Multiple-point geostatistics (MPS) is an established tool for the uncertainty quantification of Earth systems modeling, particularly when dealing with the complexity and heterogeneity of geological data. This study presents a novel pixel-based MPS me...
A new low-frame-rate active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) pixel circuit with low-temperature poly-Si and oxide (LTPO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) for portable displays with high pixel density is reported. The proposed pixel circuit ha...
Gated ZnO nanowire field emitter arrays (FEAs) have important applications in large-area vacuum microelectronic devices such as flat panel X-ray sources and photodetectors. As the application requires high-pixel-density FEAs, how the pixel density af...
Pixel quality (PQ) products delivered with Analysis Ready Data (ARD) provide users with information about the conditions of the surface, atmosphere, and sensor at the time of acquisition. Knowing whether an observation was affected by clouds or senso...
Impervious surface areas (ISA) are heavily influenced by urban structure and related structural features. We examined the effects of object-based impervious surface spatial pattern analysis on land surface temperature and population density in Guangz...
We investigated nearest-neighbor density-based clustering for hyperspectral image analysis. Four existing techniques were considered that rely on a K-nearest neighbor (KNN) graph to estimate local density and to propagate labels through algorithm-spe...
FVC (fractional vegetation cover) is highly correlated with wheat plant density in the reviving period, which is an important indicator for conducting variable-rate nitrogenous topdressing. In this study, with the objective of improving inversion acc...
This paper presents a fully integrated photodiode-based low-power and low-mismatch stimulator for a subretinal prosthesis. It is known that a subretinal prosthesis achieves 1600-pixel stimulators on a limited single-chip area that is implanted beneat...
This paper proposes an encryption scheme for high pixel density images. Based on the application of the quantum random walk algorithm, the long short-term memory (LSTM) can effectively solve the problem of low efficiency of the quantum random walk al...
This paper presents a 1600-pixel integrated neural stimulator with a correlated double-sampling readout (DSR) circuit for a subretinal prosthesis. The retinal stimulation chip inserted beneath the photoreceptor layer comprises an array of an active p...
Formaldehyde (HCHO) plays an important role in atmospheric photochemical reactions. Comparative studies between ground-based and satellite observations are necessary to assess and promote the potential use of column HCHO as a proxy for surface HCHO a...
Thin clouds in remote sensing images increase the radiometric distortion of land surfaces. The identification of pixels contaminated by thin clouds, known as the thin-cloud mask, is an important preprocessing procedure to guarantee the proper utiliza...
Landslides are one of the most common and dangerous threats in the world that generate considerable damage and economic losses. An efficient landslide monitoring tool is the Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) or Persistent...
With the specialization of VLSI ASICs for front-end signal processing electronics, the customization of the control back-end electronics (BEE) has become critical to fully deploy the ASIC performance. In the context of space operations, with typical...
The Copernicus high-resolution layer imperviousness density (HRL IMD) for 2018 is a 10 m resolution raster showing the degree of soil sealing across Europe. The imperviousness gradation (0–100%) per pixel is determined by semi-automated classif...
The first and foremost task of a phishing-detection mechanism is to confirm the appearance of a suspicious page that is similar to a genuine site. Once this is found, a suitable URL analysis mechanism may lead to conclusions about the genuineness of...
In the research of anomaly detection methods, obtaining a pure background without abnormal pixels can effectively improve the detection performance and reduce the false-alarm rate. Therefore, this paper proposes a spatial density background purificat...
Spectral reflectance distortions caused by terrain and solar illumination seriously reduce the accuracy of mapping forest carbon density, especially in mountainous regions. Many models have been developed for mitigating or eliminating the terrain eff...
It is essential to restore digital images corrupted by noise to make them more useful. Many approaches have been proposed to restore images affected by fixed value impulse noise, but they still do not perform well at high noise density. This paper pr...
The small scale of transmission towers and the environmental diversity around their situations make their detection in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images a challenging task. This paper presents a new hierarchical detection algorithm for transmissi...
Fourier single-pixel imaging (FSI) is a branch of single-pixel imaging techniques. It allows any image to be reconstructed by acquiring its Fourier spectrum by using a single-pixel detector. FSI uses Fourier basis patterns for structured illumination...
The diverse density (DD) algorithm was proposed to handle the problem of low classification accuracy when training samples contain interference such as mixed pixels. The DD algorithm can learn a feature vector from training bags, which comprise insta...
This study examines the characteristics of various scanning trajectories or patterns under the influence of scanning parameters in order to develop a theory to define their corresponding image resolutions. The lack of an accurate estimation of pixel...
Charge-coupled devices (CCD) allow imaging by photodetection, charge integration, and serial transfer of the stored charge packets from multiple pixels to the readout node. The functionality of CCD can be extended to the non-destructive and in-situ r...
Although investigators are using data sources to describe the visual characteristics of streets, few researchers have linked human perceptions of the street environment with human activity density. This study proposes a conceptualized analytical fram...
