A novel dual-message QR code is proposed for carrying two individual messages that can be read by standard QR code readers: one from a close range and the other from a large distance. By exploring the module value determining the rule of typical QR c...
Recently, with the widespread adoption of quick response (QR) code payments, there have been incidents of unauthorized use of QR codes presented at the time of payment, due to theft or duplication. As a countermeasure, conventional QR code payment sy...
Today, consumers consider food packaging to be as equally important as a product brand. In addition, the increase in smartphone usage by consumers has led marketers to design new forms of packaging. Among the latest marketing trends, smart packaging...
This paper describes a new steganographic method for QR codes. Unlike most information-hiding techniques in this field, it does not rely on the error correction property. Instead, it uses the segmentation feature of QR codes. Encoding of data in a QR...
The visual cryptography scheme (VCS) distributes a secret to several images that can enhance the secure transmission of that secret. Quick response (QR) codes are widespread. VCS can be used to improve their secure transmission. Some schemes recover...
We present the application of QR Codes as carriers for colorimetric dyes, whereby this refined version of machine-readable patterns applied to colorimetric sensing also allows us to maintain the data from the QR Code standard in a back-compatible way...
Secret image sharing (SIS) is an image protection technique based on cryptography. However, traditional SIS schemes have limited noise resistance, making it difficult to ensure reconstructed image quality. To address this issue, this paper proposes a...
Secret sharing is an information security technique where a dealer divides a secret into a collection of shares and distributes these to members of a group. The secret will only be revealed when a predefined number of group members cooperate to recov...
Free chlorine (FC) plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety of drinking water by effectively inactivating pathogenic microorganisms. However, traditional methods for measuring FC levels often require specialized equipment and laboratory settings,...
QR (Quick Response) codes are one of the most famous types of two-dimensional (2D) matrix barcodes, which are the descendants of well-known 1D barcodes. The mobile robots which move in certain operational space can use information and landmarks from...
Visual secret sharing (VSS) schemes can enhance the security of image transmission over networks. Conventional VSS schemes often generate meaningless shares, which can raise suspicion among potential attackers. To address this issue, this paper propo...
The ongoing expansion of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has led to a diversification of drone applications. Among them, this paper focuses on the critical technology required for load management using drones. Generally, when using autonomous drones...
Color consistency when reading colorimetric sensors is a key factor for this technology. Here, we demonstrate how the usage of machine-readable patterns, like QR codes, can be used to solve the problem. We present our approach of using back-compatibl...
Debit and credit card payments have become the preferred method of payment for consumers, replacing paper checks and cash. However, this shift has also led to an increase in concerns regarding identity theft and payment security. To address these cha...
(1) Background: The Vaccine Coverage Rate of influenza remains low and omnichannel efforts are required to improve it. The objective was to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of a QR Code nudging system in outpatient departments. (2) Methods: The...
The paper gives a detailed review of the approaches adopted for embedding information into/onto additively manufactured parts. The primary purpose of this paper is to review all the techniques adopted for embedding information, highlight notable tren...
The climate crisis is one of the most significant challenges of the twenty-first century. The primary cause of high carbon emissions is industrial production that relies on carbon-based energy sources such as fuel oil, paraffin, coal, and natural gas...
A multi-purpose image-based QR code is designed in this paper. There are four purposes for the generated image-based QR code. In the first purpose, the basic image-based QR code with the look of a host image is with an ingenious layout to be identifi...
This paper designs a texture-hidden QR code to prevent the illegal copying of a QR code due to its lack of anti-counterfeiting ability. Combining random texture patterns and a refined QR code, the code is not only capable of regular coding but also h...
A photomosaic is an image with two layers of visual information, including an overarching image that can be seen from a distance and a matrix of individual tile images when examined closely. This paper presents a method for generating photomosaics wi...
This study aims to establish a first reference didactic and methodological framework for the operational and effective integration of Quick Response (QR) codes in the training of Social Sciences teachers in Primary Education, paying special attention...
In present times, barcode decoders on mobile phones can extract the data content of QR codes. However, this convenience raises concerns about security issues when using QR codes to transmit confidential information, such as e-tickets, coupons, and ot...
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of QR (quick response) codes in explaining the proper method for orthotic use after orthopedic surgery. A questionnaire survey was adopted to evaluate patient satisfaction with education and traini...
Recently, more and more research has focused on the beautification technology of QR (Quick Response) codes. In this paper, a novel algorithm based on the XOR (exclusive OR) mechanism of hybrid basis vector matrices and a background image synthetic st...
Ensuring online safety and security is critical as personal data grow increasingly valuable, necessitating robust authentication to protect users from potential threats. The use of current authentication mechanisms often fails to balance user conveni...
