158 Results Found

Background: In Western countries, breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women. Early detection has a positive impact on survival, quality of life, and public health costs. Mammography screening programs have increased early detection rates,...

In forensic DNA laboratories, it is important to conduct internal validations of the commercially available kits of short tandem repeat (STR) loci and to investigate their individual and combined effectiveness. This study aims to report on a comparat...

The genetically modified (GM) maize DBN9936 with a biosafety certificate will soon undergo commercial application. To monitor the safety of DBN9936 maize, three genomic DNA (gDNA) reference materials (RMs) (DBN9936a, DBN9936b, and DBN9936c) were prep...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. PSA screening for PCa diagnosis is not disease-specific; the discovery of novel and efficient biomarkers is therefore recommended. T...

Background: Complement C4 gene copy number variation plays an important role as a determinant of genetic susceptibility to common diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, schizophrenia, rheumatoid arthritis, and infectious diseases. This study...

We used gastric cancer cell line AGS and clinical samples to investigate the roles of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations and mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). A total of 131 clinical samples, including 17 norma...

A reduced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, the ratio of mitochondrial DNA to genomic DNA (mtDNA:gDNA), has been linked with dysfunctional mitochondria. Exercise can acutely induce mtDNA damage manifested as a reduced copy number. However, the i...

Structural variations such as copy number variants (CNVs) have been associated with multiple autoimmune diseases. In this study, we explored the association of the Fc gamma receptor 3B gene (FCGR3B) copy number variation (CNV) with rheumatoid arthrit...

The molecular detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii is an important therapy-relevant tool in microbiological diagnostics. However, the quantification of this pathogen in the past has revealed discordant results depending on the target gene. As the clin...

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is a risk factor in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. According to the energy requirements, oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain work together to produce ATP in sufficient quantities...

MET amplification has been associated with shorter survival in cancer patients, however, the potential correlation of MET overexpression with either MET amplification or patient outcome is controversial. The aim of this study was to address these que...

g10evo-epsps is a novel glyphosate herbicide-resistant gene that has been transferred to various crops such as soybean, corn, cotton, and rice. Here, we developed a gene-specific digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR) detection method for absolute...

This study describes the seasonal course of denitrifying and nitrate-reducing bacteria in a dimictic mesotrophic lake (Lake Scharmützelsee, Brandenburg, Germany) within a three-year period from 2011 to 2013. The bacterial cell numbers were quant...

Little is known about the mutational processes that shape the genetic landscape of gliomas. Numerous mutational processes leave marks on the genome in the form of mutations, copy number alterations, rearrangements or their combinations. To explore gl...

Background: c-mesenchymal epithelial transition factor receptor (c-MET) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) amplification have been identified as factors associated with advanced stage and poor prognosis in gastric cancer (GC). While they...

The TSPY gene stands out from all other human protein-coding genes because of its high copy number and tandemly-repeated organization. Here, we review its evolutionary history in great apes in order to assess whether these unusual properties are more...

Gram-negative bacteria release Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) into the extracellular environment. Recent studies recognized these vesicles as vectors to horizontal gene transfer; however, the parameters that mediate OMVs transfer within bacterial com...

Site-directed RNA editing (SDRE) technologies have great potential for treating genetic diseases caused by point mutations. Our group and other researchers have developed SDRE methods utilizing adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) and guide RNA...

Placental mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Since preeclampsia is a hyperandrogenic state, we hypothesized that elevated maternal testosterone levels induce damage to placental mitochondria and decrea...

Novel antigenic variant strains of the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) classified into genogroup A2d have been found in the western part of Japan since 2017. Novel antigenic variant IBDVs now occur in higher frequencies in poultry houses and h...

The molecular landscape of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is highly heterogeneous, and genetic lesions are clinically relevant for diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment guidance. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become an essential to...

Disease resistance is one of the most successful strategies in crop protection. For example, the implementation of PI 88788 type resistance, which contains high copy numbers of Resistance to Heterodera glycines 1 (rhg1) loci, into the commercial soyb...

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a complex immune-mediated disease caused by feline coronavirus (FCoV). Despite advancements in understanding its pathogenesis, challenges persist in elucidating viral factors related to virion composition and re...

Mitochondria generate energy to support cells. They are important organelles that engage in key biological pathways. The dysfunction of mitochondria can be linked to hepatocarcinogenesis, which has been actively explored in recent years. To investiga...

Most of the defective/non-infectious enteric phages and viruses that end up in wastewater originate in human feces. Some of the causes of this high level of inactivity at the host stage are unknown. There is a significant gap between how enteric phag...

Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is rare and aggressive histology of kidney cancers. Although different therapeutic approaches have been tested, the 2-year survival remains very poor. Since CDC exhibits overlapping features with urothelial carcinoma,...

Amplification (amp) of MET can be observed in cases of focal gene copy number gain, such as MET-driven amp, or with a gain of chromosome 7, such as aneuploidy. Several studies have shown that only high-level focal MET amp (MET/CEP7 ratio ≥5) is oncog...

Physiological and psychological stressors have been associated with the attrition of telomeres, which are the protective caps of chromosomes. This study compares the telomere length (TL) in 4-year-old Brahman cows grouped by the first parity (n = 8)...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage is closely associated with typical diseases of aging, such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease, and other health conditions, such as infertility. This damage manifests in reduced mitochondrial copy numbe...

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is emerging as a new method for the detection of clinically significant copy number variants (CNVs). In this study, we developed and validated rapid CNV-sequencing (rCNV-seq) for clinical application in prenatal diagn...

The use of adjuvant therapy is controversial in atypical meningiomas with gross total resection. Predictors of recurrence risk could be useful in selecting patients for additional treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate whether molecular...

AI-driven biologics manufacturing demands an efficient protein production platform. In this study, we optimized scFv secretion in Pichia pastoris through three strategies: gene dosage optimization, expression cassette design, and endoplasmic reticulu...

Phenotypic variability in isogenic bacterial populations is a remarkable feature that helps them cope with external stresses, yet it is incompletely understood. This variability can stem from gene expression noise and/or the unequal partitioning of l...

Energy-efficient routing has become a critical issue for advanced energy-hungry unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Routing in a flying ad hoc network is always challenging and becomes even more critical when a small number of UAVs must cover a large ar...

Depressed colorectal neoplasm exhibits high malignant potential and shows rapid invasiveness. We investigated the genomic profile of depressed neoplasms and clarified the survival outcome and treatment response of the cancers arising from them. We ex...

In a eukaryotic cell, the ratio of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to nuclear DNA (nDNA) is usually maintained within a specific range. This suggests the presence of a negative feedback loop mechanism preventing extensive mtDNA replication and depletion. H...

Basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) is an inherited disorder characterized mainly by the development of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) at an early age. BCNS is caused by heterozygous small-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy-number variants (CNVs) in the...

The effects of fallow season water and straw management on methane (CH4) emissions during the fallow season and the subsequent rice-growing season are rarely reported, and the underlying microbial mechanisms remain unclear. A field experiment was con...

In vertebrates, mainly single genes with an allele ratio of 1:1 trigger sex-determination (SD), leading to initial equal sex-ratios. Such genes are designated master-key regulators (MKRs) and are frequently associated with DNA structural variations,...

Adulteration of high-value beef with lower-priced alternatives is a world-wide problem resulting in consumers’ distrust and market chaos. Therefore, effective methods for the identification and quantification of adulterated beef products are ur...

Trees are unique in terms of development, sustainability and longevity. Some species have a record lifespan in the living world, reaching several millennia. The aim of this review is to summarize the available data on the genetic and epigenetic mecha...

Background: Gene rearrangements affecting KMT2A are frequent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and are often associated with a poor prognosis. KMT2A gene fusions are often detected by chromosome banding analysis and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hy...

The Information-Centric Network (ICN), designed for efficient content acquisition and distribution, is a promising candidate architecture for the future Internet. In-network caching in ICN makes it possible to reuse contents and the Name Resolution S...

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely used in the task of object detection in remote sensing. Remote sensing targets can have arbitrary angles, and many anchor-base methods use a lot of anchors with different angles which cause effici...

Although several countries have adopted severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) into their newborn screening (NBS) program, other countries are still in the decision process of adding this disorder in their program and finding the appropriate screeni...

Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) are popular biomaterials due to their reversible, temperature-dependent phase separation and their tunability, which is achievable by evolving procedures in recombinant technology. In particular, recursive direction l...

Background/Objectives: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease induced by bacteria in dental plaque that can activate the host’s immune-inflammatory response and invade the bloodstream. We hypothesized that a higher periodontal inflamed surfac...

Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) suffers from the need for specific equipment and skilled personnel; thus, we here present a chamber-based digital PCR microfluidic device that is compatible with fluorescence image read-out systems an...

Vibrio natriegens is the fastest-growing bacterium, with a doubling time of approximately 12–14 min. It has a high potential for basic research and biotechnological applications, e.g., it can be used for the cell-free production of (labeled) he...

Changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and telomere length have, separately, been proposed as risk factors for various cancer types. However, those results are conflicting. Here, mtDNA-CN and relative telomere length were measured in 322...