388 Results Found

Powder-fueled ramjets show great potential due to their unique advantages. How to further improve ramjet performance through methods such as fuel improvement is also an important focus. In this paper, a 14 km, Ma 3.0, ground test of a powder-fueled r...

The development of powder-fueled ramjets is challenged by the mechanisms of flow mixing for the combustion of powder fuel in supersonic airflows. This paper describes a series of numerical simulations on the injection process of boron powder fuel in...

It is vital to measure combustion temperature to define combustion models accurately. For single fuel particles in powder-fueled ramjets, their size distribution ranges from submicron to submillimeter, and their burn time is short to millisecond orde...

In order to reduce the ignition temperature and improve the combustion efficiency of aluminum powder, three aluminum-based alloy fuels, Al–Mg, Al–Zn, and Al–Si–Mg, were prepared by the atomization method. The oxidation, igniti...

This paper presents the flow field reconstruction and prediction of powder fuel transport systems based on representative feature extraction from scattering images using deep learning techniques. A laboratory-built powder fuel supply system was used...

Finely dispersed (CeO2)1−x(Sm2O3)x (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.20) and (CeO2)1−x(Nd2O3)x (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) powders were synthesized via liquid-phase techniques based on the co-precipitation of hydroxides and were used to obtain ce...

In this work, the effect of high-entropy alloy powder preparation on the coatings deposited via high-velocity oxygen fuel sprayings was studied. The powders of FeNiCoCrMo0.5Al1.3 composition were prepared by milling and gas atomization. The structure...

Portable electronic devices such as notebook computers, PDAs, cellular phones, etc., are being widely used, and they increasingly need cheap, efficient, and lightweight power sources. Fuel cells have been proposed as possible power sources to address...

Oxy-fuel combustion combined with CCS (carbon capture and storage) aims to decrease CO2 emissions in energy production using fossil fuels. Oxygen firing changes power plant boiler conditions compared to conventional firing. Higher material temperatur...

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) would be a standalone solution for clean, sustainable energy and rural electrification. It can be used in addition to wastewater treatment for bioelectricity generation. Materials chosen for the membrane and electrodes are o...

Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ perovskite-type compounds are well-known mixed ionic-electronic conductors for oxygen electrocatalytic applications, although their performance is strictly dependent on the selected preparation methodology and processin...

Biomass is currently one of the world’s major renewable energy sources. Biomass in a powder form has been recently proposed as the most encouraging of biomass contours, especially because it burns like a gas. In the current study, biomass powde...

A high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) conventionally uses a planar design with carbon-based substrates as the gas diffusion layer (GDL) materials. However, the metal-based substrates allow for alternative designs. In this s...

Finely dispersed (CeO2)1−x(Nd2O3)x (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) powders are synthesized via liquid-phase techniques based on the co-precipitation of hydroxides and co-crystallization of nitrates. The prepared powders are used to obtain ce...

This work provides a lab-scale investigation of the ballistics of solid fuel formulations based on hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene and loaded with Al-based energetic additives. Tested metal-based fillers span from micron- to nano-sized powders and...

For the high performance of a fuel cell where a bipolar plate (BP) is applied, rectangular channel, microchannel width, micro-rib, enough channel quantity, adequate channel depth, and innovative flow field design should be realized from a configurati...

The necessity for high operational temperatures presents a considerable obstacle to the commercial viability of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The introduction of active co-dopant ions to polycrystalline solid structures can directly impact the phys...

The process of combustion of a liquid fuel layer (diesel, kerosene, gasoline, separated petroleum, and oil) in the presence of CO2 hydrate has been studied. These fuels are widely used in engineering, which explains the great interest in effective me...

This paper investigates the ability of insulation cellulose fiber powder (CFP) to be pelletized for its valorization as biomass fuel. CFP is a waste originating from insulation cellulose manufacturing that lacks any method of valorization because of...

Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have witnessed remarkable advancements, offering opportunities to produce complex components across various industries. This paper explores the potential of AM for fabricating bipolar plates (BPPs) in fuel cel...

To help mitigate the effects of global warming and fossil fuel depletion caused by human use of fossil fuels, solid fuel pellets were developed from a mixture of spent coffee grounds (SCG) and pine sawdust (PS). The feasibility of SCG-PS pellets as b...

Finely dispersed (CeO2)0.95(Sm2O3)0.05, (CeO2)0.90(Sm2O3)0.10 and (CeO2)0.80(Sm2O3)0.20 mesoporous powders with a specific pore volume of 0.080–0.092 cm3/g and a specific surface of 50–83 m2/g are synthesized by the co-precipitation of ce...

In this study, Zr0.92Y0.08O2-α(8YSZ) powders were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The chemical physics changes and phase formation temperature of 8YSZ crystal were determined by thermogravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetry...

In this study, micro fluid channels are machined on fused silica glass via powder blasting, a mechanical etching process, and the machining characteristics of the channels are experimentally evaluated. In the process, material removal is performed by...

The influence of a specific surface area of evaporating powder on the properties of thin Sm-doped cerium (SDC) oxide films has not yet been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, SDC films were deposited by e-beam evaporation using Sm0.2Ce0.8O2-&delta...

