This paper presents the development of a real-time microsensor-based monitoring system that can be used to detect and characterize volatile organic compounds in soil and groundwater. The system employs an array of polymer-based microsensors (chemires...
In optical crystals, photodarkening will occur after they were irradiated with high-energy particles, and such induced optical loss generally results in significant performance degradation whether they are used as passive or active optical elements....
As cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (cHAB) events increase in scale, severity, frequency, and duration around the world, rapid and accurate monitoring and characterization tools have become critically essential for regulatory and management decisio...
Recent developments in mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic ellipsometry enabled by quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) have resulted in a drastic improvement in signal-to-noise ratio compared to conventional thermal emitter based instrumentation. Thus, it was...
Aiming at the real-time observation requirements in marine science and ocean engineering, based on underwater acoustic communication and satellite communication technology, a seabed real-time sensing system for in-situ long-term multi-parameter obser...
An optical fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed for monitoring the thickness of deposited nano-thin films. A side-polished multimode SPR optical fiber sensor with an 850 nm-LD is used as the transducing element for real-t...
A method of time-of-flight, small-angle neutron scattering (TOF-SANS) has been developed based on the iMATERIA powder diffractometer at BL20, of the Materials and Life Sciences Facility (MLF) at the high-intensity proton accelerator (J-PARC). A large...
In modern high-intensity ultrafast laser processing, detecting the focal position of the working laser beam, at which the intensity is the highest and the beam diameter is the lowest, and immediately locating the target sample at that point are chall...
Imbalances in levels of glutamate (GLU) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and their sub-second signaling dynamics occur in several brain disorders including traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, and Alzheimer’s disease. The present work reports on...
Prediction of the spatial configuration of the umbilical cable during deep-sea mining in-situ tests is of great significance because dynamic change may cause the umbilical cable to touch the ground or overturn the mining vehicle. In the present paper...
Functionalized DNA sequences are promising sensing elements to combine with transducers for bio-sensing specific target microbes. As an application example, this paper demonstrates in situ detection of loop-mediated isothermal amplification products...
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In-situ real-time monitoring of volatile organic compound (VOC) exposure and heart rate variability (HRV) were conducted for eight multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) patients using a VOC monitor, a Holter monitor, and a time-activity questionnaire f...
The advancement of laser ultrasonics has increased rapidly in recent years, providing applications for materials characterization as well as for industrial utilization, as a quality control device. The wide-ranging capabilities for high-temperature i...
In the conventional culture systems in vitro, the challenging organoid approach have recently been overcome by the development of microfluidic Organ Chip models of human intestine. The potential future applications of Intestine-on-Chips in disease mo...
The continuous annealing process is widely used in the production of advanced high-strength steels. However, to tightly regulate the mechanical properties of the steel, precise control of processing parameters is needed. Although some techniques are...
The ultra-short baseline (USBL) positioning system has been widely used for autonomous and remotely operated vehicle (ARV) positioning in marine resource surveying and ocean engineering fields due to its flexible installation and portable operation....
Here, we propose a novel attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy method for simultaneously monitoring the curing reaction and the diffusion behavior of curing agents at the surface of rubber in real-time. The pr...
Locating underground microseismic events is important for monitoring subsurface activity and understanding the planetary subsurface evolution. Due to bandwidth limitations, especially in applications involving planetarily-distributed sensor networks,...
This paper presents an in-situ wireless sensor network (WSN) for building envelope thermal transmission analysis. The WSN is able to track heat flows in various weather conditions in real-time. The developed system focuses on long-term in-situ buildi...
The nature of contemporary spatial data infrastructures lies in the provision of geospatial information in an on-demand fashion. Although recent applications identified the need to react to real-time information in a time-critical way, research effor...
The plasma process is often used in the fabrication of semiconductor wafers. However, due to the lack of real-time etching control, this may result in some unacceptable process performances and thus leads to significant waste and lower wafer yield. I...
Forward osmosis has gained tremendous attention in the field of desalination and wastewater treatment. However, membrane fouling is an inevitable issue. Membrane fouling leads to flux decline, can cause operational problems and can result in negative...
In this paper we addressed key challenges in engineering an instrumentation system for sensing and signal processing for real-time estimation of two main process variables in the Fused-Filament-Fabrication process: (i) temperature of the polymer melt...
We present a non-invasive approach for monitoring plasma parameters such as the electron temperature and density inside a radio-frequency (RF) plasma nitridation device using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) in conjunction with multivariate data a...
Plant responses to physiological function disorders are called symptoms and they are caused principally by pathogens and nutritional deficiencies. Plant symptoms are commonly used as indicators of the health and nutrition status of plants. Nowadays,...
