2026 June-2 - 90 articles
Cardiomyopathies are traditionally classified by structural and genetic phenotypes, but emerging evidence highlights chronic myocardial inflammation as a pivotal driver of disease progression across different etiologies. This review synthesizes the c...
Precise manipulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) by CRISPR-Cas systems remains challenging, largely due to inefficient import of guide RNAs, motivating the exploration of alternative programmable nucleases. Here, we show that prokaryotic Argonaute n...
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease characterized by a complex and dynamic interplay between immune dysregulation and epidermal barrier dysfunction. Emerging evidence supports an integrated pathogenic model i...
Maternal psychoactive substance use during pregnancy represents a major threat to placental integrity and fetal development. As the central interface for maternal–fetal exchange, the placenta is highly susceptible to psychoactive substances, in...
Background: Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) functions as an anti-atherogenic neuropeptide. Maxadilan, a PAC1 receptor agonist, offers atheroprotection by acting downstream of vascular inflammation caused by hypercholesterol...
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and is strongly associated with atrial structural remodeling driven by activated cardiac fibroblasts. Autophagy has been implicated in AF-related atrial remodeling;...
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key antigen-presenting cells essential for the initiation of immune responses. Their migration is tightly regulated by adhesive structures, including podosomes and focal adhesions (FAs), allowing for interactions with the ex...
ARGLU1 (Arginine and Glutamate Rich1) is a newly identified nuclear protein with suggested multifunctional roles that may be implicated in the pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance of glioma, the most common primary malignant brain tumor. The high...
Cellular senescence is a state of stable cell cycle arrest triggered by various internal and external stressors. It represents an important tumor-suppressive mechanism that effectively prevents the proliferation of damaged cells. During tumor initiat...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease primarily characterized by chronic, erosive polyarthritis. It is associated with a high rate of disability, and its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Uncontrolled chronic inflammation, sy...
The potential health hazards caused by microwave exposure have attracted increasing attention. Microwave radiation has been reported to induce oxidative stress in neural tissues, which is considered one of the primary mechanisms underlying its advers...
Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a chronic disease characterized by decreased bone mass and altered microarchitecture, leading to bone fragility and fracture risk. To date, although carbohydrate-binding proteins Galectins 1 and 3 (Gal-1/Gal-3) have b...
Xylazole is a sedative and analgesic agent widely used in Chinese veterinary practice, valued for its convenient administration and effectiveness. This study aimed to clarify its mechanism of action by investigating the effects on cAMP and monoamine...
Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (eCRS) is an upper respiratory condition frequently associated with olfactory dysfunction (OD). Despite its high prevalence, the mechanisms underlying OD remain poorly understood. Several eCRS models have been desc...
Aberrant RNA splicing and metabolic reprogramming are defining hallmarks of cancer that were historically studied as parallel processes. Increasing evidence now reveals extensive crosstalk between these pathways, whereby RNA splicing reshapes metabol...
Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid that is important for endothelial homeostasis, while endothelial cell dysfunction is associated with altered glutamine metabolism and shifts toward stress-responsive pathways. We investigated the role...
Background: The tumor immune microenvironment, particularly the role of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes, is crucial in cancer progression but remains poorly understood in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). The significance of CD8+ cell infiltrat...
B cell activation requires the formation of an immune synapse (IS), where coordinated cytoskeletal remodeling and organelle dynamics enable antigen extraction and presentation. While mitochondria are known to regulate cellular metabolism during activ...
While chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapies have shown significant effectiveness in hematological malignancies, their efficacy in solid tumors remains limited by the hostile tumor microenvironment (TME) and antigen heterogeneity. Recently,...
Cigarette smoke is a major inducer of oxidative stress, promoting reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and contributing to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Heated tobacco products (HTP) and e-cig...
Autoimmune myocarditis frequently progresses to inflammatory cardiomyopathy through dysregulated immune–stromal interactions. This study employs single-nuclei RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) to profile 46,233 cardiac nuclei from the experimental aut...
Introduction: Neuroinflammation is a key feature of both Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and glioblastoma, although it leads to different outcomes in each disorder. In AD, chronic activation of microglia and astrocytes by amyloid-β and tau contri...
Sharp wave–ripples (SWRs) are transient hippocampal population events that coordinate neuronal ensemble activity and play a central role in memory consolidation and affective processing. Although SWRs exhibit marked functional specialization al...
Background: The growing complexity of liquid biopsy in precision oncology demands a structured classification framework that can accommodate its expanding multi-omic scope. As the field has matured from early Tumor Microemboli research—focused...
