339 Results Found

Background: There are definite reasons to implement molecular diagnostics based on the measurement of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in liquid biopsy into clinical practice. It is a quick, repeatable, and health-safe test for cancer biomarkers in the...

Human cytomegalovirus is a herpesvirus that has a worldwide seroprevalence of more than 60% of adults in developed countries and 90% in developing countries. Severe disabilities in newborns are characteristic of the human cytomegalovirus congenital i...

The 2019 novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, first reported in December 2019, has infected over 102 million people around the world as of February 2021 and thus calls for rapid development of safe and effective interventions, namely vaccines. In our study...

Accurate measurement of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA is important for the management of patients with chronic HBV infection. Here, the performance of the Xpert^® HBV Viral Load test (Xpert HBV Viral Load) versus the Roche COBAS^® Ampliprep/COBAS^® Ta...

(1) Background: HBV-DNA is an essential clinical indicator of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic implication of a low load of HBV-DNA in HCC patients who underwent local treatment. Addition...

A solid body of scientific evidence supports the assumption that Torque teno virus (TTV) DNA load in the blood compartment may behave as a biomarker of immunosuppression in solid organ transplant recipients; in this clinical setting, high or increasi...

The extent to which perinatally HIV-infected children, following cART initiation, develop a low proviral reservoir burden over time, as measured by HIV DNA droplet-digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) and the effect on HIV antibody is not well c...

Background. Previous studies reported human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in middle ear tumors, whereas these viruses have been poorly investigated in chronic inflammatory middle ear diseases. We investigated HPVs in non-tumor middle ear diseases, includin...

Background/Objectives: The surveillance of viral strain evolution is needed during prophylactic HPV vaccination programs against cervical cancer and necessitates safely archiving and storing cervical samples while maintaining the long-term stability...

Low levels of parvovirus B19 (B19V) DNA can be detected in the circulation and in different tissue of immunocompetent individuals for months or years, which has been linked to inflammatory diseases such as cardiomyopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, hepati...

DNA assays for viral load (VL) monitoring are key tools in the management of immunocompromised patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. In this study, the analytical and clinical performances of the NeuMoDx&tra...

Infection with high-risk (HR) Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the development of precancerous lesions or invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Thus, the high viral load (VL) of HR-HPV DNA currently serves as a representative quantit...

Introduction: Immunocompromised patients are prone to reactivations and (re-)infections of multiple DNA viruses. Viral load monitoring by single-target quantitative PCRs (qPCR) is the current cornerstone for virus quantification. In this study, a met...

Increasing evidence suggests that human viruses can hijack extracellular vesicles (EVs) to deliver proteins, mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and whole viral particles during viral persistence in the host. Human polyomavirus (PyV) miRNAs, which downregulate...

Gene therapy is a therapeutic strategy of delivering foreign genetic material (encoding for an important protein) into a patient’s target cell to replace a defective gene. Nucleic acids are embedded within the adeno-associated virus (AAVs) vect...

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes enzootic bovine leukosis, a malignant form of B-cell lymphoma, and is closely related to human T-cell leukemia viruses. We investigated whether BLV infection affects host genes associated with DNA mismatch repair (M...

Background: Implementation of anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) treatment modifications requires reliable patient risk stratification. The circulating tumor–related human papillomavirus type 16 (ctHPV16) may play a role in predicting survival...

Background: Nasopharyngeal cancer is commonly associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection, especially undifferentiated non-keratinized histology. EBV DNA quantification through nasopharyngeal brushing was previously reported to be not related...

Viral infections, or their reactivations, are one of the most important groups of transplantation complications that can occur among recipients of both hematopoietic cells and solid organ transplants. They are the most commonly caused by cytomegalovi...

Background. Torquetenovirus (TTV) is a small DNA virus constituting the human virome. High levels of TTV-DNA have been shown to be associated with immunosuppression and inflammatory chronic disorders. Aim. To assess the possible association between t...

Background: We aimed to investigate the change of hepatitis B virus (HBV) viral loads and HBV reactivation (HBVr) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients after tapering the dose of biological/targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/...

Torque Teno virus (TTV) is a ubiquitous virus that causes chronic infection in humans with unknown clinical consequences. Here, we investigated the influence of TTV infection on HCV direct-acting antiviral (DAA) efficacy in HIV/HCV coinfected and HCV...

Laryngeal papilloma (LP) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV)-6 or -11 infection shows aggressive growth. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of virus-driven tumorigenesis has not been uncovered fully. HPV-6 viral gene expression and dyna...

Background and Objectives: Viral infections are frequently cited as a major environmental factor implicated in thyroid gland diseases. This work aimed to estimate the presence of B19V infection in patients with thyroid gland disorders. Materials and ...

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may influence extrahepatic systems, including endocrine and lipid regulation. In this cross-sectional study, 186 adults were stratified by HBV DNA status and viral load to examine thyroid function, systemic i...

