For a suspected forgery that involves the falsification of a document or its contents, the investigator will primarily analyze the document’s paper and ink in order to establish the authenticity of the subject under investigation. As a non-dest...
The growing development of new technologies and the evolution of communication devices has led the world’s population to gradually replace traditional writing on paper and pen with digital handwriting. This shift in writing instruments and medi...
Documented skeletal collections are the backbone of forensic anthropology due to their associated biohistories. This paper describes the identified skeletal collections and their relevance in forensic anthropological research, education and training...
This study applies a forensic examination to six distinct Android fitness applications centered around monitoring running activities. The applications are Adidas Running, MapMyWalk, Nike Run Club, Pumatrac, Runkeeper and Strava. Specifically, we perf...
In the domain of computer forensics, ensuring the integrity of operations like preservation, acquisition, analysis, and documentation is critical. Discrepancies in these processes can compromise evidence and lead to potential miscarriages of justice....
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was tested for all of the relevant issues in forensic examinations of commercial inks, including classification of pen inks on one paper type and on different paper types, determination of the deposition or...
Due to the advancement of technology, cybercrime has increased considerably, making digital forensics essential for any organisation. One of the most critical challenges is to analyse and classify the information on devices, identifying the relevant...
The advancement of technology and its developments have provided the forensic sciences with many cutting-edge tools, devices, and applications, allowing forensics a better and more accurate understanding of the crime scene, a better and optimal acqui...
Increasingly sophisticated techniques for falsifying and forging legal documents demand non-destructive and accurate analysis methods. Researchers have extensively investigated ink discrimination through an interdisciplinary analysis involving Raman...
Spatial and scale effects have barely been considered in forensic entomology, despite their pervasive influence on most of the parameters affecting the development of insect larval stages and the progression of insect succession on cadavers. Here, we...
This article presents a comprehensive forensic tool for crime scene and traffic accident investigations, integrating advanced 3D reconstruction and semantic and dynamic analyses; the tool facilitates the accurate documentation and preservation of cri...
7 February 2023
Forensic medical opinions serve the appropriate classification of a crime against health. Violence, a multifaceted phenomenon, requires forensic medical examination in the case of causing damage to health. Due to the effects caused by the perpetrator...
This paper systematizes and analyzes the links and exchanges between the Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team (Equipo Argentino de Antropología Forense (EAAF)) and the world of religion. My hypothesis is that these links are inextricable from...
Background/Objectives: Overkill is generally defined as violence demonstrably exceeding the force required to cause death, often involving a disproportionate number of inflicted injuries. Typically linked to specific mental states, this phenomenon ca...
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) also known as drones have created many challenges to the digital forensic field. These challenges are introduced in all processes of the digital forensic investigation (i.e., identification, preservation, examination,...
The increasing volume and diversity of scientific publications poses challenges for scalable and interpretable topic discovery and automated document categorization. This study proposes an integrated framework that combines probabilistic topic modeli...
Human osteological documented collections (DCs), also referred to as “identified collections”, are a valuable resource in biological and forensic anthropology, as they offer the possibility for hypothesis-driven research on sex and age-at...
The identification of human remains relies on the comparison of post-mortem data, collected during the autopsy, with the ante-mortem data gathered from the missing persons’ reports. DNA, fingerprints, and dental data are considered primary identifier...
The use of the unindexed web, commonly known as the deep web and dark web, to commit or facilitate criminal activity has drastically increased over the past decade. The dark web is a dangerous place where all kinds of criminal activities take place,...
This paper presents several scenarios where digital evidence can be collected from mobile devices, their legal value keeping untouched. The paper describes a robust methodology for mobile forensics developed through on-field experiences directly gain...
In some jurisdictions, race, ancestry or population affinity are part of the biological profile used in preliminary identification, for historical and political reasons. It is long overdue for forensic anthropologists to abandon this typological appr...
Background: Postmortem DNA identification of highly decomposed human remains is often limited by the availability and quality of conventional biological samples. Keratinized tissues, such as fingernails, represent a potentially valuable alternative d...
Background/Objectives: The objective of this review is to map nurses’ responsibilities in addressing individuals who are victims of violence, specifically in the preservation of forensic evidence in both intra- and extra-hospital contexts. The...
The requirement for the preservation of evidence in court continues to pose a challenge to forensic document analysis, where the answer to the discrimination of writing utensils is recurrent in requested questions. This study aims to contribute to th...
With the rapid advancement of technology in recent years, signatures on contracts and documents have increasingly shifted from traditional handwritten forms on paper to digital handwritten signatures executed on devices (hereafter referred to as digi...
