Skip to Content

Photonics, Volume 12, Issue 3

2025 March - 120 articles

Cover Story: Cutting-edge multi-terawatt, picosecond, long-wave infrared (LWIR) laser systems based on CO2 gas laser amplifiers are extensively utilized in experimental research exploiting wavelength scaling of fundamental physical effects. Their significance will be further enhanced following the current technology upgrade to femtosecond pulse duration. Spearheading this advancement, the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) offers researchers access to this innovative laser capability along with synchronized multi-MeV electron beams from a high-brightness RF linac. This combination facilitates a wide range of experimental programs in advanced accelerator and radiation sources research. Highlighted on the front page is the mapping of LWIR laser-produced plasma wake fields using electron beam tomography. View this paper
  • Issues are regarded as officially published after their release is announced to the table of contents alert mailing list .
  • You may sign up for email alerts to receive table of contents of newly released issues.
  • PDF is the official format for papers published in both, html and pdf forms. To view the papers in pdf format, click on the "PDF Full-text" link, and use the free Adobe Reader to open them.

Articles (120)

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,212 Views
9 Pages

Electromagnetically induced transparency based on bound states in the continuum (EIT-BIC) has emerged as a significant research focus in photonics due to its exceptionally high quality factor (Q-factor). This study investigates a periodic dielectric...

  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,958 Views
21 Pages

Recent Advances in Integrated Vibration Sensing and Communication in Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing Systems

  • Bang Yang,
  • Jianwei Tang,
  • Linsheng Fan,
  • Yaguang Hao,
  • Chen Cheng,
  • Shangyi Wang,
  • Shuang Gao,
  • Zhongliang Sun,
  • Junpeng Liang and
  • Jinlong Wei
  • + 2 authors

Digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) systems offer flexibility and software configurability, making them promising for point-to-multipoint (P2MP) communications. Meanwhile, DSCM systems exhibit enhanced communication damage tolerance and capabiliti...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
832 Views
8 Pages

Broadband On-Chip Directional Coupler with Oblique Nanoslits

  • Can Chen,
  • Qingfang Wang,
  • Jinzhan Zhong,
  • Xinrui Lei and
  • Qiwen Zhan

Directional coupling of light at the nanoscale plays a significant role in both fundamental research and practical applications, which are crucial for the development of on-chip photonic devices. In this work, we propose a broadband directional coupl...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1,304 Views
8 Pages

Toroidal vortices, as intriguing topological structures, play a fundamental role across a wide range of physical fields. In this study, we theoretically propose a family of structured optical toroidal vortices as generalized forms of toroidal vortice...

  • Article
  • Open Access
920 Views
12 Pages

Simulation Study of Readily Manufactured High-Performance Polarization Gratings Based on Cured HSQ Materials

  • Jiatong Liu,
  • Jun Xu,
  • Ruiting Hao,
  • Gang Chen,
  • Wen Wang,
  • Pengcheng Sheng,
  • Huizi Li and
  • Yunzhi Wang

Polarimetric imaging technology captures both traditional intensity information and multidimensional polarization data, significantly enhancing target–background contrast and boosting detection system recognition. However, monolithic integratio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,107 Views
14 Pages

Inverse Design of Wavelength-Selective Film Emitter for Solar Thermal Photovoltaic System

  • Wenxiao Long,
  • Yulian Li,
  • Yuanlin Chen,
  • Qiulong Chen and
  • Dengmei Yu

Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is developing quickly due to the continual rise in demand for energy and environmental protection. Solar thermal photovoltaic (STPV) systems can break the Shockley–Queisser limit of conventional PV systems by...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,943 Views
13 Pages

A spatial light modulator (SLM) is a key element in several applications, but it is subject to surface deformation due to manufacturing imperfections or environmental factors. Therefore, the current study aims to analyze and compensate for such defor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,863 Views
11 Pages

Rapid and precise detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at trace levels is critical for industrial safety and environmental air quality monitoring, yet existing methods often struggle with cost, speed, or sensitivity. A cost-effective cavity ring-down...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
677 Views
11 Pages

