1,173 Results Found

The PPARs (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors) play critical roles in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. PPARδ, a member of the PPARs family, is associated with decreased susceptibility to ectopic lipid deposition and is i...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) are important targets of lipid metabolism regulation for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) therapy. In the present study, a set of novel...

One of the most fundamental symmetries in physics is CPT invariance. This article reviews the conditions under which CPT symmetry holds by recalling two proofs of the CPT theorem: The original Lagrangian-based analysis and the more rigorous one in th...

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step of fatty acid oxidation, has been implicated in therapeutic approaches to several human diseases characterized by aberrant lipid metabolism. The isoform-specific quantifi...

Along with abnormalities in glucose metabolism, disturbances in the balance of lipid catabolism and synthesis have emerged as a new area of cancer metabolism that needs to be studied in depth. Disturbances in lipid metabolic homeostasis, represented...

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) catalyzes the transfer of long- and medium-chain fatty acids from cytoplasm into mitochondria, where oxidation of fatty acids takes place. Deficiency of CPT enzyme is associated with rare diseases of fatty acid me...

Carnitine Palmitoyl transferase 2 (CPT II) is involved in long-chain fatty-acid mitochondrial transport. Three clinical phenotypes of CPT II deficiency have been described: Lethal neonatal onset, infantile severe form, and the late onset more common...

The neutral kaon system is a very peculiar system that offers unique possibilities to perform precise tests of the CPT symmetry. The entanglement of neutral kaon pairs that are produced at a ϕ-factory opens up new ways and scenarios in order to test...

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b (Cpt1b) is a crucial rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid metabolism, but its role and mechanism in early cardiac development remains unclear. Here, we show that cpt1b regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation during zebra...

Clinical decision-making may be enhanced when combining psychophysiological sensors with computerized neuropsychological tests. The current study explored the utility of integrating an eye tracker with a commercially available continuous performance...

While irinotecan (CPT-11) has a potent anti-cancer effect, it also causes serious diarrhea as an adverse reaction. In this study, we analyzed the pathogenic mechanism of CPT-11-induced delayed diarrhea by focusing on water channel aquaporin-3 (AQP3)...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men, and the global burden of the disease is rising. The majority of PCa deaths are due to metastasis that are highly resistant to current hormonal treatments; this state is called castration-resista...

A review of the landscape of CPT symmetry tests is presented, centered around the Standard-Model Extension and focusing on tests in the neutral meson system. A discussion of the relevant theories summarizes original ideas. It is followed by a short t...

Intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition is one of the most important factors affecting meat quality and is closely associated with the expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A) which facilitates the transfer of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs...

The cone penetrometer test (CPT) has been widely used in geotechnical investigations. However, how to use the limited CPT data to reasonably predict the soil parameters of the unsampled regions remains a challenge. In the present study, we adopted th...

An overview of recent progress on testing Lorentz and CPT symmetry using Penning traps is presented. The theory of quantum electrodynamics with Lorentz-violating operators of mass dimensions up to six is summarized. Dominant shifts in the cyclotron a...

MiRNAs are vital regulators and play a major role in cell differentiation, biological development, and disease occurrence. In recent years, many studies have found that miRNAs are involved in the proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes. The o...

Neutrinos are a powerful tool for searching physics beyond the standard model of elementary particles. In this review, we present the status of the research on charge-parity-time (CPT) symmetry and Lorentz invariance violations using neutrinos emitte...

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. While the main systemic treatment option is anthracycline-containing chemotherapy, chemoresistance continues to be an obstacle to patient survival. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1C...

The problem of baryon asymmetry unifies cosmology and particle physics at the hearth of theoretical physics. In this work, we consider the point of view of archaic cosmology based on the de Sitter hypersphere as topology of quantum vacuum. We show CP...

Neutrino experiments can be considered sensitive tools to test Lorentz and CPT invariance. Taking advantage of the great variety of neutrino experiments, including neutrino oscillations, weak decays, and astrophysical neutrinos, the generic experimen...

The initial design phase for offshore wind farms does not require complete geotechnical mapping and individual cone penetration testing (CPT) for each expected turbine location. Instead, background information from open source studies and previous hi...

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein of the carnitine shuttle and is involved in the beta-oxidation of long chain fatty acids. Beta-oxidation provides an alternative pathway of energy production during ea...

Phagocytosis is an inherent function of tissue macrophages for the removal of apoptotic cells and cellular debris during acute and chronic injury; however, the dynamics of this event during fibrosis development is unknown. We aim to prove that during...

This paper investigates the applicability of Cone Penetration Test (CPT)-based axial capacity approaches, used for estimating pile static capacity, to the prediction of pile driveability. An investigation of the influence of various operational param...

Liquefaction is a hazardous seismic-based phenomenon, which causes an abrupt decrease in soil strength properties and can result in the massive destruction of the built environment. This research presents a novel approach to reduce the risk of soil l...