Identifying the causative pathogen in central nervous system (CNS) infections is crucial for patient management and prognosis. Many viruses can cause CNS infections, yet screening for each individually is costly and time-consuming. Most metagenomic a...

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a known oncogenic virus associated with various lymphoma subtypes throughout the world. However, there is a lack of information regarding EBV prevalence in lymphoma patients, specifically in Ethiopia. This study aimed...

Background: Human herpesviruses (HHV)-6A, HHV-6B and HHV-7 are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, a common neurological disorder. The objective of this study was to determine the association of roseoloviruses infection with ep...

Despite its effectiveness in controlling plasma viremia, antiretroviral therapy (ART) cannot target proviral DNA, which remains an obstacle to HIV-1 eradication. When treatment is interrupted, the reservoirs can act as a source of viral rebound, high...

BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is a human DNA virus generally divided into twelve subgroups based on the genetic diversity of Viral Protein 1 (VP1). BKPyV can cause polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PVAN) after kidney transplantation. Detection of BKPyV...

Recent evidence shows increased preterm birth risk with human papillomavirus-16 (HPV16) infection during pregnancy. This study aimed to measure the association between HPV16 viral load during pregnancy and preterm birth. We used data from participant...

HHV-6 and HHV-7 can reactivate in the salivary gland in response to various host stresses. Lactococcus lactis strain Plasma (LC-Plasma) can activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and decrease viral infection. We investigated whether LC-Plasma i...

Viral infections are considered to be risk factors for spontaneous abortion (SA). Conflicting results have been reported on the association between Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and SA. HPV DNA was investigated in matched chorionic villi tissues and per...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer, a significant health concern worldwide. Despite advances in screening methods, including the Pap test and the HPV DNA test, limitations remain in accurately predicting which HPV infectio...

For DNA viruses, the immediate-early (IE) proteins are generally essential regulators that manipulate the host machinery to support viral replication. Recently, IE1, an IE protein encoded by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), has been demonstrated to...

The prevalence of mutated species of COVID-19 antigens has provided a strong impetus for identifying a cost-effective, rapid and facile strategy for identifying the viral loads in public places. The ever-changing genetic make-up of SARS-CoV-2 posts a...

Background: Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are exposed to a high risk of BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) replication, which in turn may lead to graft loss. Although the microRNAs (miRNAs) bkv-miR-B1-3p and bkv-miR-B1-5p are produced during the viral cyc...

Felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 (FcaGHV1) infects domestic cats worldwide, yet it has not been successfully propagated in cell culture, and little is known about how it is shed and transmitted. To investigate the salivary shedding of FcaGHV1, we quant...

Clonal expansion of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infected cells in vivo is well documented. Unlike human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HTLV-1 plasma RNA is sparse. The contribution of the “mitotic” spread of HTLV-1 compared wit...

Viral infections on cucurbit plants cause substantial quality and yield losses on their crops. The diseased plants can often be infected by multiple viruses, and their epidemiology may depend, in addition to the agro-ecological management practices,...

Research investigating the gut microbiome (GM) during a viral infection may necessitate inactivation of the fecal viral load. Here, we assess how common viral inactivation techniques affect 16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome. Five common v...

Nanopore sequencing is becoming increasingly commonplace in clinical settings, particularly for diagnostic assessments and outbreak investigations, due to its portability, low cost, and ability to operate in near real-time. Although high sequencing e...

Viral biomarkers are important tools for monitoring chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) hepatitis B early antigen (HBeAg) negative infection, both in its natural course as well as during and after treatment. The biomarkers consist of antibodies against v...

Torquetenovirus (TTV) is a ubiquitous, non-pathogenic DNA virus that has been suggested as a biomarker of immune competence, with the viral load correlating with the level of immunosuppression. However, by detecting non-intact viral particles, standa...

The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) carcinogenesis has been clearly established, involving the expression of viral oncoproteins and optional viral DNA integration into the host genome. In this article, we des...

High viral load and positive hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) results are risk factors for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). In sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the distribution of these risk factors, as well as ea...

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a well-known risk factor for the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL), and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). People with HIV infection (PWH) are at increased risk for EBV-associate...

Viral polymerase is an essential enzyme for the amplification of the viral genome and is one of the major targets of antiviral therapies. However, a serious concern to be solved in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the difficulty of eliminating co...

Raltegravir (RLT) prevents the integration of HIV DNA in the nucleus, but published studies remain controversial, suggesting that it does not decrease proviral DNA. However, there are only a few studies focused on virus-targeted cells. We aimed our s...

Background/Objectives: Simplexvirus humanalpha1 (HSV-1) can cause herpetic keratitis, which is the most common cause of infectious blindness in developed countries. Some patients can develop toxicity or resistance to available treatments and may requ...