In this paper, we had designed a microwave band permittivity sensor based on analog electromagnetic-induced transparency (A-EIT). By comparing the S-parameter changes of the tested sample before and after measurement, we can calculate the permittivit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,029 Views
11 Pages

W-Band Ultra-Thin Broadband Metamaterial Absorber—Design and Applications

  • Jianfei Zhu,
  • Yiwei Sheng,
  • Li Chen,
  • Guoliang Gao,
  • Minchao Shi,
  • Zhiping Yin and
  • Jun Yang

This paper presents a flexible and broadband metamaterial absorber (MA) with a sandwich structure for W-band absorption. The MA uses a thin FR4 material as the dielectric layer and incorporates multiple patches of varying sizes as the top pattern lay...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2,919 Views
25 Pages

Optical techniques to study neuronal activity have greatly advanced the field of neuroscience over recent decades. Multichannel silicon-based recording probes combined with optical fibers allow for simultaneous recording and manipulation of neuronal...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,239 Views
14 Pages

Pump-Probe Detection of Diamond Ionization and Ablation Induced by Ultra-Fast Laser

  • Jinpeng Duan,
  • Yiying Song,
  • Jiawei Wu,
  • Shusen Zhao,
  • Xuechun Lin and
  • Yajun Pang

Diamond, widely used in optoelectronic devices, plays a crucial role in improving performance through studies of its electronic structure and optoelectronic response. This study combines computational methods and experiments for analysis. Density fun...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,347 Views
16 Pages

Single-View Encoding of 3D Light Field Based on Editable Field of View Gaussian Splatting

  • Shizhou Shi,
  • Chaoqun Ma,
  • Jing Liu,
  • Changpei Ma,
  • Feng Zhang and
  • Xiaoyu Jiang

The paper presents an efficient light field image synthesis method based on single-viewpoint images, which can directly generate high-quality light field images from single-viewpoint input images. The proposed method integrates light field image enco...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,217 Views
16 Pages

Optical neural networks are hardware neural networks implemented based on physical optics, and they have demonstrated advantages of high speed, low energy consumption, and resistance to electromagnetic interference in the field of image processing. H...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,531 Views
23 Pages

Enhancing Selective Laser Melting Quality of High-Performance Aluminum Alloys Through Laser Parameter Optimization: A Coupled Multiphysics Simulation Study

  • Yu Xia,
  • Xing Peng,
  • Shucheng Li,
  • Haozhe Li,
  • Bo Wang,
  • Xinjie Zhao,
  • Feng Shi,
  • Shuo Qiao,
  • Shiqing Li and
  • Xiang Sun

Laser additive manufacturing (AM) technology has become an important method for the manufacturing of high-performance aluminum alloy parts. However, the thermal effect of the molten pool and the defect formation mechanism are still the key issues res...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,171 Views
13 Pages

An electrically injected vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with quantum-well-embedded InGaN quantum dots (QDs) as the active region was designed. The InGaN QD size and cavity length were optimized using PICS3D simulation software to achi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
880 Views
12 Pages

Multi-Beam-Energy Control Unit Based on Triple-Bend Achromats

  • Liuyang Wu,
  • Zihan Zhu,
  • Bingyang Yan,
  • Jiawei Yan and
  • Haixiao Deng

X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) are the new generation of particle accelerator-based light sources, capable of producing tunable, high-power X-ray pulses that are increasingly vital across various scientific disciplines. Recently, continuous-wave...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,404 Views
9 Pages

A period-reconfigurable leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with circular polarization (CP) and fixed-frequency beam scanning (FFBS) is developed in this article. Operating in the Ka-band, this antenna consists of a low-loss groove gap waveguide (GGW) as the sl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
6,501 Views
17 Pages

Membrane-Mediated Conversion of Near-Infrared Amplitude Modulation into the Self-Mixing Signal of a Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser

  • Paolo Vezio,
  • Andrea Ottomaniello,
  • Leonardo Vicarelli,
  • Mohammed Salih,
  • Lianhe Li,
  • Edmund Linfield,
  • Paul Dean,
  • Virgilio Mattoli,
  • Alessandro Pitanti and
  • Alessandro Tredicucci