Image segmentation is one of the most important methods for animal phenome research. Since the advent of deep learning, many researchers have looked at multilayer convolutional neural networks to solve the problems of image segmentation. A network si...
Underestimation of LiDAR heights is widely known but has never been evaluated for several sensors and for diverse types of ecological conditions. This underestimation is mainly linked to the probability of the pulse to reach the ground and the top of...
Techniques of automatic medical image segmentation are the most important methods for clinical investigation, anatomic research, and modern medicine. Various image structures constructed from imaging apparatus achieve a diversity of medical applicati...
Bone mineral density (BMD) varies with aging and both systemic and local diseases; however, such evidence is lacking in feline medicine. This may be due to the need for general anesthesia in cats for direct BMD measurements using dual-energy X-ray ab...
Intensity-modulated signals have the advantage of being directly detectable by the image sensor but have the drawback that the signal quality is easily deteriorated by crosstalk noise, in contrast to phase-modulated signals. In order to suppress the...
Wafer-scale blue micro-light-emitting diode (micro-LED) arrays were fabricated with a pixel size of 12 μm, a pixel pitch of 15 μm, and a pixel density of 1692 pixels per inch, achieved by optimizing the properties of e-beam-deposited and sputte...
The Coherent Pixels Technique Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (CPT-InSAR) method of inverting surface deformation parameters by using high-quality measuring points possesses the flaw inducing sparse measuring points in non-urban areas. In thi...
Population data are key indicators of policymaking, public health, and land use in urban and ecological systems; however, traditional censuses are time-consuming, expensive, and laborious. This study proposes a method of modelling population density...
Superpixel segmentation is one of the key image preprocessing steps in object recognition and detection methods. However, the over-segmentation in the smoothly connected homogenous region in an image is the key problem. That would produce redundant c...
In this paper, a prototype ultra-high speed global shutter complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor with pixel-wise trench capacitor memory array achieving over 100 million frames per second (fps) with up to 368 record length by bu...
Monitoring and estimating the density of microalgae in a closed cultivation system is a critical task in culturing algae since it allows growers to optimally control both nutrients and cultivating conditions. Among the estimation techniques proposed...
Natural secondary forests play a crucial role in global ecological security, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation. However, accurately delineating individual tree crowns and identifying tree species in dense natural secondary fore...
Remote sensing approaches can be cost-effective for estimating forest structural attributes. This study aims to use airborne LiDAR data to assess the robustness of multispectral satellite imagery and topographic attributes derived from DEMs to predic...
In this paper, the influence of etching depth on the dark current and photo-response of a mid-wave infrared Ga-free T2SL XBn pixel detector is investigated. Two wet chemical etching depths have been considered for the fabrication of a non-passivated...
Introducing spacers into pixelated electrowetting displays (EWDs) normally gives mechanical strengthening, while bringing undesired disturbance of water/oil interfacial dynamics. Hence, spacer array is a key pixel structure needs careful consideratio...
Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have not only enhanced traditional sensing methods, such as pixel detection (CCD and CMOS), but also enabled the development of innovative approaches with significant potential for particle detection. This is pa...
In recent years, many studies have been carried out to detect clouds on remote sensing images. Due to the complex terrain, the variety of clouds, the density, and content of clouds are various, and the current model has difficulty accurately detectin...
Radiometric precision is difficult to maintain in orbital images due to several factors (atmospheric conditions, Earth-sun distance, detector calibration, illumination, and viewing angles). These unwanted effects must be removed for radiometric consi...
A multi-variable visualization technique on a 2D bitmap for big data is introduced. If A and B are two data points that are represented using two similar shapes with m pixels, where each shape is colored with RGB color of (0, 0, k), when A ∩ B ≠ ɸ, a...
Background subtraction is a core preprocessing step for video analytics, enabling downstream tasks such as detection, tracking, and scene understanding in applications ranging from surveillance to transportation. However, real-time deployment remains...
Improving sensitivity in short-wave infrared (SWIR) detection is crucial for low-signal applications, such as astronomy and hyperspectral imaging, which demand readout integrated circuits (ROICs) with minimal noise and high density. However, conventi...
Salt-and-pepper noise, which is often introduced by sharp and sudden disturbances in the image signal, greatly reduces the quality of images. Great progress has been made for the salt-and-pepper noise removal; however, the problem of image blur and d...
An event camera is a neuromimetic sensor inspired by the human retinal imaging principle, which has the advantages of high dynamic range, high temporal resolution, and low power consumption. Due to the interference of hardware and software and other...
Accurately mapping urban above-ground vegetation carbon density presents challenges due to fragmented landscapes, mixed pixels, and shadows induced by buildings and mountains. To address these issues, a novel methodological framework is introduced, u...
In this paper, an assessment of a method using a correlation filter over a lidar-derived digital canopy height model (CHM) is presented. The objective of the procedure is to obtain stem density, position, and height values, on a stand with the follow...
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