4,342 Results Found

The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) is a key physiological variable for characterizing vegetation structure and associated matter and energy exchange processes. Accurate and effective monitoring of FPAR is essential fo...

The thermosphere serves as a pivotal region for Sun–Earth interactions, and thermospheric winds are of great scientific importance for deepening insights into atmospheric dynamics, climate formation mechanisms, and space environment evolution....

The atmospheric temperature profile is an important parameter to describe the state of the atmosphere, and it is crucial to climate change research, weather forecasting, and atmospheric parameter retrieval. A machine learning algorithm that incorpora...

Optical design parameters for a ground-based infrared sensor rely strongly on the target’s optical radiation properties. Infrared (IR) optical observability and imaging simulations of an Earth entry vehicle were evaluated using a comprehensive...

In this paper, a new inversion procedure for cloud effective emissivity retrievals using a combined ground-based infrared cloud measuring instrument with ceilometer was developed. A quantitative sensitivity and performance analysis of the proposed me...

The strong Antarctic vortex plays a crucial role in forming an expansive region with significant stratospheric ozone depletion during austral spring, commonly referred to as the Antarctic “ozone hole”. This study examines daily ozone colu...

Understanding boundary-layer atmospheric temperature and moisture is essential for advancing our knowledge of the Earth system. This study adopts a one-dimensional variational (1DVAR)-based technique to integrate spaceborne measurement and ground-bas...

A severe haze episode that occurred in Wuhan, central China, from 6–14 June 2012 was investigated using ground-based and satellite-derived observations, from which the optical properties and vertical distribution of the aerosols were obtained. The ma...

The severity of wildfires is increasing globally. In this study, we used data from the Global Change Observation Mission-Climate/Second-generation Global Imager (GCOM-C/SGLI) to characterize the biomass burning aerosols that are generated by large-sc...

Seasonal and inter-annual variabilities in aerosol optical depth (AOD) andaerosol size distribution are investigated using ground-based measurements (sun photometersand sun/sky radiometers), and MODIS (MODerate Imaging Spectroradiometer) and MISR(Mul...

This paper addresses the challenges of ground-based observation of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) targets using on-Earth telescopes and proposes solutions for improving image quality and tracking fast-moving objects under atmospheric turbulence conditions. Th...

Ground-based multichannel microwave radiometers can observe the atmospheric microwave radiation brightness temperature and continuously provide temperature and humidity profiles of the troposphere. At present, microwave radiometers are operated in ma...

Ground-based full-physical experiments for space rendezvous and docking serve as a critical step in verifying the reliability of docking technology. The high-precision active attitude setting of spacecraft simulators represents a key technology for g...

This study evaluates formaldehyde (HCHO) over the U.S. from 2006 to 2015 by comparing ground monitor data from the Air Quality System (AQS) and a satellite retrieval from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Our comparison focuses on the utility of...

Comparing cloud cover (CC) products from different satellites with the same ground-based CC dataset provides information on the similarities or differences of values among satellite products. For this reason, 42-month CC products from Moderate Resolu...

The aim of the research project “Innovative Strategies for Observations in the Arctic Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ISOBAR)” is to substantially increase the understanding of the stable atmospheric boundary layer (SBL) through a combination...

In this work we present the evolution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) content over several important European cities during 2005–2014 using space observations and ground-based in-situ measurements. The NO₂ content was derived using the daily o...

Ground-based multi-channel microwave radiometers (MWRs) can continuously detect atmospheric profiles in the tropospheric atmosphere. This makes MWR an ideal tool to supplement radiosonde and satellite observations in monitoring the thermodynamic evol...

We develop a new approach that resolves cloud area distributions of single-layer shallow cumuli from ground-based observations. Our simple and computationally inexpensive approach uses images obtained from a Total Sky Imager (TSI) and complementary i...

The present study investigates aerosols distributions and a strong Sahara dust-storm event that occurred by early August 2018, in the South of Morocco. We used columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom Exponent (AE) and volume size distributions...

The formation and evolution of clouds are associated with their thermodynamical and microphysical progress. Previous studies have been conducted to collect images using ground-based cloud observation equipment to provide important cloud characteristi...

Total phosphorus (TP) is the main limiting factor of eutrophication for most inland waters globally. However, the combination of the limited temporal-spatial ranges of traditional manual sampling, poor spectral resolutions, and weather-vulnerable sat...

Following a very cold first half of the Arctic stratosphere winter of 2024–2025, the stratospheric polar vortex weakened from late February. The increase in the polar lower stratosphere temperature led to a decrease in the polar stratospheric c...

The Arabian Peninsula (AP) is notable for its unique meteorological and climatic patterns and plays a pivotal role in understanding regional climate dynamics and dust emissions. The scarcity of ground-based observations makes atmospheric data essenti...

In recent decades, considerable research has been carried out both in measuring and modelling the brightness of the sky. Modelling is highly complex, as the properties of light emission (spatial and spectral distribution) are generally unknown, and t...