Early-onset carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency (CPT II deficiency) (OMIM 600650) can result in severe outcomes, which are often fatal in the neonatal to infantile period. CPT II deficiency is a primary target in the Maritime Newborn Screeni...

The theoretical prospects for quantum electrodynamics with Lorentz-violating operators of mass dimensions up to six are revisited in this work. The dominant effects due to Lorentz and CPT violation are studied in measurements of magnetic moments of p...

The Dirac equation with chiral symmetry is derived using the irreducible representations of the Poincaré group, the Lagrangian formalism, and a novel method of projection operators that takes as its starting point the minimal assumption of four linea...

This study employs a 3D discrete element method (DEM) to simulate cone penetration tests (CPTs) in granular soils, taking into account the effect of temperature. A coupled thermal mechanical model is developed to allow for heat transfer and storage i...

Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TKS) is a natural rubber (NR)-producing plant with great development prospects. Accurately understanding the molecular mechanism of natural rubber biosynthesis is of great significance. Cis-prenyltransferase (CPT) and cis-prenyl...

The poll gland, a specialized tissue of male Bactrian camels, undergoes seasonal enlargement and marked metabolic activation during the rutting season. However, the metabolic mechanisms of the poll gland and its role in rutting activities and inducin...

The latest progress in the field of renal fibrosis mainly focuses on the new concept of “partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT)” to explain the contribution of renal tubular epithelial (RTE) cells to renal fibrosis and the cruci...

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a lethal gynecological cancer, of which paclitaxel resistance is the major factor limiting treatment outcomes, and identification of paclitaxel resistance-related genes is arduous. We obtained transcriptomic data fr...

The oral microbiome is crucial for human health. Although oral dysbiosis may contribute to oral cancer (OC), the detailed relationships between the microbiome and OC remain unclear. In this case-control study, we aimed to elucidate the connection bet...

Cancers reprogram their metabolism to adapt to environmental changes. In this study, we examined the consequences of altered expression of the mitochondrial enzyme carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPT1A) in prostate cancer (PCa) cell models. Using...

Permafrost, as a soil type under unique environmental conditions, has bearing characteristics that are highly susceptible to thermo-hydraulic environments. Rapid evaluation of the bearing characteristics of in situ permafrost at various depths in per...

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is involved in lipid metabolism; however, the role of LRRK2 in lipid metabolism to affect non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still unclear. In the mouse model of NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet, we obse...

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), one of the most serious long-term consequences of diabetes, is closely associated with myocardial fatty acid metabolism. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1β (CPT-1β) is the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for &...

Previous fibroblast and recombinant enzyme studies showed a markedly thermolabile p.Ser113Leu variant compared to the wild-type (WT) in muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II) deficiency. Additionally, it has been shown that cardiolipin (CL...

Loess soils were created by the wind transporting particles with later or in parallel occurred protogenetic, syngenetic and epigenetic processes. As a result, various genetic processes affected loesses strength and deformability characteristics. The...

It was shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the synthesis of milk fat; thus, this manuscript evaluated whether exogenous miRNA (xeno-miRNAs) from alfalfa could influence the milk fat content in dairy cows. At first, mtr-miR168b was...

AliCPT-1 is the first cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment in China dedicated to achieving accurate measurements of B-mode polarization. Situated in Ali of Tibet, China, this telescope is currently undergoing deployment and will operate in tw...

An 18-month-old male was evaluated after presenting with disproportionately elevated liver transaminases in the setting of acute gastroenteritis. He had marked hepatomegaly on physical exam that was later confirmed with an abdominal ultrasound. Given...

Lorentz invariance is such a basic principle in fundamental physics that it must be constantly tested and any proposal of its violation and breakdown of CPT symmetry that might characterize some approaches to quantum gravity should be treated with ca...

Mid-to-late gestation is a unique period in which women experience dynamic changes in lipid metabolism. Although the recent intensive epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) using peripheral leukocytes have revealed that lipid-related traits alter...

This work investigates the influence of directional properties of decoherence on kinetics rate equations. The physical reality is understood as a chain of unitary and decoherence events. The former are quantum-deterministic, while the latter introduc...

We review scenarios of baryogenesis through leptogenesis at early epochs of the universe, in string-inspired minimal extensions of the Standard Model (SM), involving heavy right-handed Majorana neutrinos. Spontaneous violation of CPT symmetry is indu...

As a partial histamine H1 receptor agonist and H3 antagonist, betahistine has been reported to partially prevent olanzapine-induced dyslipidemia and obesity through a combination therapy, although the underlying epigenetic mechanisms are still not kn...

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly effective chemotherapy drug, but its use is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, driving the search for protective natural products. Although the herb Viscum coloratum (Kom.) Nakai is known for its cardi...