The liver lymphatic system plays an essential role during the progression of cirrhotic portal hypertension (PHT), featuring significantly enhanced lymphangiogenesis. However, the role of liver lymphatic functional drainage is understudied in cirrhosi...
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is believed to increase the risk of autoimmune diseases, including the autoimmune demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS), in humans. The adaptive immune response against one of the key MS autoantigens, myelin...
Glioma is the most prevalent and aggressive brain tumor with high recurrence rates and poor survival. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a major periodontal pathogen, has emerged as a potential contributor to neurological diseases. However, wh...
In humans, low expression of DIAPH3 is associated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma patients. In mice, DIAPH3 loss induces aberrant mitosis, chromosomal instability, and cell death; whereas the combined loss of DIAPH3 and p53 causes high-grade diff...
PTEN loss activates PI3K–AKT signaling, and mTORC1 stimulates pyrimidine synthesis through S6K1-mediated CAD phosphorylation. This exploratory public-data analysis tested whether PTEN deletion in primary prostate cancer is associated with CAD,...
Atherosclerotic carotid plaques are shaped by years of interaction between systemic risk factors, hematopoietic conditioning, vascular injury, and local immune responses, yet conventional assessment captures only a limited snapshot of this biological...
There is a rapid increase in early onset CRC worldwide. This incidence is profoundly influenced by biological aging in the colon, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely defined. This review critically evaluates evidence supporting proposed...
Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (Mmp2, also known as gelatinase A) is a zinc-dependent endopeptidase, and mutations in human MMP2 can lead to some human diseases. However, the underlying function and mechanism of mmp2 during eye development are still uncl...
Pachymic acid (PA), a major bioactive component of Poria cocos, suppresses colorectal cancer (CRC) proliferation and invasion by disrupting glycolysis. However, its antitumor activity and underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo remain unclear. RNA...
Kindlins are essential for integrin activation and mechanoresponses. In the epidermis, inherited loss-of-function of the FERMT1 gene, which encodes Kindlin-1, increases the risk of developing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Notably, the rol...
Missense variants in PMS2 remain difficult to interpret in Lynch Syndrome (LS), particularly when clinical evidence is limited. We investigated the PMS2, NM_000535.7: c.2103T>A; p.His701Gln (p.H701Q) variant, currently classified as a variant of u...
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of membrane receptors that regulate a vast variety of cellular functions and serve as important therapeutic targets. A fundamental but poorly addressed question in GPCR biology is how...
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly metastatic epithelial malignancy with limited therapeutic options for advanced disease. Timosaponin AIII (TSAIII), a natural steroidal saponin, exhibits antitumor activity; however, its effects o...
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are considered promising biological carriers for biomolecule and drug delivery because of their inherent biological activities, biocompatibility, and capacity to carry a variety of therap...
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) have been implicated in cancer biology, but their functional relevance in prostate adenocarcinoma (PAC) remains unclear. Therefore, we characterized TRPA1/TRPV1 expression and fun...
Protein tyrosine sulfation (PTS), an important post-translational modification (PTM), has garnered increasing attention in life sciences in recent years. Following classical and emerging PTMs such as phosphorylation, lactylation, acetylation, and pal...
Insulin-sensitive tissues, including skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver, are central regulators of systemic glucose and lipid homeostasis. Insulin signaling disruption in these tissues is a key pathological feature underlying insulin resistan...
Magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) stones feature a markedly high recurrence rate. The inflammatory microenvironment contributes to MAP crystal-induced urothelial injury, yet the specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, MAP cryst...
Maternal stressors during pregnancy are linked to adverse birth outcomes, but the biochemical pathways involved remain poorly defined. We previously reported that the human placenta buffers the fetus from several effects of maternal perceived stress...
Transcripts annotated as non-coding can yield both an RNA molecule and a translated product, complicating causal attribution in skeletal muscle. Three distinct claims require different evidence: a product exists, the nominated RNA generated it, and t...
Bovine mastitis is a major infectious disease in dairy cattle, and the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens has created an urgent need for the development of effective antimicrobial agents. In this study, bovine enteric β-d...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common malignancies worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Recent advances in CRC molecular biology have focused on biomarkers for early detection, prognostic stratification, treatme...
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small population of cancer cells that endow unique traits of self-renewal, differentiation, tumorigenicity, quiescence and therapeutic resistance, ultimately leading to cancer relapse and poor prognosis. Conventional ch...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects millions of people worldwide, resulting in persistent direct and secondary effects including but not limited to motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction. The widespread nature of this condition, as well as its detrim...
