The ultrasound instrumentation uses linear power amplifiers with low power efficiency, generating unwanted heat and resulting in the deterioration of the echo signal quality of measured targets. Therefore, this study aims to develop a power amplifier...
The design and implementation of an asymmetrical Doherty power amplifier are discussed, where two Cree GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) devices are used for designing an asymmetrical Doherty power amplifier to achieve saturated power of...
This survey addresses the cutting-edge load modulation microwave and radio frequency power amplifiers for next-generation wireless communication standards. The basic operational principle of the Doherty amplifier and its defective behavior that has b...
The Doherty Power Amplifier represents one of the most promising solutions for the design of high-efficiency power stages. In the widely adopted ABC scheme, the Doherty Amplifier design critically depends on the accuracy of the device model in differ...
This paper presents a simple method to design wideband Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) based on the synthesis of a combiner network which can mimic the response of an ideal compensation of the device reactive output equivalent network and exploit the...
This paper introduces a novel differential combiner designed to effectively address parasitic capacitances of transistors used in power amplifier (PA) designs with precise compensation at a specified frequency. The combiner consists of a
This paper discusses the design of a wideband class AB-C Doherty power amplifier suitable for 5G applications. Theoretical analysis of the output matching network is presented, focusing on the impact of the non-ideally infinite output impedance of th...
This study presents a systematic design of an optimized drive signal control system for 2.5 GHz Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs). The designed system enables the analysis of the independent control of the amplitude and phase for the signals between th...
This paper presents a broadband 3–3.7 GHz class-J Doherty power amplifier exploiting second harmonic tuning in the output network. Furthermore, the output impedance inverter is eliminated and its effect is embedded in the main device’s ou...
This paper presents a Ka-band three-stage power amplifier for 5G communications, which has been implemented in a 150 nm GaN-on-SiC technology and adopts a Doherty architecture. The amplifier is made up of a 50 Ω input buffer, which drives a pow...
In this paper, the design and implementation of a Doherty power amplifier (DPA) are proposed using gallium nitride high electron mobility transistors (GaN HEMTs). Class-F and Class-C modes are combined to obtain an asymmetric DPA. The precise active...
In this paper, a high-efficiency GaN Doherty power amplifier (DPA) for 5G applications in the N78 sub-6 GHz band is introduced. The theoretical analysis of the matching networks for the peak and carrier transistors is presented, with a focus on the i...
In this paper, a 3.2–3.6 GHz two-stage Doherty power amplifier (PA) module is proposed for fifth-generation (5G) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) base stations. A detailed design method and procedure for a compact and low-loss comb...
A broadband Doherty power amplifier (DPA) always experiences an efficiency degradation between two efficiency peaks, especially at two side bands. In this study, the efficiency degradation was demonstrated to be caused caused by the in-phase power co...
This paper proposes a design method for high-efficiency broadband Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) optimized through a co-simulation approach combining genetic algorithms and neural networks. The method integrates the global search capability of genet...
This article presents a new broadband three-way series Doherty power amplifier (DPA) topology, which enables a broadband output power back-off (OBO) efficiency enhancement of up to 10 dB or higher. The proposed DPA topology achieves Doherty load modu...
In this paper, the load modulation process of a Doherty power amplifier (DPA) is analyzed to address the issue of why designed DPAs have a very low efficiency in the back-off state in some cases. A general formula of the real load modulation process...
This paper proposes a broadband asymmetrical monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) Doherty power amplifier (DPA) using 0.25-μm gallium-nitride process with a compact chip size of 2.37 × 1.86 mm2 for 5G communication. It adopts an unequal Wil...
Utilizing asymmetric Doherty technology, this paper designs a high-efficiency radio frequency (RF) power amplifier (PA) for 5G base station applications. To improve the performance of PA and narrow the gap between simulations and practices, we use co...
To be compatible with future wireless communication systems, it is very necessary to extend the bandwidth of the Doherty power amplifier (DPA). In this paper, a modified combiner integrated with a complex combining impedance is adopted to enable an u...
This paper presents a novel load modulation network to realize a broadband Doherty power amplifier (DPA). The proposed load modulation network consists of two generalized transmission lines and a modified coupler. A comprehensive theoretical analysis...
This work develops a novel dynamic load modulation Power Amplifier (PA) circuity that can provide an optimum compromise between linearity and efficiency while covering multiple cellular frequency bands. Exploiting monolithic microwave integrated circ...
This paper presents a 2-stage GaN Doherty power amplifier module (DPAM) on a compact
To meet the demand for high efficiency in modern broadband communication systems, this paper presents a novel continuous-mode Doherty power amplifier design method based on integrated high-order filter prototypes. By deeply merging the filter structu...
To expand the operating frequency bands of the Doherty power amplifier (DPA), this paper proposes a dual-mode multi-band DPA design method employing impedance-and-phase constrained optimization based on reciprocal gate bias. By introducing the concep...