Quantifying the atmospheric water balance is critical for the study of hydrological processes in significant regions. This study quantified atmospheric water balance closure at 205 stations in mainland China on a monthly timescale from 2009 to 2018 u...

This article presents and technically describes a new field spectro-goniometer system for the ground-based characterization of the surface reflectance anisotropy under natural illumination conditions developed at the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI)....

High spatio-temporal resolution and accurate long-term rainfall estimates are critical in sustainable water resource planning and management, assessment of climate variability and extremes, and hydro-meteorology-related water system decisions. The re...

This study examines the performance of a data assimilation and forecasting system that simultaneously assimilates satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) and ground-based PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 observations into the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupl...

A comprehensive study of the formation process of haze events in the Jinan area of China during winter is conducted based on the ground-based and satellite observation data from 1 December 2020 to 12 January 2021. According to variation of pollutant...

In this research, a new time-resolved emission inversion system was developed to investigate variations in SO₂ emission in China during the COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) lockdown period based on a four-dimensional variational (4DVar) inversion...

Changes in stratospheric ozone have to be assessed continuously to evaluate the effectiveness of the Montreal Protocol. In the southern hemisphere, few ground-based observational datasets exist, making measurements at the Network for the Detection of...

Precipitation monitoring is important for earth system modeling and environmental management. Low spatial representativeness limits gauge measurements of rainfall and low spatial resolution limits satellite-derived rainfall. SM2RAIN-based products, w...

The 25–26 August 2018 space weather event occurred during the solar minimum period and surprisingly became the third largest geomagnetic storm of the entire 24th solar cycle. We analyzed the ionospheric response at high latitudes of both hemispheres...

This paper examines the response of the ionosphere to the impact of two moderate geomagnetic storms observed on January 17 and 26–27, 2013, under conditions of strong sudden stratospheric warming. The study uses data from ground-based ionosonde...

Surface solar radiation (SSR) is a critical component of the Earth’s energy balance and plays a pivotal role in climate modelling, hydrological processes, and solar energy planning. In data-scarce regions like India, where dense ground-based ra...

The objective was to validate the carbon monoxide (CO) total column product inferred from Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY) full-mission (2003–2011) short-wave infrared (SWIR) nadir observations using t...

Aerosol particles are the major contributor to the deterioration of air quality in China’s capital, Beijing. Using ground-based sun photometer observations from 2005 to 2014, the long-term variations in optical properties and microphysical properties...

Characterizing the wind speeds of Venus and their variability at multiple vertical levels is essential for a better understanding of the atmospheric superrotation, constraining the role of large-scale planetary waves in the maintenance of this superr...

While the stratospheric ozone protects the biosphere against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, tropospheric ozone acts like a greenhouse gas and an indicator of anthropogenic pollution. In this paper, we combined ground-based and satellite ozone observatio...

A large number of various precursors have been reported since the Wenchuan M_S 8.0 earthquake (EQ) took place on 12 May 2008 in China. In this work, previous investigations of both ground-based electromagnetic (EM) parameters and spatial ionospheric p...

The Russian Far East is one of the regions of the country with the least investigated processes affecting the air quality and related climate changes of the region. In the current study 3D numerical modeling (WRF-Chem) together with the ground- and s...

The Global Change Observation Mission-Climate (GCOM-C) is currently the only satellite sensor providing aerosol optical thickness (AOT) in the ultraviolet (UV) region during the morning overpass time. The observations in the UV region are important t...

Extreme hydrologic events are getting more frequent under a changing climate, and a reliable hydrological modeling framework is important to understand their mechanism. However, existing hydrological modeling frameworks are mostly constrained to a re...

Yazd province in central Iran is highly prone to dust and sand storms, causing significant environmental, economic, and health impacts. This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of dust storms in Yazd over 2003–2022 using ground-based...

Accurate and updated aerosol optical properties (AOPs) are of vital importance to climatology and environment-related studies for assessing the radiative impact of natural and anthropogenic aerosols. We comprehensively studied the columnar AOP observ...

The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission Core Observatory is equipped with a dual-frequency precipitation radar (DPR) with capability of measuring precipitation simultaneously at frequencies of 13.6 GHz (Ku-band) and 35.5 GHz (Ka-band). Sin...

Analyzing vertical distribution characters of air pollutants is conducive to study the mechanisms under polluted atmospheric conditions. Nitrous acid (HONO) is a kind of crucial species in photochemical cycles. Exploring the influence and sources of...

In recent decades, microwave remote sensing (RS) has been used to measure soil moisture (SM). Long-term and large-scale RS SM datasets derived from various microwave sensors have been used in environmental fields. Understanding the accuracies of RS S...

Despite a number of studies on biomass burning (BB) emissions in the atmosphere, observation of the associated aerosols and pollutants requires continuous efforts. Brazil, and more broadly Latin America, is one of the most important seasonal sources...