4,592 Results Found

The early detection of cognitive impairment is essential in order to initiate interventions and guarantee access to healthcare services. Digital solutions are emerging in the literature as an alternative approach to cognitive screening. Our primary g...

Today’s high-resolution mass spectrometers (HRMS) allow bioanalysts to perform untargeted/global determinations that can reveal unexpected compounds or concentrations in a patient’s sample. This could be performed for preliminary diagnosis attempts w...

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate psychosocial burden and its associated factors in women who were referred for additional diagnostic procedures following receipt of a positive cervical-cancer-screening smear result. Methods: A cros...

Breast cancer, the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, demands effective screening for early identification and improved treatment outcomes. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have resulted in dramatic developments in a variety of...

(1) Background: After receiving an abnormal Papanicolaou smear result, very often women fail to adhere to further procedures due to depression. Using a neural network approach, this research aimed to predict pre- and post-diagnostic depressive sympto...

Untargeted metabolomics may become a standard approach to address diagnostic requests, but, at present, data interpretation is very labor-intensive. To facilitate its implementation in metabolic diagnostic screening, we developed a method for automat...

We aimed to develop an improved version of the diagnostic model predicting the risk of malignant esophageal lesions in opportunistic screening and validate it in external populations. The development set involved 10,595 outpatients receiving endoscop...

Since the World Health Organization (WHO) issued guidelines for developing a non-sputum test for active tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis that exhibits similar performance characteristics to sputum-based diagnosis, salivary diagnostic techniques have gaine...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-established etiological factor in the development of precancerous cervical lesions and cervical cancer. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the global prevalence, genotype distribution, and patho...

Screening mammography is considered to be the most effective means for the early detection of breast cancer. However, epidemiological studies suggest that longitudinal exposure to screening mammography may raise breast cancer radiation-induced risk,...

Background/Objectives: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a significant diagnostic and public health challenge worldwide. Despite widespread vaccination, underdiagnosis persists among adults in Saudi Arabia. This study estimated HBV prevalence and ident...

Early identification of frailty can prevent functional decline. Although multiple frailty screens exist for use in Emergency Departments (EDs), few are validated against diagnostic standards such as comprehensive geriatric assessment. To examine the...

Background: Diagnostic blood tests have the potential to identify lung cancer in people at high risk. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of a lung cancer screening intervention, using the EarlyCDT®-Lung Test (ECLS) with subsequent X-ray and low-d...

(1) Background: Delirium is a common complication among surgical patients after major surgery, but it is often underdiagnosed in the post-anaesthetic care unit (PACU). Valid and reliable tools are required for improving diagnoses of delirium. The obj...

Predicting compounds with single- and multi-target activity and exploring origins of compound specificity and promiscuity is of high interest for chemical biology and drug discovery. We present a large-scale analysis of compound promiscuity including...

Early and accurate diagnosis of HIV remains a cornerstone of public health strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of signal-to-cutoff (S/CO) ratios from two fourth-generation HIV screening assays (Abbott Architect and Alinity)...

Background: Prompt and efficient identification and stratification of patients who are frail is important, as this cohort are at high risk of adverse healthcare outcomes. Numerous frailty screening tools have been developed to support their identific...

As of December 2009, cystic fibrosis (CF) newborn screening (NBS) is performed in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia. Widespread implementation of CF newborn screening (CFNBS) in the US and internationally has brought about new and varied...

Prevalence of dementia as well as hearing impairment is increasing with age[...]

With a 5-year survival rate of less than 50%, ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is one of the most highly aggressive gynecological malignancies affecting women today. The high mortality rate of HGSC is largely attributable to delays in diagn...

Engineered luciferase reporter bacteriophages provide specific, sensitive, rapid and low-cost detection of target bacteria and address growing diagnostic needs in multiple industries. Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) na...

The condition-based maintenance of vibrating screens requires new methods of their elements’ diagnostics due to severe disturbances in measured signals from vibrators and falling pieces of material. The bolted joints of the sieving deck, when f...

Brain and leptomeningeal metastases are complications of breast cancer with high rates of morbidity and mortality and have an estimated incidence of up to 30%. While National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend screening for cent...

Diagnosis of a chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletion and its associated deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is optimally made early. We reviewed the available literature to provide contemporary guidance and recommendations related to the prenatal period. Indica...

Cervical cancer screening plays a crucial role in preventing invasive disease through early detection of high-grade lesions. However, traditional cytology and histology often fail to reliably differentiate between transient HPV infections and those l...