A platform for converting near-infrared (NIR) laser power modulation into the self-mixing (SM) signal of a quantum cascade laser (QCL) operating at terahertz (THz) frequencies is introduced. This approach is based on laser feedback interferometry (LF...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,447 Views
8 Pages

Ag-Grid and Ag-Nanowires Hybrid Transparent Electrodes to Improve Performance of Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Devices

  • Hao Yang,
  • Yangang Bi,
  • Shirong Wang,
  • Congfang Wang,
  • Haipeng Wang,
  • Gaoda Ye and
  • Jing Feng

Flexible transparent conductive electrodes, with high optical transmittance, electrical conductivity, and flexible stability, still challenge the commercial development of flexible organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). In this work, a novel Ag-grid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,356 Views
16 Pages

This paper proposes an accuracy enhancement method for fiber-longitudinal power profile estimation (PPE) based on convolutional neural networks (CNN). Two types of CNNs are designed. The first network treats different polarization streams identically...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,601 Views
9 Pages

High-Power KTiOAsO4 Optical Parametric Oscillator at 300 Hz

  • Tao Li,
  • Jun Meng,
  • Gaoyou Liu and
  • Zhaojun Liu

A high-power and high-repetition KTiOAsO4 (KTA) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) was established in this study, with the adoption of plane-parallel and ring cavities. The pump was a high-power Nd:YAG master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,149 Views
13 Pages

The core-division-multiplexed (CDM) transmission technique utilizing uncoupled multi-core fiber (MCF) is considered a promising candidate for next-generation long-haul optical transport networks (OTNs) due to its high-capacity potential. For the fiel...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,491 Views
19 Pages

A novel approach to underwater optical wireless coherent communications using liquid crystal spatial light modulators (LC-SLMs) and an aperture averaging lens, in combination with optical phased-array (OPA) antennas, is presented. A comprehensive cha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,197 Views
16 Pages

We present a framework to optimize the voltage range of electro-optic polarization controllers (EPC) in polarization-based quantum key distribution (QKD) subsystems. In this study, we consider an EPC capable of modifying both the phase difference bet...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,795 Views
13 Pages

Impact of Sn Particle-Induced Mask Diffraction on EUV Lithography Performance Across Different Pattern Types

  • Seungchan Moon,
  • Dong Gi Lee,
  • Jinhyuk Choi,
  • Junho Hong,
  • Taeho Lee,
  • Yasin Ekinci and
  • Jinho Ahn

This study investigates the differences in the lithographic impact of particles on the pellicle surface depending on the type of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask pattern. Using an EUV ptychography microscope, we analyzed how mask imaging performance is...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
1,807 Views
19 Pages

Hardness and wear resistance are the requirements of nickel-based superalloys used in gas turbine blades. This study uses laser cladding technology to develop three types of wear-resistant coatings—NiCr-2%hBN, NiCr-12%cBN, and NiCr-2%hBN-12%cBN...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,431 Views
12 Pages

We present a generalized Floquet Hamiltonian method for dispersive photonic time crystals (PTCs), a class of time-varying media with time-periodic plasma frequencies and damping rates. Using the time-independent Floquet Hamiltonian method, we success...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,346 Views
25 Pages

This work reports the design of a 1x2 photonic digital switch controlled by an electrically induced metasurface, configurated by a rectangular array of points where the refractive index is locally changed through the application of an external bias....

