4,040 Results Found

Background: Exposure time to a tuberculosis (TB) index case may be a marker of a recent latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) risk. The aim of this study was to determine the LTBI risk involved in immigrant contact based on exposure time to pulmonary...

Background: The control of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) encompasses multiple stages. The objective was to calculate the losses in the LTBI care cascade for pulmonary TB contacts in Catalonia (Spain). Methods: The LTBI care cascade was studied...

In countries with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence, the systematic testing and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) in contacts of pulmonary TB index cases is the standard of care. The objective of this study, conducted in Catalonia over 2019&ndash...

As a strategy to improve the sensitivity of nucleic acid-based testing in acid-fast bacilli (AFB) negative samples, larger volumes of sputum (5–10 mL) were tested with Xpert® MTB/RIF from 176 individuals with smear-negative sputum undergoing tubercul...

Laryngeal tuberculosis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that questions the natural history of this infection. We report one such case in which a pathological examination of a laryngeal biopsy revealed granulomatous inflammation with case...

Tuberculosis is the second leading cause of infectious deaths globally. Many effective conventional antimycobacterial drugs have been available, however, emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculos...

Since the second half of the 20th century the incidence of tuberculosis has been declining in Poland. Despite this, current epidemiological data still support the need for the continued mass BCG vaccination in Poland in the near future. Apart from th...

GeneXpert MTB/RIF is a rapid molecular diagnostic tool capable of simultaneously detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic precision of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay to detect pulmonary and ex...

The global burden of tuberculosis (TB), exacerbated by the rise of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), underscores the need for alternative intervention strategies. One promising approach is to block the infection at its earl...

The identification of a type I interferon-induced transcriptomic signature in active tuberculosis suggests a potential role for these interferons in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Comorbidities such as human immunodeficiency virus, diabetes, syste...

Tuberculosis remains a common and dangerous chronic bacterial infection worldwide. It is long-established that pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases is mainly promoted by inadequate immune responses to bacterial agents, among them Mycobacterium tu...

Introduction: Migrationof population contributes to the transmission of tuberculosis (TB), particularly multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. In the countries of Western Europe, the immigrantsí inflow contributes to the deterioration of the ep...

There are an estimated 10 million new cases of tuberculosis worldwide annually, with 282,000 new or relapsed cases each year reported from the Americas. With improvements in genome sequencing technology, it is now possible to study the genetic divers...

A case of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis with cervical lymph node tuberculosis is reported. The patient was a 20-year-old female immigrant from Vietnam and cook apprentice. Her chief complaint was left neck swelling with pain for three months. She was d...

We present a case of 39-year-old man in whom pathologic changes in the left humerus were diagnosed after one year of corticosteroid therapy due to suspicion of lung sarcoidosis. Bone biopsy was carried out with subsequent development of cutaneous fis...

Background: Anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations are critical for the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. The distribution pattern of anti-tuberculosis drugs between the blood and the vertebral focus needs to be further explored. Methods: A total of 3...

Roughly a third of the world’s population is estimated to have latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, being at risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) during their lifetime. Given the inefficacy of prophylactic measures and the increa...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) infection is an important public health concern in Taiwan. In addition to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), MTBC can also cause genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB). This study aimed to examine the role of laborator...

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, consistently threatening public health. Conventional tuberculosis treatment requires a long-term treatment regimen and is associated with side effects. The efficacy of antitubercular...

Tuberculosis remains a serious health problem worldwide. Patients with tuberculosis who also require nursing care due to aging and underlying diseases are considered to have a high mortality rate; however, there are few studies describing detailed ex...

Tuberculosis is one of the oldest known diseases and the leading communicable cause of deaths worldwide. Although several studies have been carried out on tuberculosis, no research has examined the publication trends in this area. Hence, this study a...

Introduction: The retrospective analysis of frequency of drug resistant tuberculosis XDR (XDR = MDR + resistance to: fluoroquinolones + amikacin and/or capreomycin) in Poland have been tested. Material and methods: Pattern of resistance to first, sec...

Hyperglycemia and tuberculosis are dual global pandemics. Each has a propulsive and amplifying effect on the other, and, because of this, we must consider hyperglycemia and tuberculosis together. Hyperglycemia is immunosuppressive and increases the r...