This work deals with the installation of two smart in-situ sensors (for underwater radioactivity and underwater sound monitoring) on the Western 1-Mediterranean Moored Multisensor Array (W1-M3A) ocean observing system that is equipped with all approp...
Ocean in-situ sensors are crucial for measuring oceanic parameters directly from the sea in a spatial and temporal basis. Real-time operation is used in many applications related to decision support tools and early warning services in case of acciden...
This article describes a gas monitoring system for detecting nitrous oxide (N2O) gas using a compact mid-infrared laser source based on difference-frequency generation in a quasi-phase-matched LiNbO3 waveguide. We obtained a stable output power of 0....
Cytokine secretion researches have been a main focus of studies among the scientists in the recent decades for its outstanding contribution to clinical diagnostics. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) technology is one of the conventional meth...
Material extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) has emerged as a versatile and widely adopted 3D printing technology due to its cost-effectiveness and ability to process a diverse range of materials. However, achieving consistent part quality and re...
Laser-based directed energy deposition for metallic materials (DED-LB/M) is a versatile additive manufacturing (AM) technique that facilitates the deposition of advanced protective coatings, the refurbishment of degraded components, and the fabricati...
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are covalently-linked membrane proteins at the cell surface have recently been suggested to involve in not only endocytic cellular uptake but also non-endocytic direct cell membrane translocation of arginine-rich cell...
A new method combining in-situ real-time spectroscopic ellipsometry and optical modeling to optimize the thickness of an anti-reflective (AR) coating for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells is described and applied directly to fabricate devices. The mode...
The necessity of efficient monitoring of ships in coastal regions has been increasing over time. Multi-satellite observations make it possible to effectively monitor vessels. This study presents the results of ship detection methodology, applied to o...
The characterization of surface topographic features on a component is typically quantified using two-dimensional roughness descriptors which are captured by off-line desktop instruments. Ideally any measurement system should be integrated into the m...
The development of novel embedded sensors for structural health monitoring (SHM) is crucial to provide real-time assessments of composite structures, ensuring safety, and prolonging their service life. Early damage diagnostics through advanced sensor...
The history of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and transient plasmas generated by laser ablation is intertwined with the development of various techniques for its fundamental understanding. Some diagnostic tools have been developed to better suit the r...
Evapotranspiration (ET) is a fundamental factor in energy and hydrologic cycles. Although highly precise in-situ ET monitoring is possible, such data are not always available due to the high spatiotemporal variability in ET. This study estimates dail...
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a real-time, in-situ, non-invasive imaging device that is able to perform a cross-sectional evaluation of tissue microstructure based on the specific intensity of back-scattered and reflected light. The aim of th...
The precipitation process and reaction kinetics during artificial aging, precipitate microstructure, and mechanical properties after aging of AlMgSi alloys were investigated employing in-situ electrical resistivity measurement, Transmission Electron...
Corrosion of reinforced concrete (RC) structures has been one of the major causes of structural failure. Early detection of the corrosion process could help limit the location and the extent of necessary repairs or replacement, as well as reduce the...
In-service structural health monitoring of composite aircraft structures plays a key role in the assessment of their performance and integrity. In recent years, Fibre Optic Sensors (FOS) have proved to be a potentially excellent technique for real-ti...
Soil contamination is a widespread problem and action needs to be taken in order to prevent damage to the groundwater and the life around the contaminated sites. In Sweden, it is estimated that more than 80,000 sites are potentially contaminated, and...
Sustainable agriculture is the answer to the rapid rise in food demand which is straining our soil, leading to desertification, food insecurity, and ecosystem imbalance. Sustainable agriculture revolves around having real-time soil health information...
The kinetic mechanism of hydrogen absorption of the AA6111 alloy melt in different melting environments, and the in-situ real-time observation of the oxide film structure during the hydrogen absorption process were studied. The results show that the...
We report the integration of an automated chemical optical sensing unit for the parallel interrogation of 12 BICELLs in a sensing chip. The work was accomplished under the European Project Enviguard (FP7-OCEAN-2013-614057) with the aim of demonstrati...
Wnt proteins secrete glycoproteins that are involved in various cellular processes to maintain homeostasis during development and adulthood. However, the expression and role of Wnt in wound healing have not been fully documented. Our previous studies...
In this study, seven, global, blended, sea surface temperature (SST) analyses, including Operational SST and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA), Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC) analysis, Optimum Interpolation SST (OISST), Remote Sensing System (REMSS) ana...
Predictive weather-based models are widely used to schedule irrigation through the estimation of crop evapotranspiration. However, perceiving real-time crop water requirements remains a challenge. This research aims at field validating and exploiting...
The increasing frequency of flooding worldwide has driven research to improve near real-time flood mapping from remote-sensing data. Improved automation and processing speed to map both open water and vegetated area flooding have resulted from these...
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