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,074 Views
13 Pages

Evaluation of an Augmented Reality-Based Visual Aid for People with Peripheral Visual Field Loss

  • Carolina Ortiz,
  • Ricardo Bernardez-Vilaboa,
  • F. Javier Povedano-Montero,
  • María Paz Álvaro-Rubio and
  • Juan E. Cedrún-Sánchez

Augmented reality (AR) technologies can improve the quality of life of individuals with visual impairments. The current study evaluated the efficacy of Retiplus, a new AR-based low-vision device, which was designed to enhance spatial awareness and vi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,197 Views
13 Pages

Collective Spontaneous Emission Modulated by Strong Coupling in Hyperbolic Metamaterials

  • Xiangting Wang,
  • Mengcheng Guan,
  • Tongbiao Wang,
  • Tianbao Yu and
  • Qinghua Liao

We study the collective spontaneous emission of two quantum emitters (QEs) placed near a semiconductor hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) composed of a multilayer quantum well (MQW) and doped n+-In0.53Ga0.47As. The spontaneous emissions of two identical Q...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,067 Views
13 Pages

A short-circuited coupling structure (SCCS) is proposed to obtain a gain-filtering response for dual-polarized antennas. A conventional dipole is designed with two intrinsic radiation nulls. By introducing an SCCS, an additional radiation null is obt...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,925 Views
12 Pages

Three-dimensional (3D) hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have attracted tremendous interest due to strong excitonic effects and large optical nonlinearities. Taking the advantages, 3D HOIPs show great potential for applications in ex...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,702 Views
18 Pages

To meet the pressure measurement requirements of deep earth exploration, we propose an OFPS (optical fiber pressure sensor) with self-temperature compensation based on MEMS technology. A spectral extraction and filtering algorithm, based on FFT (fast...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,428 Views
22 Pages

Channel Characterization and Comparison in Industrial Scenario from Sub-6 GHz to Visible Light Bands for 6G

  • Yue Yin,
  • Pan Tang,
  • Jianhua Zhang,
  • Zheng Hu,
  • Tao Jiang,
  • Liang Xia and
  • Guangyi Liu

The industrial scenario is indispensable for ubiquitous 6G coverage, which demands hyper-reliable and low-latency communication for full automation, control, and operation. To meet these demands, it is widely believed that it is necessary to introduc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,827 Views
14 Pages

Highly Sensitive Temperature Sensor Based on a UV Glue-Filled Fabry–Perot Interferometer Utilizing the Vernier Effect

  • Chengwen Qiang,
  • Chu Chu,
  • Yuhan Wang,
  • Xinghua Yang,
  • Xinyu Yang,
  • Yuting Hou,
  • Xingyue Wen,
  • Pingping Teng,
  • Bo Zhang and
  • Kang Li
  • + 2 authors

A parallel Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) optical fiber sensor, enhanced with UV glue, was proposed for environmental temperature detection. The UV glue is applied to the fiber’s sensing region using a coating method, forming an FP cavi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,332 Views
11 Pages

A novel terahertz-responsive chip was developed for rapid, non-contact detection of nickel metal particle concentrations in aqueous solutions. The chip integrates a Weyl semimetal thin film as the active layer and a sub-wavelength metallic structure...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,284 Views
12 Pages

Sub-Nanosecond, Room-Temperature, Mid-IR Fe:ZnSe Gain-Switched Laser: Experimental Characterization and Modeling

  • Saugat Ghimire,
  • Daniil Danilin,
  • Dmitry Martyshkin,
  • Vladimir Fedorov and
  • Sergey Mirov

We present the modeling and experimental characterization of a room-temperature, sub-nanosecond, gain-switched (GS) Fe:ZnSe laser operating at 4.4–4.8 μm. As pump sources, we used a 2.79 µm Q-switched Cr:Er:YSGG laser with a pulse dura...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,528 Views
10 Pages

On-Chip Photonic Convolutional Processing Lights Up Fourier Neural Operator

  • Zilong Tao,
  • Hao Ouyang,
  • Qiuquan Yan,
  • Shiyin Du,
  • Hao Hao,
  • Jun Zhang and
  • Jie You

Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) have gained increasing attention for their effectiveness in extracting frequencydomain features and efficiently approximating functions, making them wellsuited for classification tasks. However, the absence of speciali...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,651 Views
9 Pages

0.4 THz Broadband Terahertz Noise Source Based on Photoconductive Antennas

  • Yinwei Chen,
  • Feifei Qin,
  • Lijuan Liu,
  • Zeyu Zhao,
  • Pu Li,
  • Yuehui Sun,
  • Wenjie Liu and
  • Yuncai Wang