Background/Objectives: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis and the leading cause of death from a single infection with the microorganism. Tuberculosis remains globally one of the major diseases leading to high mortality...

Tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases and infectious causes of death worldwide. Over the last decades, significant research effort has been directed towards defining the understanding of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis to improv...

Mycobacterium (M.) bovis BCG vaccination is recommended for healthy babies after birth in several countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis, including Ghana. Previous studies showed that BCG vaccination prevents individuals from developing sev...

Introduction: Gastrointestinal tuberculosis is an important form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis but liver involvement is uncommon. Hepatic tuberculosis can manifest in variable manners including as a space occupying lesion, diffuse infiltration by gr...

In the conditions of the continued growth of multiple- and extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis, use of the new highly effective anti-tuberculosis drugs in this patient category is of great relevance. The aim of the study was determination the effic...

Tuberculosis is a severe infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection and poses a serious public health challenge globally. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant MTB in countries with a high burden of tuberculosis has furth...

Tuberculosis remains a significant public health challenge globally. The emergence of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains presents one of the biggest hurdles in tuberculosis management. Both first- and second-line tuberculosis drug...

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a major public health problem throughout the world and accounts for substantial morbidity and mortality rates in India, too. Early diagnosis is the corner stone of tuberculosis treatment. State-level and clu...

Contact investigations around tuberculosis patients enable early detection of infection and disease, and prevention of secondary tuberculosis cases. We aim to identify risk factors for M. tuberculosis transmission to contacts of tuberculosis patients...

The rising occurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, is a serious worldwide problem. The treatment of MDR-TB with alternative chemotherapy is difficult due to side-effects and...

The tuberculosis (TB) epidemic is most prevalent in the elderly, and there is a progressive increase in the notification rate with age. Most cases of TB in the elderly are linked to the reactivation of lesions that have remained dormant. The awakenin...

Silicosis, a preventable occupational lung disease, is associated with various diseases, including tuberculosis (TB). There is an increased lifelong risk for lung tuberculosis even if exposure to silica dust ceases. That association contributes in a...

Diagnosis of tuberculosis, and especially the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, still faces challenges in clinical practice. There are several reasons for this. Methods based on the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are insufficie...

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and it represents a persistent public health threat for a number of complex biological and sociological reasons. According to the most recent Global T...

Genotypic variation in Beijing lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), has been associated with hyper virulence and the spread of extensively and multiple drug (X/MDR) resistant MTB strains in Eastern E...

Mycobacterium bovis and other Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) pathogens that cause domestic animal and wildlife tuberculosis have received considerably less attention than M. tuberculosis, the primary cause of human tuberculosis (TB). Human...

Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem. Conventional tests are inadequate to distinguish between active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). We measured antibody responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens (My...

Background: Hearing impairment (HI) is a major problem in Ghana; however, the few attempts at shedding light on its causes appear to overlook the adverse effects of some medications—a gap that this study sought to fill. Aminoglycoside therapy f...

Globally, a quarter of the population is infected with tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. About 5–10% of latent TB infections (LTBI) progress to active disease during the lifetime. Prevention of TB and treating LTBI is a c...

Background and Objectives: There is a lack of information regarding the effective duration of treatment necessary to prevent the development of acquired resistance when fluoroquinolones (FQ), and/or pyrazinamide (Z) resistance has occurred in patient...

Introduction: The incidence of tuberculosis in Poland decreased from 128.5 in 100,000 in 1970 to 19.1 in 100,000 in 2010. In many countries, but not in Poland, according to the improvement of the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis (TB), the pr...

This study examines the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis (TB) in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan over the past seven years (2018–2024), which cover the before-, during- and after-COVID-19 periods, with a focus on the risks of...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious public health problem worldwide. Its situation is worsened by the presence of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of the disease. In recent years, even more serious forms...

Tuberculosis is the primary cause of death due to infection in the world. Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum is a diagnostic test, which can be used in screening programs—especially in countries with a high incidence of tube...

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease of global public health importance caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, this disease has worsened with the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains o...

A 78-year-old man with a previous diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis on prolonged treatment with corticosteroids presented with intense and progressive pain at the cervical level that prevented him from resting his head and walking, in addition to an...

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB), resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, continues to be one of the most important threats to controlling the TB epidemic. Over the last few years, there have been promising pharmacological advances in the p...