104 Results Found

Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) represent an accepted technology for ultrasonic transducers, while high bias voltage requirements and limited output pressure still need to be addressed. In this paper, we present a design for u...

Tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMSs) are essential for maintaining driving safety by continuously monitoring critical tire parameters, such as pressure and temperature, in real time during vehicle operation. Among these parameters, tire pressure...

This paper presents a capacitively coupled chopper instrumentation amplifier (CCIA) with ultra-low power consumption and programmable bandwidth for biomedical applications. To achieve a flexible bandwidth from 0.2 to 10 kHz without additional power c...

The theoretical basis of a hypothetical spherical electrode detector was investigated in our previous work. It was found that the proposed detector has very good electrical characteristics, such as greatly reduced full depletion voltage, small capaci...

In this paper, a new strategy for the design of ultra-low-power CMOS operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), using the gm/ID approach, is proposed for the Internet-of-things (IoT) scenario. The strategy optimizes the speed/dissipation of the...

The design of advanced miniaturized ultra-low power interfaces for sensors is extremely important for energy-constrained monitoring applications, such as wearable, ingestible and implantable devices used in the health and medical field. Capacitive se...

For radio frequency energy transmission, the conversion efficiency of the receiver is decisive not only for reducing sending power, but also for enabling energy transmission over long and variable distances. In this contribution, we present a passive...

Miniaturization and portable devices have reshaped the electronic device landscape, emphasizing the importance of high performance while maintaining energy efficiency to ensure long battery life. FinFET and Tunnel-FET technologies have emerged as att...

Accurate and reliable measurement of the electrical impedance spectrum is an essential requirement in order to draw relevant conclusions in many fields and a variety of applications; in particular, for biological processes. Even in the state-of-the-a...

We present here the design and fabrication of a self-powered and autonomous fringing field capacitive sensor to measure soil water content. The sensor is manufactured using a conventional printed circuit board and includes a porous ceramic. To read t...

This paper presents the design of a non-intrusive system to measure ultra-low water content in crude oil. The system is based on a capacitance to phase angle conversion method. Water content is measured with a capacitance sensor comprising two semi-...

This paper presents an ultra-low-power, inverter-based, universal Gm-C filter capable of operating in multiple modes: voltage, current, transconductance, and trans-resistance. The proposed filter features orthogonal tunability of the center frequency...

A smart sensor label based on the integration of ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and sensors is presented. The label is composed of a semi-active system that measures temperature, light, relative humidity a...

In this study, a high-sensitivity and low-hysteresis porous metal–insulator–metal-type capacitive humidity sensor is investigated using a functional polymer mixed with TiO2 microparticles. The humidity sensor consists of an optimally designed porous...

A planar ultra-wideband modular antenna array with an ultra-low profile based on a tight coupling effect is proposed. The antenna array is composed of multi-layer printed circuit boards. Since its frequency operation can extend up to the grading lobe...

To improve the on-state current and reduce the miller capacitance of the conventional junction-less tunneling field effect transistor (JLTFET), the junction-less TFET with Ge/Si0.3Ge0.7/Si heterojunction and heterogeneous gate dielectric (H-JLTFET) i...

The device structure of DLTFET is optimized by the Silvaco TCAD software to solve the problems of lower on-state current and larger miller capacitance of traditional doping-less tunneling field effect transistors (DLTFETs), and the performance can be...

This work presents a single-stage, inverter-based, pseudo-differential amplifier that can work with ultra-low supply voltages. A novel common-mode stabilization loop allows proper differential operations, without impacting over the output differentia...

This paper presents a new operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) design for batteryless biomedical front-ends. The proposed OTA operates in the subthreshold region and utilizes self-cascode devices to achieve ultra-low power, low noise, and a h...

SIMON is a block cipher developed to provide flexible security options for lightweight hardware applications such as the Internet-of-things (IoT). Safeguarding such resource-constrained hardware from side-channel attacks poses a significant challenge...

Buffer-based CMOS filters are maximally simplified circuits containing as few transistors as possible. Their applications, among others, include nano to micro watt biomedical sensors that process physiological signals of frequencies from 0.01 Hz to a...

Kanamycin (KanR) is a widely used antibiotic in human and veterinary medicine, as well as in food production and livestock breeding. However, its environmental residue and bioaccumulation in the food chain pose a great threat to human health. A real-...

