The observation of electromagnetic counterparts to both high energy neutrinos and gravitational waves marked the beginning of a new era in astrophysics. The multi-messenger approach allows us to gain new insights into the most energetic events in the...
IceCube currently is the largest neutrino observatory with an instrumented detection volume of 1 km3 buried in the ice-sheet close to the antarctic South Pole station. With a 4 π field of view and an up-time of >99%, it is continuously...
With the development of Internet technologies, chat environments have migrated from PCs to mobile devices. Conversations have moved from phone calls and text messages to mobile messaging services or “messengers,” which has led to a signif...
The Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite (AXIS) promises revolutionary science in the X-ray and multi-messenger time domain. AXIS will leverage excellent spatial resolution (<1.5 arcsec), sensitivity (80× that of Swift), and a large collecting a...
As the popularity of social network service (SNS) messengers (such as Telegram, WeChat or KakaoTalk) grows rapidly, cyberattackers and cybercriminals start targeting them, and from various media, we can see numerous cyber incidents that have occurred...
This review provides an overview of recent advances in multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observations of blazars, the current status of theoretical models for blazar emission, and prospects for future facilities. The discussion of observational re...
The study of flaring astrophysical events in the multi-messenger approach requires instantaneous follow-up observations to better understand the nature of these events through complementary observational data. We present Astro-COLIBRI as a platform t...
Low fluxes of astrophysical neutrinos at TeV energies, and the overwhelming background of atmospheric neutrinos below that, render the current paradigm of neutrino astronomy a severely statistics-limited one. While many hints have emerged, all the ev...
The mission concept THESEUS (Transient High Energy Sky and Early Universe Surveyor) aims at exploiting Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) to explore the early Universe, as well as becoming a cornerstone of multi-messenger and time-domain astrophysics. To achieve...
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the therapeutics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been a game-changer in the management of patients with lung cancer; however, challenges do exist since a non-negligible subset of patients...
Using data from the MESSENGER spacecraft magnetometer that describes the magnetopause and the bow shock crossing points of the Mercury’s magnetosphere, we have calculated the parameters of the paraboloids of revolution approximating the obtaine...
Testis development is a vital and tightly regulated process in mammals. Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying testis development will benefit the animal reproduction industry. Expression changes in microRNA and messenger RNA in response...
Silencing of the fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) gene and a consequent lack of FMR protein (FMRP) synthesis are associated with fragile X syndrome, one of the most common inherited intellectual disabilities. FMRP is a multifunctional p...
The COVID-19 pandemic generated interest in the medicinal applications of messenger RNA (mRNA). It is expected that mRNA will be applied, not only to vaccines, but also to regenerative medicine. The purity of mRNA is important for its medicinal appli...
During the Renaissance, Leonardo Da Vinci was the first person to successfully detail the anatomy of the aortic root and its adjacent structures. Ever since, novel insights into morphology, function, and their interplay have accumulated, resulting in...
In general populations, age-dependent renal impairment contributes to the progression of renal dysfunction. It has not been known which molecules are involved in age-dependent renal impairment. Messenger RNA (mRNA) has been reported to modulate vario...
Messenger RNA (mRNA) electroporation is a powerful tool for transient genetic modification of cells. This non-viral method of genetic engineering has been widely used in immunotherapy. Electroporation allows fine-tuning of transfection protocols for...
The Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS) on the Mercury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft has provided global images of Mercury’s surface. A subset of off-nadir observations acquired at different times r...
Colorectal cancer patients’ responses to neoadjuvant therapy undergo broad inter-individual variations. The aim of this systematic review is to identify a molecular signature that is predictive of colon cancer downstaging and/or downgrading aft...
Vaccines are actually the most effective strategy to control the COVID-19 spread and reduce mortality, but adverse reactions can occur. Skin involvement with novel messenger RNA coronavirus vaccines seems frequent but is not completely characterized....
Renal dysfunction is often associated with the inflammatory cascade, leading to non-reversible nephrofibrosis. Gene therapy has the ability to treat the pathology. However, the difficulty in introducing genes into the kidney, via either viral vectors...
Breast cancer is a frequent disease for which the discovery of markers that enable early detection or prognostic assessment remains challenging. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-stranded structures in closed loops that are produced by backsplicing...
This study examines the role of participation effort, focusing on the effect of anthropomorphic messengers’ facial expression on consumers’ perception in the context of corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR activities requiring consumer particip...
Biopharmaceutical products, in particular messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), have the potential to dramatically improve the quality of life for patients suffering from respiratory and infectious diseases, rare genetic disorders, and cancer. However,...
In addition to comprising monomers of nucleic acids, nucleotides have signaling functions and act as second messengers in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The most common example is cyclic AMP (cAMP). Nucleotide signaling is a focus of great in...