QR (quick response) Codes are one of the most popular types of two-dimensional (2D) matrix codes currently used in a wide variety of fields. Two-dimensional matrix codes, compared to 1D bar codes, can encode significantly more data in the same area....
A Quick Response Code (QR Code) aims to provide accurate and traceable information to consumers wanting to verify the quality of agri-food products. This study aimed to investigate the experiences and intentions of scanning QR Code in traditional mar...
The information technique has developed rapidly. The technique of QR codes is widely applied in our daily life, and the mechanism is suitable to share data. A QR code uses symmetric encryption to store and retrieve data efficiently. However, the secu...
For the interacting with real world, augmented reality devices need lightweight yet reliable methods for recognition and identification of physical objects. In that regard, promising possibilities are offered by supporting computer vision with 2D bar...
As the fundamental element of the Internet of Things, the QR code has become increasingly crucial for connecting online and offline services. Concerning e-commerce and logistics, we mainly focus on how to identify QR codes quickly and accurately. An...
To improve the accuracy of a 3D bone position estimation system that displays 3D images in response to changes in the position of fluoroscopic images, modified markers using quick response (QR) codes were developed. The aims of this study were to ass...
Providing position and orientation estimations from a two-dimensional (2D) image is challenging, as such images lack depth information between the target and the automation system. This paper proposes a numerical-based monocular positioning method to...
The augmented reality (AR) system requires markers to recognize and locate virtual objects on the screens of mobile devices. However, both markers and objects must be registered via the online platform in advance. In addition, an AR marker can only p...
The advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) has enhanced the extensive usage of QR code images in various computer vision applications. Nonetheless, this has also brought forth several technical challenges. In particular, the logistics sorting system...
With the development of technology, QR codes play an important role in information exchange. In order to work out the problem of uneven illumination in automatic sorting in logistics systems, an adaptive method in binarization is presented. The propo...
QR codes (short for Quick Response codes) were originally developed for use in the automotive industry to track factory inventories and logistics, but their popularity has expanded significantly in the past few years due to the widespread application...
Numerous studies on positioning technology are ongoing for recognizing the positions of objects accurately. Vision-, sensor-, and signal-based technologies are combined for recognizing the positions of objects outdoors and indoors. While positioning...
In practical usage, QR codes often become difficult to recognize due to damage. Traditional restoration methods exhibit a limited effectiveness for severely damaged or densely encoded QR codes, are time-consuming, and have limitations in addressing e...
Innovative technologies have greatly changed people’s lives, including their travel experiences. This study investigates the antecedents and outcomes of the quick response (QR) code payment technology used in tourism to provide empirical evidence tha...
With the rapid development of information technology and the widespread use of the Internet, QR codes are widely used in all walks of life and have a profound impact on people’s work and life. However, the QR code itself is likely to be printed...
SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) technology incorporating QR code navigation has been widely used in the mobile robotics industry. However, the particle kidnapping problem, positioning accuracy, and navigation time are still urgent issues...
Due to the effective management of radioactive waste in the Republic of Korea (South Korea) and around the world as well as the introduction of radioactive waste certification programs, an integrated radioactive waste management system has been devel...
Electronic quick response (e-QR) codes provide access to real-time sensor data using smartphone readers and internet connectivity. Printed electronics and hybrid integration on flexible substrates is a promising solution for wide-scale and low-cost d...
The widespread use of smartphones is boosting the market take-up of dedicated applications and among them, barcode scanning applications. Several barcodes scanners are available but show security and privacy weaknesses. In this paper, we provide a co...
Cyber Physical Social Sensing makes mobile social networks (MSNs) popular with users. However, such attacks are rampant as malicious URLs are spread covertly through quick response (QR) codes to control compromised accounts in MSNs to propagate malic...
Background/Objectives: Laser has a prominent place in pharmaceutical industry, especially in the marking of solid dosage forms (SDFs). To combat falsified medicines, this study evaluates QR code marking on the surface of tablets as a supplement to se...
In an era of ever-evolving and increasingly sophisticated cyber threats, protecting sensitive information from cyberattacks such as business email compromise (BEC) attacks has become a top priority for individuals and enterprises. Existing methods us...
Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems suffer from low SSVEP response intensity and visual fatigue, resulting in lower accuracy when operating the system for continuous commands, such as an electric...
Construction safety accidents occur due to a combination of factors. Even a minor accident that could have been treated as a simple injury can lead to a serious accident or death, depending on when and where it occurred. Currently, methods for tracki...
Emerging technologies have made tremendous changes in people’s daily lives, and they have profoundly influenced their economic and consumption activities. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has also drastically increased individuals’ usage o...
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