Background/Objectives: On 22 February 2021, a coastal landslide in Italy caused the collapse of an old cemetery, displacing approximately 370 coffins, with over 200 plunging into the sea. This disaster necessitated the recovery and identification of...
The ability to detect the presence of body fluids is a crucial first step in documenting and processing forensic evidence. The Rapid Stain IDentification (RSID™) tests for blood, saliva, semen and urine are lateral flow immunochromatographic strip te...
Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, frequently resulting in traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), skull fractures, and spinal injuries. This manuscript examines the forensic aspects of head trauma caused...
The area of forgery detection of documents is considered an active field of research in digital forensics. One of the most common issues that investigators struggle with is circled around the selection of the approach in terms of accuracy, complexity...
Various government and commercial services, including, but not limited to, e-government, fintech, banking, and sharing economy services, widely use smartphones to simplify service access and user authorization. Many organizations involved in these ar...
Purpose: Suicide is a leading cause of death among children and adolescents worldwide. This study examined the prevalence and characteristics of suicides among children and adolescents (aged ≤ 19 years) over a 13-year period in the broader area of...
Digital dentistry is undergoing rapid evolution, with three-dimensional imaging technologies increasingly integrated into routine clinical workflows. Originally developed for accurate dental arch reconstruction, modern intraoral scanners have demonst...
Assessing the timing of skeletal trauma significantly impacts the reconstruction of events surrounding death and deposition in forensic cases. However, there are no absolute time frames in which the characteristics of wet bone (peri-mortem) fractures...
A valuable aspect during crime scene investigation is the digital documentation of the scene. Traditional means of documentation include photography and in situ measurements from experts for further analysis. Although 3D reconstruction of pertinent s...
Permissionless blockchains have evolved beyond cryptocurrency into foundations for Web3 applications, decentralized finance (DeFi), and digital asset ownership, yet this rapid expansion has intensified privacy vulnerabilities. This study provides a c...
The application of advanced imaging techniques, particularly computed tomography (CT), photogrammetric scanning, and three-dimensional reconstructions of body surfaces and skeletal remains, is becoming a crucial component of Forensic Anthropology. Th...
The maltreatment and torture of prisoners constitute a global problem. Methods of maltreatment are classified as the psychological and the physical, and physical methods inevitably lead to psychological sequelae. Our review offers an analysis from th...
This work focuses on automatic gender and age prediction tasks from handwritten documents. This problem is of interest in a variety of fields, such as historical document analysis and forensic investigations. The challenge for automatic gender and ag...
Background: The phenomenon of pink teeth represents a notable observation in forensic science, although its interpretation remains complex and not directly attributable to a specific cause of death. Methods: This systematic review provides an updated...
Background: Violence against women or other vulnerable individuals is a serious violation of human rights and a global public health issue representing a significant “problem of enormous global health proportions”. Violence against women...
Background: Hospital autopsies, once considered fundamental to evidence-based medicine, have declined in many Western countries due to legislative changes, faith-based objections, and inadequate funding in public healthcare. However, the COVID-19 pan...
This article examines Marcel Janco’s Holocaust drawings, positioning them within the broader discourse of Holocaust representation, trauma, and avant-garde aesthetics. Created in response to the Bucharest Pogrom of January 1941, these works res...
Cyber timeline analysis or forensic timeline analysis is critical in digital forensics and incident response (DFIR) investigations. It involves examining artefacts and events—particularly their timestamps and associated metadata—to detect...
Coordination is described as a widespread function emerging in relation to policy plans inducing collaboration between different sectors, organizations and professions. This paper suggests seeing the implementation phase as a translation process, one...
This study presents a forensic investigation of the catastrophic failure of the La Luciana Tailings Storage Facility (TSF) in Reocín, Spain, in 1960. The collapse released approximately 300,000 m3 of tailings, causing 18 fatalities, extensive...
Healthcare-related homicidal cases are not novel within the medical–legal landscape, but investigations are often made difficult with the scarcity of material evidence related to the crime. For this reason, it is necessary to carefully analyze...
Interpretability has made significant strides in recent years, enabling the formerly black-box models to reach new levels of transparency. These kinds of models can be particularly useful to broaden the applicability of machine learning-based systems...
The possibility of carrying out a meaningful forensic analysis on printed and scanned images plays a major role in many applications. First of all, printed documents are often associated with criminal activities, such as terrorist plans, child pornog...
24 September 2020
Suicide is one of the ten most common causes of death in the world. Of all deaths from suicide, 22% can be attributed to the use of alcohol, which means that every fifth suicide would not occur if alcohol were not consumed by the population. People u...
One of the major challenges in forensic document analysis is estimating the age of ink deposition on a manually written document. The present work aims to develop and optimise a methodology, based on the evaporation of 2-phenoxyethanol (PE) over time...
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