Plants are subject to different types of stress, which consequently affect their growth and development. They have developed mechanisms for recognizing and processing an extracellular signal. Second messengers are transient molecules that modulate th...
Cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is a bacterial second messenger discovered in Bacillus subtilis and involved in potassium homeostasis, cell wall maintenance and/or DNA stress response. As the role of c-di-AMP has been mostly studied in F...
The concentrations of some key metabolic intermediates play essential roles in regulating the longevity of the chronologically aging yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These key metabolites are detected by certain ligand-specific protein sensors that re...
Since the discovery of cyclic dimeric guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (c-di-GMP) in 1987, the role of cyclic dinucleotides in signal pathways has been extensively studied. Many receptors and effectors of cyclic dinucleotides have been identified which...
Second messengers are intracellular substances regulated by specific external stimuli globally known as first messengers. Cells rely on second messengers to generate rapid responses to environmental changes and the importance of their roles is becomi...
Transport of messenger RNA (mRNA) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is an essential step of eukaryotic gene expression. In the cell nucleus, a precursor mRNA undergoes a series of processing steps, including capping at the 5' ends, splicing and clea...
(1) Background: In limited-resource settings such as the Dominican Republic, many factors contribute to poor health outcomes experienced by adolescent mothers, including insufficient support and/or health knowledge. In response, we designed a digital...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are widely considered key to pathogenesis in chronic metabolic disease. Consequently, much attention is rightly focused on minimising oxidative damage. However, for ROS production to be most effectively modulated, it is...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by a deficiency in cognitive skills. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proposed as associated with AD, the aberrant lncRNAs expression and the co-express...
Widely accepted practices for the development of health education materials include the use of theoretically driven content, the execution of plain language writing and design strategies, the solicitation of community input, and a plan for disseminat...
23 July 2019
Currently about 2.71 billion humans use a smartphone worldwide. Although smartphone technology has brought many advances, a growing number of scientists discuss potential detrimental effects due to excessive smartphone use. Of importance, the likely...
Ca2+-mobilizing adenine nucleotide second messengers cyclic adenosine diphosphoribose, (cADPR), nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), adenosine diphosphoribose (ADPR), and 2′deoxy-ADPR were discovered since the late 1980s. They...
4 October 2024
The purpose of the Diné Teachings and Public Health Students Informing Peers and Relatives about Vaccine Education (RAVE) project was to develop strategies for health communication that addressed COVID-19 vaccine safety for residents of the Na...
Over two decades of preclinical and clinical experience have confirmed that gene therapy-activated matrices are potent tools for sustained gene modulation at the implantation area. Matrices activated with messenger RNA (mRNA) are the latest developme...
Quantum gravity (QG) remains elusive despite almost century-long efforts to combine general relativity and quantum mechanics. All the approaches triggered and powered by purely theoretical considerations eventually failed with a prevailing feeling of...
Background: This study aims to investigate the extent of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine-induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in a large cohort of Italian subjects belonging to the early vaccinated cohort in Italy. Methods: A prospective study was conduct...
The vast potential of non-viral delivery systems of messenger RNA (mRNA) and plasmid DNA (pDNA) has been demonstrated in the vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [...]
Primordial black holes (PBH), if survive to the present time, can be a fraction, or even the dominant form of dark matter of the Universe. If PBH evaporate before the present time, rare forms of dark matter like superweakly interacting or supermassiv...
The muscular systems of echinoderms play important roles in various physiological and behavioral processes, including feeding, reproduction, movement, respiration, and excretion. Like vertebrates, echinoderm muscle systems can be subdivided into two...
The idea of massive graviton plays a fundamental role in modern physics as a landmark of most scenarios related to modified gravity theories. Limits on graviton mass can be obtained through different methods, using all the capabilities of multi-messe...
In botnets, a bot master regularly sends command and control messages (C & C messages) to bots for various purposes, such as ordering its commands to bots and collecting critical data from bots. Although such C & C messages can be encrypted b...
This study focuses on digital forensic investigations of the databases used in an instant messenger application. Instant messengers store and manage user data in databases, which can be encrypted for privacy protection. We proposed a method to identi...
Pathogenic bacteria causing human rickettsioses, transmitted in nature by arthropod vectors, primarily infect vascular endothelial cells lining the blood vessels, resulting in ‘endothelial activation’ and onset of innate immune responses....
Translation initiation is a key step in the protein synthesis stage of the gene expression pathway of all living cells. In this important process, ribosomes have to accurately find the AUG start codon in order to ensure the integrity of the proteome....
Inositol poly- and pyrophosphates (InsPs and PP-InsPs) are central eukaryotic messengers. These very highly phosphorylated molecules can exist in two distinct conformations, a canonical one with five phosphoryl groups in equatorial positions, and a &...
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