Terahertz noise sources have important application prospects in noise figure measurements. In this paper, a 0.4 THz broadband terahertz noise source based on a photoconductive antenna is proposed. As a demonstration of feasibility, this terahertz noi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,149 Views
18 Pages

Fiber-reinforced composites, such as glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP), are widely used across industries but are susceptible to inclusion defects during manufacturing. Detecting and classifying these defects is crucial for ensuring material inte...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,357 Views
9 Pages

A diode-pumped Q-switched mode-locked Nd:YVO4 laser via a positive cascaded second-order Kerr lens using periodically poled MgO:SLT at 1064 nm was reported. Q-switched mode-locking performances, including pulse duration, output power, and bandwidth,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,064 Views
14 Pages

Bandgap Engineering in InAs/GaSb II Superlattices: Modulation and Vacancy Defects Analysis

  • Yan Jiang,
  • Yulin Zhou,
  • Zongyao Zhang,
  • Zhengdao Li,
  • Liyuan Jiang,
  • Xinxin Zhao and
  • Jianbao Wu

The computational analysis of InAs/GaSb type-II superlattices utilizing density functional theory (DFT) with pseudopotentials has been performed. The PBE+U method was employed to correct for the strong correlation effects of the P orbitals of In, As,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,040 Views
18 Pages

Photonic millimeter-wave communication systems are promising for high-capacity, high-speed wireless networks, and their production is driven by the growing demand from data-intensive applications. However, challenges such as inter-symbol interference...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,192 Views
10 Pages

Bound states in the continuum (BICs), characterized by high-Q modes, have demonstrated exceptional capabilities for enhancing light-matter interactions and, when combined with gain media, can enable compact lasers with low threshold power. However, c...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,962 Views
11 Pages

Generation of Flat Optical Frequency Comb Using Cascaded Electro-Optic Modulators

  • Wei Lin,
  • Bowen Zhu,
  • Keqi Cao,
  • Hang Yu,
  • Xinyan Zhang,
  • Jia Chen and
  • Yu Liu

Optical frequency combs have been widely used in spectrum analysis, coherent optical communication, and accurate distance measurement. We propose a straightforward method to improve the flatness of optical frequency combs. First, we derived the outpu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,231 Views
12 Pages

To address chromatic dispersion (CD) and nonlinear impairments in coherent optical four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) systems, we propose a magnitude-assisted decision feedback equalizer (MA-DFE). The proposed scheme utilizes signal amplitu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,417 Views
19 Pages

Coupled Resonance Fiber-Optic SPR Sensor Based on TRIZ

  • Cuilan Zhu,
  • Haodi Zhai,
  • Yonghao Wang,
  • Xiangru Suo,
  • Tianyu Zhu and
  • Shuowei Jin

This paper aims to enhance the sensitivity of fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors by innovatively applying TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving). To identify the key challenges faced by current SPR sensors, methods such as functi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,000 Views
20 Pages

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has found extensive applications in aerospace, medical, and automotive fields. Defect detection technology remains a research focus in AM process monitoring. While machine learning and neural network algorithms...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,797 Views
13 Pages

Quarter-Wave Plate Meta-Atom Metasurfaces for Continuous Longitudinal Polarization Modulation of Hybrid Poincaré Sphere Beams

  • Yunxiao Li,
  • Quanhong Feng,
  • Gongzheng Fang,
  • Haonan Sun,
  • Xingyi Fan,
  • Zhenghao Liu,
  • Hao Wang,
  • Yuexu Si,
  • Shuhao Si and
  • Chen Cheng
  • + 1 author

Quarter-wave plate (QWP) metasurfaces provide a novel approach for generating three-dimensional (3D) hybrid-order Poincaré sphere (HyOPS) beams and enabling longitudinal polarization modulation, owing to their unique spin-decoupling properties...

of 3

Get Alerted

Add your email address to receive forthcoming issues of this journal.

XFacebookLinkedIn
Photonics - ISSN 2304-6732