Perovskite anodes, nowadays, are used in any solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) instead of conventional nickel/yttria-stabilized zirconia (Ni/YSZ) anodes due to their better redox and electrochemical stability. A few compositions of samarium-substituted st...

The crystallographic properties of the Ce1−x(Nd0.63Dy0.37)xO2−x/2 system (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) were studied by means of synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and compared to the ones of Sm-doped ceria. The aim of this work was to investigate...

Transport and structural properties of heavily doped ceria can reveal subtle details of the interplay between conductivity and defects aggregation in this material, widely studied as solid electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells. The ionic conductivity...

As a result of the lattice mismatch between the oxide itself and the substrate, the high-pressure structural properties of trivalent rare earth (RE)-doped ceria systems help to mimic the compressive/tensile strain in oxide thin films. The high-pressu...

The oxidation of the metal powder during the thermal spraying process usually leads to significant deterioration of the microstructure and performance of the coating. In order to isolate the metal powder from oxygen during the spraying process, the C...

In this research, a direct-write 3D-printing method was utilized for the fabrication of inter-digitized solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) using ceramic materials. The cathode electrode was fabricated using the LSCF (La0.6Sr0.2Fe0.8Co0.2O3-δ) slurr...

The paper presents a comparative study of the erosion wear resistance of WC-10Co4Cr, Cr3C2-25NiCr and martensitic stainless steel (SS) coatings deposited onto an AlSi7Mg0.3 (Al) alloy substrate by high-velocity air‒fuel (HVAF) spraying. The inf...

Determination of the content of chemical elements occurring in waste in large, small and trace amounts was performed using two instrumental analysis techniques: ICP-OES—Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry and WDXRF—Wa...

With the development of high-speed and high-temperature equipment, thermal barrier materials are facing increasingly harsh service environments. The addition of YAG to Y2Hf2O7 has been proposed in order to improve its long-term high-temperature perfo...

Microalgae is considered as an excellent potential renewable source of fuel in many forms including powder or slurry. A high percentage of emulsified water in the fuel is reported to reduce diesel engines’ emissions such as NOx, but that will c...

Cork granulated industries generate a considerable amount of wastes, such as grinding powder and granulometric separation powder. Some of these industries have started using these wastes as fuels for their own boilers, mixing them previously. However...

Composite propellants used in solid-fuel rockets commonly consists of an oxidizer, the most used being ammonium perchlorate, fuels such as powdered aluminum, compounds that control the burn rate (catalysts or inhibitors), and various other additives...

The (Cu,Mn,Co)3O4 (CMC) spinel layer is useful in inhibiting Cr vaporization that deteriorates the solid oxide fuel cell performance. The effectiveness of the spinel layer in suppressing volatile Cr species from the metallic interconnects is strongly...

The integration of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with biomass gasification reactors raises the possibility of solid particle contamination of the gaseous fuel entering the cell. Technical specifications from SOFC manufacturers, among other sources,...

The amount of precipitate and residue affects the timing of fuel filter blockage. This study develops a model for fuel filter blocking based on the Precipitate Measurement. Firstly, a modification of ASTM D 7501 for the Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSF...

Fuel-rich composite powders combining elemental Si with the metal fluoride oxidizers BiF3 and CoF2 were prepared by arrested reactive milling. Reactivity of the composite powders was assessed using thermoanalytical measurements in both inert (Ar) and...

The substitution of aluminum powder with highly reactive ultrafine aluminum-based metal fuels has a significant impact on the energy release of aluminum-containing energetic materials because of their excellent energy density and combustion performan...

The conventional gas diffusion layer (GDL) of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells incorporates a carbon-based substrate, which suffers from electrochemical oxidation as well as mechanical degradation, resulting in reduced durability and per...

Solid oxide fuel cells are characterized by a high efficiency for converting chemical energy into electricity and fuel flexibility. This research work focuses on developing durable and efficient anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) based on exso...

The methodologies and experimental conditions used for the synthesis of cathode materials for electrochemical devices strongly influence their electrocatalytic performance. In particular, solution combustion synthesis is a convenient and versatile me...

This paper presents experimental findings on heat and mass transfer, phase transitions, and chemical reactions during the interaction of CO2 hydrate in powder granules and tablets with burning liquid fuels and oil. The experiments involved CO2 hydrat...

Thermally-sprayed alumina based materials, e.g., alumina-titania (Al2O3-TiO2), are commonly applied as wear resistant coatings in industrial applications. Properties of the coatings depend on the spray process, powder morphology, and chemical composi...

Boron powder is a kind of metal fuel with high gravimetric and volumetric calorific values, which has been widely used in military fields such as solid propellants, high-energy explosives, and pyrotechnics. However, the easily formed liquid oxide lay...

In order to systematically elucidate the combustion performance of fuel during sintering, this paper explores the influence of three factors, namely coal substitution for coke, quasi-particle structure and the coupling effect with reduction and oxida...

Solid oxide fuel cells can operate with carbonaceous fuels, such as syngas, biogas, and methane, using either internal or external reforming, and they represent a more efficient alternative to internal combustion engines. In this work, we explore, fo...