413 Results Found

The Kirishima Volcano Group is a volcanic field ideal for studying the mechanism of steam-driven eruptions because many eruptions of this type occurred in the historical era and geophysical observation networks have been installed in this volcano. We...

On 19 September 2021, La Palma volcano (Canarias Archipelagos) started an eruption that persisted until 13 December 2021. Despite the Volcano Explosive Index (VEI) being estimated equal to 3, corresponding to not so powerful eruption, the long erupti...

This paper reconstructs, for the first time, the motion dynamics of an eruptive cloud formed during the catastrophic eruption of the Sheveluch volcano in November 1964 (Volcanic Explosivity Index 4+). This became possible due to the public availabili...

The Anak Krakatau Island and volcano caldera are located at the Sunda Strait between the Java and Sumatra Islands of Indonesia. The volcano started erupting on 22 December 2018, and collapse of the volcano resulted in Tsunami. The large tidal waves c...

Aluminum-phosphate-sulfates (APS) of the alunite supergroup occur in igneous rocks within zones of advanced argillic and silicic alteration in porphyry and epithermal ore environments. In this study we report on the presence of woodhouseite-rich APS...

Near-field ionospheric total electron content records before and after the 15 January 2022 eruption of the Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai submarine volcano were studied using GNSS total electron content data. The data started showing positive depart...

Following the eruption of the Taal Volcano in January 2020 and its continuous signs of unrest in the preceding years, this study delves into the investigation of sediment transport in the Pasig River, Philippines. The historical data of total suspend...

Microclimatic monitoring (air T, air pressure, CO2, ventilation, humidity, methane, and radon) in selected show caves in Slovenia has been a continuous process for more than 10 years, a process that aims to supervise the use of the caves for tourism...

Fogo volcano erupted in 2014–2015 producing an extensive lava flow field in the summit caldera that destroyed two villages, Portela and Bangaeira. The eruption started with powerful explosive activity, lava fountains, and a substantial ash column acc...

The violent eruption of Karabetova Gora mud volcano on 6 May 2000 (Taman Peninsula, 45°12′16″ N; 36°47′05″ E) triggered gas ignition as a giant straight-flow vertical gas flare. The 400 m high, short-lived (~15 min) ga...

Stromboli is an open-conduit active volcano located in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea and is the easternmost island of the Aeolian Archipelago. It is known as “the lighthouse of the Mediterranean” for its continuous and mild Strombolian-type...

After the explosive eruption of the Hunga Tonga volcano on 15 January 2022, disturbances were observed at a distance of about 12,000 km in Northern Tien Shan and regarded variations in the atmospheric pressure, in telluric current, and in the Doppler...

The simulations presented here are based on the observational data of lightning electric currents associated with the eruption of the Hunga Tonga volcano in January 2022. The response of the lithosphere (Earth)–atmosphere–ionosphere&ndash...

After a period of mild eruptive activity, Stromboli showed between 2017 and 2018 a reawakening phase, with an increase in the eruptive activity starting in May 2017. The alert level of the volcano was raised from “green” (base) to “...

The full range of effects of strong volcanic eruptions on the electrical characteristics of the atmosphere is not yet fully understood. On the 10 April 2023, the largest eruption in recent decades of the Shiveluch volcano in Kamchatka occurred. At th...

Global Navigation Satellite Systems have been extensively used to investigate the ionosphere response to various natural and man-made phenomena for the last three decades. However, ionospheric reaction to volcano eruptions is still insufficiently stu...

Among the volcaniclastic products of melilitite–carbonatite eruptions, pelletal lapilli are often found, resulting in them being particularly useful for characterising the interface between the erupting magma and its volatile component. Pelleta...

Two paroxysmal explosions occurred at Stromboli on 3 July and 28 August 2019, the first of which caused the death of a young tourist. After the first paroxysm an effusive activity began from the summit vents and affected the NW flank of the island fo...

A new volcano erupted in the eleventh century AD in the San Francisco volcanic field, which has as many as 80 old volcanoes and 600 eruption cones all centered around Flagstaff, Arizona. This volcanic landscape has been a cultural center for Native A...

Villarrica Volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in the South Andes Volcanic Zone. This article presents the results of a monitoring of the time before and after the 3 March 2015 eruption by analyzing nine satellite images acquired by the Techn...

Lava domes grow by extrusions and intrusions of viscous magma often initiating from a central volcanic vent, and they are frequently defining the source region of hazardous explosive eruptions and pyroclastic density currents. Thus, close monitoring...

In May 2008, Chaitén volcano entered an eruptive process, leading to one of the world’s largest eruptions in recent decades. The magnitude of tephra ejected by the eruption left different types of disturbances and caused diverse forms of...

Vulcanian explosions are hazardous and are often spontaneous and direct observations are therefore challenging. Ebeko is an active volcano on Paramushir Island, northern Kuril Islands, showing characteristic Vulcanian-type activity. In 2019, we start...

Krenitsyn Peak is one of the two active volcanoes on Onekotan Island (Greater Kuril Ridge). The inaccessibility of the island, along with the volcano being situated within a sizeable (7 km in diameter) and cold (3.7 °C) caldera lake, has led to m...

As specifically designed platforms are still unavailable at this point in time, lava flows are usually monitored remotely with the use of meteorological satellites. Generally, meteorological satellites have a low spatial resolution, which leads to un...