This paper presents a Doherty power amplifier (DPA) integrated circuit (IC) designed to have enhanced gain, efficiency, and AM-AM characteristics through a dynamic power dividing technique, which can control the power dividing ratio according to the...
A compact 8–15 GHz Doherty power amplifier (DPA) is proposed and fabricated in 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS. The proposed DPA relies on a quadrature-hybrid splitter and combiner to replace the bulky
This paper presents a comprehensive review of GaAs HBT-based Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) targeting 5G New Radio (NR) handset applications. Focusing on the critical challenges of linearity enhancement, back-off efficiency improvement, bandwidth ex...
A novel compact output power combiner for broadband Doherty Power Amplifiers is proposed in this paper. The proposed output power combiner avoids the use of quarter-wave impedance transformers as they are sizable and work over narrow bandwidths. Inst...
Power amplifiers in modern and future communications should be able to handle different modulation standards at different frequency bands, and in addition, to be compatible with the previous generations. This paper reviews the recent design technique...
This paper discusses some of the design choices underlying the development of watt-level integrated Doherty power amplifiers in the K and Ka band, focusing on compound semiconductor technologies. The key aspect of on-chip power combination is discuss...
This paper introduces the structure and characteristics of an internal-matching high-power Doherty power amplifier based on GaN HEMT devices with 0.25 μm process platforms from the Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute. Through parameter extraction...
In view of the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of wireless communication base stations, a Doherty power amplifier with high efficiency maintained at output power back-off (OBO) can effectively solve the problem of low efficiency of the traditional...
This paper analyzes the circuit complexity using Doherty power amplifier (DPA) as a case study and proposes a simplistic model to characterize the design complexity of a DPA circuit. Various fundamental building blocks of the DPA circuit are discusse...
Modern mobile communication signals require power amplifiers able to maintain very high efficiency in a wide range of output power levels, which is a major issue for classical power amplifier architectures. Following the load-modulation approach, eff...
This paper presents the design, implementation, and characterization of a broadband power amplifier (PA) with a reconfigurable architecture, capable of efficient operation across a wide frequency range of 0.2–3.6 GHz. Leveraging Gallium Nitride...
This paper extends the quasi-load insensitive (QLI) Class-E Doherty power amplifier (PA) design methodology to address Doherty PA combiners with complex load impedance trajectories. Additionally, the QLI operation is analyzed for generalized class-E...
In this article, we present a triple-band Doherty power amplifier (DPA) with a Schiffman phase shifter, which achieved a 90-degree phase shift to facilitate broad frequency range operations. As the cornerstone of the triple-band DPA, the Schiffman ph...
Digitally controlled Dual-Input Doherty Power Amplifiers (DIDPAs) are becoming increasingly popular due to the flexible input signal splitting between the main and auxiliary stages. Nevertheless, the presence of many degrees of freedom, e.g., input a...
This paper presents a new method to design a Doherty power amplifier (DPA) with a large, high-efficiency range for 5G communication. This is through analyzing the drain-to-source capacitance (CDS) of DPAs, and adopting appropriate impedance of the pe...
A comparison between a fully integrated Doherty power amplifier (DPA) and outphasing power amplifier (OPA) for fifth Generation (5G) wireless communications is presented in this paper. Both amplifiers are integrated using pHEMT transistors from the O...
This paper presents the design and implementation of a 28 GHz phased array transceiver for 5G applications using 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS technology. The transceiver consists of a four-channel phased array receiver and transmitter, which employs phase shift...
Similar to a Doherty power amplifier (DPA), a sequential power amplifier (SPA) is mainly composed of a main amplifier, an auxiliary amplifier and a combiner. However, SPA breaks the bandwidth limitation of the impedance inverter in the DPA, and also...
With the diversification, acceleration, and arraying of wireless communication systems, power amplifiers (PAs) face stricter demands in terms of RF operation bandwidth, high-efficiency power range, and load mismatch compensation. After years of devel...
With the increase in the demand for high-speed transmission communication, satellite communication is developing rapidly. Because of the bandwidth capacity, the K/Ka band is considered the mainstream frequency band of satellite communication. The per...
The simulation of the steady state and the non-linear stability of a load modulated power amplifier (LMPA) driven by a random modulated generator, fully performed in the frequency domain by harmonic balance (HB) techniques, is presented. The non-line...
It is well known that modern wireless communications systems need linear, wide bandwidth, efficient Radio Frequency Power Amplifiers (RFPAs). However, conventional configurations of RFPAs based on Class A, Class B, and Class AB exhibit extremely low...
Piecewise modeling of power amplifiers (PAs) typically involves assembling different polynomials to capture nonlinear behavior across different operating regions. However, recombining these sub-models can introduce discontinuities at segment boundari...