1,421 Results Found

Given the increasing crop yield losses, water scarcity, and fertilizer application in Northeast China, a systematic assessment is increasingly necessary to investigate the potential of crop redistribution to enhance grain production while alleviating...

Small rural water utilities in the Appalachia region of the US often experience extreme water loss while struggling to maintain water quality compliance. This study quantifies the impact of reducing water loss on distribution system water quality in...

In the management of drinking water networks, operational costs generally play second fiddle to capital investment costs, because their optimization strategies are often distinct. However, under the pressure of an aged network infrastructure with lim...

In this study, an optimization algorithm called chaotic turbulent flow of water-based optimization (CTFWO) algorithm is proposed to find the optimal solution for the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem. The ORPD is formulated as a complica...

This study provides a scientific assessment of water scarcity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) city region and investigates its restrictive effects on urban economic development by quantifying economic loss caused by water scarcity based on an inpu...

Water loss according to water leakages in water distribution systems (WDSs) is a challenging problem worldwide. An inappropriate operation of the WDS leads to unnecessarily high pressure distribution in the WDS and thus a large amount of water leakag...

The factors of brine time, concentration, and temperature, affect the high-quality production of brined cabbage used in Kimchi. Although changes in Kimchi cabbage quality depending on brine time and concentration have been reported, changes in brine...

The use of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors are gaining much prominence in water pumping systems (WPS), especially for agricultural purposes. In most cases, the BLDC based WPS is powered using electricity from the grid, which is vulnerable to d...

In the present study, we have developed an optimal heat supply algorithm which minimizes the heat loss through the distribution pipe line in a group energy apartment. Heating load variation of a group energy apartment building according to the outdoo...

Drip irrigation systems are becoming more and more mature and are now widely used to improve crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency in Xinjiang, NW China. However, it is not known if leaching is occurring or not and whether leaching will harm the wat...

Integrated energy–water systems have been explored using different process integration techniques considering the energy–water–carbon nexus to minimize the carbon footprint, e.g., pinch analysis techniques (power cascade table, wate...

Evaporation is one of the main components of the water cycle in nature. Our interest in free water surface evaporation is due to the needs of ongoing hydric recultivation of the former Ležáky–Most quarry, i.e., Lake Most, and also other...

Distributed generation (DG) plays a vital role in electrical power networks. However, power loss reduction, voltage profile improvement, friendly environment, and reliability are all benefits of DG units. In this research work, a worthwhile methodolo...

Water network partitioning (WNP) represents an efficient strategy to improve management of water distribution networks, reduce water losses and monitor water quality. It consists in physically dividing of a water distribution network (WDN) into distr...

Despite growing interest in fresh local produce across the United States, scaling up local agricultural development might impose new environmental pressures on increasingly scarce water and land resources in specific localities. Drawing upon the case...

Straw mulching is a key method for controlling soil and water losses. Mulching costs may be reduced by applying it in strips rather than over entire areas. However, the effect of different straw mulching methods on the effectiveness of reducing soil...

In cross-border water supplement cooperation, the supplement water discharged from upstream hydropower stations is the key to improving downstream benefits, but will lead to upstream power generation loss, so the upstream hydropower stations have to...

This study aims to identify areas of opportunity for improvement across selected U.S. water utilities through evaluating system operational performance and productivity and the relationship to water losses. Throughout the water utility industry, ther...

Equitable distribution of water is a growing source of worry, and concerns water systems’ managers as water-stressed areas steadily increase and situations of water scarcity are becoming more frequent. The problem goes beyond just the water sec...

The water and sewage sector is responsible for approximately 3.5% of energy consumption in the European Union (EU). Leaks causing water losses in water distribution systems (WDSs) are responsible for approximately 24% of water consumption in the EU,...

Water distribution networks suffer from high levels of water losses due to leaks and breaks, mainly due to high operating pressure. One of the most well-known methods to reduce water losses is pressure management. However, when the operating pressure...

In the oil dispersion of chitosan, the formation of a capillary bridge was triggered by adding a small amount of water to obtain an oleogel. With this method, the types of liquid oil and the ratio of oil/chitosan/water were explored to achieve an opt...

This study aimed to optimize the osmotic dehydration process of strawberry slices by examining the effects of glycerol concentration, immersion time, and temperature on water loss and solid gain. Additionally, the study explored the use of chokeberry...

The paper focuses on water losses in the turbine condenser cooling system of the 905 MW power unit in Opole Power Plant (Opole Poland). The evaporative and drift losses are determined for various operating and atmospheric conditions. The drift loss i...

Reasonable planning of water delivery schedules for canal systems can reduce losses caused by water seepage and improve the utilization efficiency of irrigation water. Empirical methods of water delivery scheduling for canal systems usually cause pro...