The powerful explosive eruptions with large volumes of volcanic ash pose a great danger to the population and jet aircraft. Global experience in monitoring volcanoes and observing changes in the parameters of their thermal anomalies is successfully u...

The paper presents the results of processing recordings of abnormal signals, which originated during the eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai volcano, and were registered by a laser nanobarograph and two laser strainmeters; there were three met...

In the aftermath of the Icelandic volcano Grimsvötn’s eruption on 21 May 2011, volcanic ash reached Northern Europe. Elevated levels of ambient particles (PM) were registered in mid Sweden. The aim of the present study was to investigate if the Grims...

On 15 January 2022, a violent eruption and tsunami of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) volcano in Tonga, South Pacific, caused widespread international concern. In order to detect the anomalous environmental response caused by the HTHH volc...

Pacaya volcano is a persistently active basaltic cone complex located in the Central American Volcanic Arc in Guatemala. In May of 2010, violent Volcanic Explosivity Index-3 (VEI-3) eruptions caused significant topographic changes to the edifice, inc...

Fogo (Fogo Island) is the youngest and most active volcano of Cape Verde. The last eruption occurred in 2014–2015. Aiming to assess the dust sources that impacted the air quality during the present study period, fresh lava samples were collected, whi...

The enigmatic major eruption in the late 16th century, believed to have originated from Raung, the most active stratovolcano in the Ijen UNESCO Global Geopark in East Java, Indonesia, has ignited significant debate among researchers and historians du...

The Hunga Ha’apai volcano eruption (20.536°S, 175.382°W in Tonga) reached its maximum outbreak on 15 January 2022, at 04:15 UT, leading to huge oceanic fluctuations and atmospheric disturbances. This study focuses on the response of the...

On 19 September 2021, La Palma Cumbre Vieja Volcano started an eruption classified as Volcanic Explosive Index (VEI) 3. In this study, at least the six months prior to such an event have been investigated to search for possible lithosphere–atmo...

Piton de la Fournaise is one of the most active worldwide volcanoes, located on the southeastern part of La Réunion Island. In this work, we focus on the eruption that occurred on the southeastern flank of this volcano, inside the Enclos Fouqu...

Volcanoes can be extremely damaging to the environment, human society, and also impact climate change. During volcanic eruption, massive amounts of gases and dust particles are thrown into the atmosphere and propagated instantaneously by the stratosp...

The devastating Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai underwater volcano erupted at ~04:15 UT on 15 January 2022. We captured the waves that erupted from the volcano propagating in the ionosphere by monitoring total electron content (TEC) perturbations uti...

Better and more detailed analyses of global human exposure to hazards and associated disaster risk require improved geoinformation on population distribution and densities. In particular, issues of temporal and spatial resolution are important for de...

The Santorini volcano in the South Aegean Volcanic Arc is of great scientific importance. Knowledge of historical eruptions is valuable for better understanding the volcanic cycle and for improved hazard assessments. One of the little-known historica...

This study used spatiotemporal land gravity data to investigate the 2021 eruption that occurred in the Cumbre Vieja volcano (La Palma, Canary Islands). First, we produced a density model by inverting the local gravity field using data collected in Ju...

The Etna flank eruption that started on 24 December 2018 lasted a few days and involved the opening of an eruptive fissure, accompanied by a seismic swarm and shallow earthquakes, significant SO2 flux release, and by large and widespread ground defor...

Paroxysmal explosive activity at Etna volcano (Italy) has become quite frequent over the last three decades, raising concerns with the civil protection authorities due to its significant impact on the local population, infrastructures, viability and...

Volcanic eruptions can mobilize naturally occurring toxic elements such as arsenic into surrounding ecosystems, contaminating soil, water, and food webs. Despite increasing evidence of arsenic enrichment in volcanic regions, comprehensive exposure as...

Magma-filled dikes may feed erupting fissures that lead to alignments of craters developing at the surface, yet the details of activity and migrating eruptions at the crater row are difficult to monitor and are hardly understood. The 2021 Tajogaite e...

We propose a multi-temporal-scale analysis of ground deformation data using both high-rate tilt and GNSS measurements and the DInSAR and daily GNSS solutions in order to investigate a sequence of four paroxysmal episodes of the Voragine crater occurr...

Cu-rich magnesioferrite was found in vesicular basaltic trachyandesite in one of lava tubes (Duplex) that formed during the 2012–2013 eruption of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. This mineral is commonly associated with hematite, tenorite, hal...

Quantifying vegetation responses after natural disasters helps clarify complex relationships between vegetation and surface processes such as soil erosion. The heterogenous post-disaster landscape offers a naturally stratified environment for this st...

Between 13 December 2020 and 21 February 2022, Etna volcano produced a sequence of 66 paroxysmal explosive eruptions, with Strombolian activity at the summit craters climaxing in lava fountains and eruption columns extending several kilometers above...

A large near-surface perturbation such as the eruption of the Tonga underwater volcano on 15 January 2022 can generate disturbances in the Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere. It is quite challenging to detect and investigate the disturbances in...

During the last two decades, the Etna volcano has undergone several sequences of lava fountaining (LF) events that have had a major impact on road conditions, infrastructure and the local population. In this paper, we consider the LF episodes occurri...