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) constitute a resilient tumor subpopulation responsible for multidrug resistance, metastasis, and clinical relapse. A cardinal hallmark of these cells is profound metabolic plasticity. This dynamic defense mechanism facilitate...
The canonical transsulfuration (TSS) pathway enzymes cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH) are traditionally recognized for their roles in the sequential conversion of homocysteine to cysteine and in endogenous hyd...
Regenerative medicine integrates interdisciplinary approaches towards restoring the function of diseased organs. This study examined alterations that occurred in the liver under a high-fat diet (HFD) with the development of obesity and fatty liver, a...
Peripheral arterial disease and critical limb-threatening ischemia remain major clinical challenges, particularly in patients who are not candidates for surgical or endovascular revascularization. These limitations have stimulated extensive investiga...
Ischemic stroke triggers a severe redox disequilibrium that critically shapes cell survival within the penumbra. Although oxidative DNA damage arises from excessive ROS production, the capacity to repair such lesions is tightly constrained by cellula...
Renal-resident macrophages (RMs) are essential regulators of kidney homeostasis and repair, yet the mechanisms governing RM niche regeneration after acute depletion remain poorly defined. To overcome these limitations, we have developed an inducible...
Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of abnormal tau protein, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. Because of neurons’ high energy demands, such impairments significantly contribute to neurona...
Metabolic dysfunction and proteinopathy are hallmarks of neurodegenerative disease, yet their mechanistic interplay remains poorly understood. Here, we show that loss of the neuronal NAD+-synthesizing enzyme Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransf...
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a class of immature, heterogenous, and functionally immunosuppressive myeloid progenitors that are expanded in malignant disease including glioblastoma (GBM). Extensive preclinical evaluation of GBM has re...
Opsins are the light receptors in retinal rod and cone photoreceptor cells that initiate vision in response to a light stimulus. Rhodopsin is the opsin in rods, and the influence of mutations that disrupt its structure and function has been character...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, and first-line systemic treatment has shifted toward immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combinations. Response is heterogeneous, and mechanistic...
Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) shape epithelial and immune homeostasis, yet systemic SCFA profiles may diverge from gut microbial composition due to absorption and host metabolism. We quantified fasting serum SCFAs in 36 surgi...
Dysregulated lipid metabolism is a core pathogenic driver of type 2 diabetes. Honokiol (HKL), the major bioactive constituent of Magnolia officinalis, possesses anti-diabetic and lipid-regulatory properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanis...
Neonatal hyperoxia induces oxidative stress that disrupts neurodevelopmental processes. While dexmedetomidine (DEX) exhibits acute neuroprotective properties, its long-term impact on developmental trajectories during recovery remains incompletely und...
iPSC technology is well established in mammals but remains underdeveloped in non-mammalian species. A major barrier to generating avian iPSCs has been the lack of species-specific reprogramming factors and culture conditions capable of supporting sel...
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) represents the final common pathway leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite fibrosis being well established as a key pathological hallmark, the molecular mediators that driv...
Prostate cancer progression and therapy response are strongly influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly stromal fibroblasts that regulate survival signaling, metabolism, and drug resistance. In this study, we investigated whether e...
Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is essential for mitochondrial dynamics in skeletal muscle, particularly in regulating fission, mitophagy, and maintaining mitochondrial function. Exercise is crucial for sustaining muscle function, promoting mitochon...
The axis linking the gut to the brain to the immune system connects all tissues involved—bacteria, immune cells, metabolism and the CNS—through a multidirectional communication network. Several studies have confirmed that when this axis i...
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain malignancy with limited treatment options and poor clinical outcomes. There is growing interest in using Zika virus as a treatment for GBM due to its selectivity in finding and killin...
Glioblastoma (GB) remains one of the most therapy-resistant solid tumors, characterized by profound metabolic plasticity, intratumoral heterogeneity, and a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment. While immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen rece...
The hypothalamus is a conserved structure in the brain of vertebrates that plays key roles in the organism’s homeostasis through different functions, including regulation of temperature, sleep, energy balance and reproduction. The hypothalamus...
Accurately quantifying the expression of individual transcript isoforms remains a formidable challenge, especially in contexts such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancers, which are characterized by high isoform diversity. The present study introd...
Acute ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability globally, characterized by a complex and temporally structured cascade of cellular and molecular events. Although reperfusion therapies have improved outcomes, their narro...
Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) comprise a heterogeneous spectrum of developmental disorders and represent the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease in the pediatric population. A...
Background: Early endolysosomal and autophagic defects are among the earliest cellular alterations observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms linking amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism to vesicle trafficking...
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