This study investigated the formation of the contractile apparatus in bivalve mollusk larvae. Elucidation of the molecular aspects of larval development in bivalves is significantly complicated by the lack of antibodies that can selectively label pro...
Resistance to chemotherapy continues to be a significant challenge for cancer treatment and a contributing factor to treatment failures and tumor progression. Recently, the gut microbiome has emerged as an important modulator of the response to chemo...
Plants rarely encounter environmental constraints in isolation. Water deficit, temperature extremes, salinity, flooding, excessive irradiance, nutrient imbalance, herbivory, and microbial infection frequently overlap in time and space, creating compo...
Gastric organoids are advanced three-dimensional models generated from adult or pluripotent stem cells. By reproducing key structural, cellular, and functional features of gastric tissue, they overcome several limitations of conventional two-dimensio...
This study investigated the distribution of IgA-expressing cells in human ocular tissues and IgA subclass profiles in Schirmer strip extracts from patients with dry eye disease (DED) and primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). Immunofluorescence...
Premenopausal women without diabetes have a well-established cardiovascular advantage over men of the same age, mainly due to the benefits of estrogen, which has vasoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects on the vascular endothelium....
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent sustained cardiac arrhythmia worldwide; hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for AF and contributes to both its initiation and maintenance. This study investigated the contribution of e...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry status quo messages across the body that can help decode the long-term impact of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). Here, we analyzed paired peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-EVs (pre- and 6&...
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Temperature is a fundamental physical variable affecting protein folding, proteostasis, cell-cycle kinetics, and immune function, yet cancer cell biology is performed almost exclusively at a fixed 37 °C, and distinct thermal phenomena are often c...
Stem cell-based therapies have emerged as promising strategies for neurodegenerative disorders, partly supported by the concept of central nervous system immune privilege, which has encouraged xenogeneic transplantation approaches under the assumptio...
Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are widely used as seed cells in bone tissue engineering. However, sufficient cell quantities for effective engineering typically require prolonged in vitro expansion of BMSCs, which can lead...
The development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains challenging, underscoring the need for reliable preclinical models. Although AML cell lines are widely used in CAR-T studies, their ability t...
Bone remodeling requires coordinated transcriptional regulation across osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. Histone acetylation connects cellular metabolism to these lineage-specific programs, yet its regulatory effects depend not simply on tota...
NF-κB-activating protein (NKAP) gene maps to Xq24 and encodes a nuclear protein involved in NF-κB transcription factor activation. Missense variants in NKAP have previously been reported in males with X-linked intellectual disability. Her...
For young and middle-aged patients with irreparable meniscal tears, preserving or restoring meniscal tissue is critical to maintaining joint function and delaying osteoarthritis. Yet, when repair is not feasible, partial meniscectomy remains common a...
The stress-inducible molecular chaperone HSP90α, encoded by Hsp90aa1, plays an essential role in male reproduction. Systemic Hsp90aa1 deficiency causes pachytene arrest, germ cell loss, and azoospermia. However, systemic models cannot distingui...
Metabolic reprogramming is a well-established hallmark of cancer, contributing to adverse behaviors like invasion, metastasis and recruitment of tissue-resident cells to the tumor microenvironment. Among recruitment capabilities, innervation has emer...
The rapid increase in experimentally resolved G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)–biologic complexes has substantially improved our understanding of the molecular basis of receptor recognition and modulation. However, despite the growing number o...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with no effective treatments. It is characterized by rapid progression and marked heterogeneity, which contributes to therapeutic resistance. Human cytomegalovirus (hCMV), a highly prevalent &beta...
Cervical cancer and breast cancer represent two serious challenges in modern gynecological oncology. Despite their anatomical accessibility for screening, significant investments in research, and the development of therapeutic strategies, their globa...
Metabolic reprogramming is increasingly recognized as a fundamental component of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) biology, but AML cannot be defined by a single metabolic phenotype. Leukemic cells occupy dynamic metabolic states shaped by differentiation...
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), particularly its clear-cell subtype (ccRCC), is characterized by metabolic reprogramming and a complex tumor microenvironment that influence responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Despite clinical advances, ther...
Lithium is widely used to treat psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder. However, long-term lithium therapy is frequently associated with acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a disorder characterized by impaired urinary concentrat...
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as major regulators of gene expression and cellular homeostasis, with growing evidence supporting their involvement in cardiovascular physiology and disease. This review summarizes the classification, mechanisms...
Sensory dysfunction, such as olfactory and visual deficits, is a notorious symptom during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementia (ADRD). The causal factor/s and structural disruptions underlying the sensory dysfunction...
