing and Fabrication of Photocomposites

  • Ke Sun,
  • Shaohui Liu,
  • Corentin Pigot,
  • Damien Brunel,
  • Bernadette Graff,
  • Malek Nechab,
  • Didier Gigmes,
  • Fabrice Morlet-Savary,
  • Yijun Zhang and
  • Jacques Lalevée
  • + 1 author

15 October 2020

A series of eleven push–pull chromophores with specific structures have been designed for the free radical polymerization of acrylates, but also for the fabrication of photocomposites and 3D-printed structures. New photoinitiating systems compr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,491 Views
17 Pages

23 August 2023

Controlling the phase-separated structure of polymer alloys is a promising method for tailoring the properties of polymers. However, controlling the morphology of phase-separated structures is challenging. Recently, phase-separated structures have be...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,032 Views
13 Pages

Surface Characteristics and Microbiological Analysis of a Vat-Photopolymerization Additive-Manufacturing Dental Resin

  • Ericles Otávio Santos,
  • Pedro Lima Emmerich Oliveira,
  • Thaís Pereira de Mello,
  • André Luis Souza dos Santos,
  • Carlos Nelson Elias,
  • Sung-Hwan Choi and
  • Amanda Cunha Regal de Castro

6 January 2022

The wide application of additive manufacturing in dentistry implies the further investigation into oral micro-organism adhesion and biofilm formation on vat-photopolymerization (VP) dental resins. The surface characteristics and microbiological analy...

  • Review
  • Open Access
39 Citations
10,075 Views
46 Pages

Innovation in Additive Manufacturing Using Polymers: A Survey on the Technological and Material Developments

  • Mauricio A. Sarabia-Vallejos,
  • Fernando E. Rodríguez-Umanzor,
  • Carmen M. González-Henríquez and
  • Juan Rodríguez-Hernández

26 March 2022

This review summarizes the most recent advances from technological and physico-chemical perspectives to improve several remaining issues in polymeric materials’ additive manufacturing (AM). Without a doubt, AM is experimenting with significant...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
52 Citations
5,755 Views
22 Pages

Free Radical Photopolymerization and 3D Printing Using Newly Developed Dyes: Indane-1,3-Dione and 1H-Cyclopentanaphthalene-1,3-Dione Derivatives as Photoinitiators in Three-Component Systems

  • Ke Sun,
  • Corentin Pigot,
  • Hong Chen,
  • Malek Nechab,
  • Didier Gigmes,
  • Fabrice Morlet-Savary,
  • Bernadette Graff,
  • Shaohui Liu,
  • Pu Xiao and
  • Jacques Lalevée

24 April 2020

The design of photoinitiating systems with excellent photochemical reactivities at 405nm LED is one of the obstacles to efficiently promote free radical polymerization in mild conditions (e.g., low light intensity, under air). Here, our actual search...

  • Article
  • Open Access
61 Citations
9,110 Views
14 Pages

Special Resins for Stereolithography: In Situ Generation of Silver Nanoparticles

  • Gabriele Taormina,
  • Corrado Sciancalepore,
  • Federica Bondioli and
  • Massimo Messori

22 February 2018

The limited availability of materials with special properties represents one of the main limitations to a wider application of polymer-based additive manufacturing technologies. Filled resins are usually not suitable for vat photo-polymerization tech...

  • Review
  • Open Access
42 Citations
10,727 Views
35 Pages

4D Printing of Multicomponent Shape-Memory Polymer Formulations

  • Muhammad Yasar Razzaq,
  • Joamin Gonzalez-Gutierrez,
  • Gregory Mertz,
  • David Ruch,
  • Daniel F. Schmidt and
  • Stephan Westermann

5 August 2022

Four-dimensional (4D) printing technology, as a next-generation additive manufacturing method, enables printed objects to further change their shapes, functionalities, or properties upon exposure to external stimuli. The 4D printing of programmable a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,444 Views
15 Pages

Engineered Interleaved Random Glass Fiber Composites Using Additive Manufacturing: Effect of Mat Properties, Resin Chemistry, and Resin-Rich Layer Thickness

  • Ahmed M. H. Ibrahim,
  • Mohanad Idrees,
  • Emine Tekerek,
  • Antonios Kontsos,
  • Giuseppe R. Palmese and
  • Nicolas J. Alvarez

27 July 2023

Standard lay-up fabrication of fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) suffer from poor out-of-plane properties and delamination resistance. While advanced manufacturing techniques (e.g., interleaving, braiding, and z-pinning) increase delamination resist...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,511 Views
17 Pages

25 May 2025

The present study evaluates the viability of fabricating unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) propellers using fused filament fabrication (FFF), with an emphasis on low-cost, desktop-scale production. The study’s backdrop is the recent adoption of UAV...

of 2