Optimized water distribution models for canals are used to ensure that crop water demands are met through the efficient allocation of flow rates and times. A well-designed water distribution model can shorten irrigation durations, reduce canal water...

To minimize the temperature of the propulsion motor and reduce flow loss in the water-cooling structure during the operation of an underwater unmanned vehicle, this paper employs a multi-objective genetic algorithm to optimize the dimensions of the i...

The operation of a water supply system (WSS) is inextricably linked with the possibility of different types of failure. It is very common for these failures to be random in nature. The results of reliability studies carried out in many water supply s...

Ecological flow regime analysis through developing a novel ecohydraulic optimization method is the objective of this study in which three components are linked. Hydrological analysis is the first component in which average monthly flow is assessed in...

Taking net power output as the optimization objective, the exergy loss distribution of the subcritical Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system by using R245fa as the working fluid was calculated under the optimal conditions. The influences of heat source...

Water delivery management in China’s irrigation districts has traditionally prioritized the main canal system, often overlooking the water-saving potential of the final canals and field irrigation, which offer substantial opportunities to enhan...

The Egyptian irrigation system depends mainly on canals that take water from the River Nile; nevertheless, the arid climate that dominates most of the country influences the high rate of water losses, mainly through evaporation. Thus, the main object...

Acute shortage of water resources and high unproductive water losses are the key problems of irrigated agriculture in arid regions. One of the possible solutions is to optimize soil water retention using natural and synthetic polymer water absorbers....

Reservoirs are susceptible to interference from inter-basin water transfer projects intended to relieve serious water shortages. The Central Route of the South-to-North Water Division Project in China has altered the hydrological conditions and water...

Reducing water loss from water supply systems is often regarded as one of the most important ways to improve the resource efficiency of water supply services. However, the costs and impacts of water loss reduction efforts need to be weighed against t...

Citrus rot seriously reduces the quality of citrus, causes economic losses, and is an urgent problem for the citrus industry. Effective preservation and pretreatment methods have an important impact on the maintenance of mandarin orange quality. In t...

Nitrate leaching, greenhouse gas emissions, and water loss are caused by conventional water and fertilizer management in vegetable fields. The Expert-N system is a useful tool for recommending the optimal nitrogen (N) fertilizer for vegetable cultiva...

Here, we describe and assess a method for reusing specific food waste to make hydrogels, which can be employed to improve the efficacy of agrochemicals and water. It represents an approach for tackling current challenges, such as food waste, water ma...

Optimizing overhead irrigation practices will ensure that water loss is minimized, and each unit of water is used most effectively by the crop. In order to optimize overhead irrigation setup, a study was conducted over two years in Mississippi to qua...

Liming surface water is a fairly popular method of increasing the pH values and decreasing the concentration of phosphates and heavy metals. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommendations, the increase of water pH should not e...

Irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer application are two important factors affecting yield and nitrogen loss in rice fields; however, the interaction effects of different irrigation schedules and combined management of nitrogen fertilizer application o...

Proper water resources management involves the analysis and resolution of various optimization problems according to climate change effects on the availability and distribution of the resources themselves. Specifically, these conditions require the i...

Photovoltaic panel efficiency can be heavily affected by soiling, due to dust and other airborne particles, which can determine up to 50% of energy production loss. Generally, it is possible to reduce that impact by means of periodic cleaning, and on...

One of the main factors contributing to water scarcity is water loss in water distribution systems, which mainly arises from a lack of adequate knowledge in the design process, optimization of water availability, and poor maintenance/management of th...

Many studies have examined individual water-saving management practices for corn (Zea mays L.), but few studies have looked at how combinations of practices might further enhance water optimization. The research objectives of this paper were to evalu...

Optimizing urban water distribution systems is essential for reducing economic losses, minimizing water wastage, and addressing resource access gaps, particularly in drought-prone regions impacted by climate change. We apply advanced artificial intel...

In the EU countries, almost 50% of the produced energy is used in residential buildings. More than 25% of this energy is used to produce domestic hot water, of which almost 80% is used to heat water in domestic hot water circulation systems. This is...

This article presents a methodology for optimizing the operation of parallel pumping stations in an open-channel water transfer system. A mathematical model was established for the minimum power with constraints on water level, flow rate and pump uni...

Ensuring stable and continuous water supplies in isolated but populated areas, such as islands, where the water supply is highly dependent on external factors, is crucial. Sudden loss of function in the water supply system can have enormous social co...

This work focuses on optimizing energy dispatch in a hydroelectric power plant (HPP) with a large number of generating units (GUs) and uncertainties caused by sediment accumulation in the water intakes. The study was realized at Jirau HPP, and integr...