While molecular testing with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the gold-standard test for COVID-19 diagnosis and screening, more rapid or affordable molecular and antigen testing options have been developed. More affordable, point-...

(1) Background: An important part of any neonatal hearing screening program is monitoring diagnostic visits to confirm or exclude the presence of hearing loss. In addition, time plays an important role in the diagnosis. We identified the number of ch...

Acquired vitamin B12 (vB12) deficiency (vB12D) of newborns is relatively frequent as compared with the incidence of inherited diseases included in newborn screening (NBS) of different countries across the globe. Infants may present signs of vB12D bef...

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has severely impacted human health and the health management system globally. The ongoing pandemic has required the development of...

Background: Emergency care systems are at the core of modern healthcare and are the “point-of-entry/admission” into the hospital for many older/elderly patients. Among these, it is estimated that 15% to 30% will have delirium on admission and that ov...

Sweden has one neonatal screening laboratory and two centers conducting diagnostic workup for inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been gradually introduced as a confirmatory diagnostic test in the Swedish newborn s...

We established a diagnostic system for adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) and peroxisomal disorders (PD) over 35 years ago in Japan, and have diagnosed 237 families with ALD and more than 100 cases of PD other than ALD using biochemical and molecular analyse...

With the global impetus for the elimination of canine-mediated human rabies, the need for robust rabies surveillance systems has become ever more important. Many countries are working to improve their rabies surveillance programs and, as a result, th...

The transmission of Tuberculosis (TB) is very rapid and the burden it places on health care systems is felt globally. The effective management and prevention of this disease requires that it is detected early. Current TB diagnostic approaches, such a...

Our study aimed to assess the role of a hand-held fundus camera and artificial intelligence (AI)-based grading system in diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening and determine its diagnostic accuracy in detecting DR compared with clinical examination and...

This study aims to investigate and assess salivary biomarkers and microbial profiles as a means of diagnosing periodontitis. A total of 121 subjects were included: 28 periodontally healthy subjects, 24 with Stage I periodontitis, 24 with Stage II, 23...

Background: Newborns with a critical congenital heart disease left undiagnosed and untreated have a substantial risk for serious complications and subsequent failure to thrive. Prenatal ultrasound screening is not widely available, nor is postnatal e...

Background: The oral cavity is a potential source of infectious complications in patients treated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy (CT). Pre-chemotherapy oral examination to identify foci of infection is recommended, but it is unclear whether this...

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of diagnosing dry eye disease (DED) by using the Visionix VX120+, to establish reference values for tear meniscus height (TMH) and non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT), and to compare the NIBUT measurements with the...

Sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs) collectively occur in 1 in 500 livebirths, and diagnoses in the neonatal period are increasing with advancements in prenatal and early genetic testing. Inevitably, SCA will be identified on either routine prenatal o...

A variety of fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) are used for colorectal cancer screening. FIT performance could be improved further. It is unclear, whether the combination of different FITs with different analytical characteristics (such as, different...

Objective: This study aimed to provide a reliable estimate of early childhood autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence in Türkiye and to examine diagnostic stability and developmental trajectories through a ten-year longitudinal follow-up incor...

This systematic review summarizes the evidence for blood-based colorectal cancer biomarkers from studies conducted in pre-diagnostic, asymptomatic settings. Of 1372 studies initially identified, the final selection included 30 studies from prospectiv...

Aim: To evaluate the MONA.health artificial intelligence screening software for detecting referable diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME), including subgroup analysis. Methods: The algorithm’s threshold value was fixed at the 90%...

Background: Instruments with sufficient diagnostic accuracy are better able to detect healthcare workers (HCWs) who are at risk of psychological distress. The objective of this review is to examine the diagnostic accuracy and measurement properties o...

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic capacity of five cognitive screening tests for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients consulting by memory loss. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 140 particip...

This study explores the creation and testing of a Fuzzy Inferencing System for automating preliminary referrals for autism diagnosis, utilizing membership functions aligned with the Autism Quotient 10-item questionnaire. Validated across three distin...

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide. If diagnosed and treated early, it has a high chance of cure, and for this, screening tests are necessary, namely mammograms, which are the most commonly used. The objective of th...

Infrared spectroscopy has long been used to characterize chemical compounds, but the applicability of this technique to the analysis of biological materials containing highly complex chemical components is arguable. However, recent advances in the de...

Novel strategies for diagnostic screening of animal and herd health are crucial to contain disease outbreaks, maintain animal health, and maximize production efficiency. Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland in dairy cows, often resulting...