High-performance dielectric materials that can be processed at ultra-low temperatures are essential for next-generation LTCC technologies and compact RF–microwave components. In this work, a multicomponent Bi–Fe–Nb oxide system was...

Quick capacity loss due to the polysulfide shuttle effects is a critical challenge for high-performance lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Herein, a novel 2D/1D V2O5 nanoplates anchored carbon nanofiber (V-CF) interlayer coated on standard...

In this paper, a novel doping-less tunneling field-effect transistor with Si0.6Ge0.4 heterojunction (H-DLTFET) is proposed using TCAD simulation. Unlike conventional doping-less tunneling field-effect transistors (DLTFETs), in H-DLTFETs, germanium an...

Copper-thiolate nanostructures, formed through the self-assembly of cysteine (Cys) and glutathione (GSH) with copper ions, offer a versatile platform for redox-active applications due to their structural stability and chemical functionality. In this...

In this paper, we propose a novel standard-cell-based OTA architecture based on an improved version of the differential to single-ended converter, previously proposed by the authors, on a novel standard-cell-based basic voltage amplifier block. Due t...

Cortisol is a pivotal hormone regulating stress responses and is linked to various health conditions, making precise and continuous monitoring essential. Despite their non-invasive nature, conventional cortisol detection methods often suffer from ina...

Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in women worldwide, and yet its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Although single-cell studies have highlighted the contribution of membrane depolarisation to the proliferation of breast cancer, dynamic s...

In order to meet the application requirements for high-precision and low-noise accelerometers in micro-vibration measurement and navigation fields, this paper presents the design and testing of an ultra-high-capacitance resolution capacitive readout...

Powering modern nanowatt sensors from omnipresent low-level kinetic energy: This study investigates the power levels produced by a varying-capacitance kinetic energy harvesting system. A model system consisting of a uniformly driven rotating capacito...

In the traditional SJ MOSFET structure, n/p pillars with the same doping concentrations in the drift region are introduced to decrease the on-resistance. However, SJ MOSFET will turn on the parasitic diodes due to fast reverse recovery, further induc...

In this paper, a fully integrated capacitive DC-DC boost converter for ultra-low-power internet of things (IoT) applications operating with RF energy harvesting is proposed. A DC-DC boost converter is needed to boost the low output voltage of the RF...

This paper presents an analog front-end for fine-dust detection systems with a 77-dB-wide dynamic range and a dual-mode ultra-low noise TIA with 142-dBΩ towards the maximum gain. The required high sensitivity of the analog signal conditioning path di...

The front-end electronics (FEE) of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is needed very low power consumption and higher readout bandwidth to match the low power requirement of its Short Strip application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) (SSA) and to ha...

Myoelectric prostheses help amputees to regain independence and a higher quality of life. These prostheses are controlled by state-of-the-art electromyography sensors, which use a conductive connection to the skin and are therefore sensitive to sweat...

The flexible and wearable capacitive sensors have captured tremendous interest due to their enormous potential for healthcare monitoring, soft robotics, and human−computer interface. However, despite recent progress, there are still pressing ch...

In a beamforming circuit for a modern broadband phased-array system, high accuracy and compactness have received sufficient attention as they are directly related to side lobe level and fabrication cost, respectively. In order to meet the low phase e...

Rational design and sustainable preparation of high-performance carbonaceous electrode materials are important to the practical application of supercapacitors. In this work, a cost-effective synthesis strategy for nitrogen and oxygen co-doped porous...

The SiO2 generated by low-temperature oxidation of ultra-thin metallic silicon (thickness = 50 nm) film was evaluated for implementation in one-glass-solution capacitive touch-screen panels (OGS-TSPs) on sapphire-based substrates. Our results show th...

A light signal transmitter based on ultraviolet radiation is realized on GaN-on-silicon platform. The light signal transmitter with ultra-small active area is fabricated by a double-etching process. The absolute value of negative junction capacitance...

Ultra-sensitive inertial sensors are one of the key components in satellite Earth’s gravity field recovery missions and space gravitational wave detection missions. Low-noise capacitive position transducers are crucial to these missions to achi...

A novel, inverter-based, fully differential, body-driven, rail-to-rail, input stage topology is proposed in this paper. The input stage exploits a replica bias control loop to set the common mode current and a common mode feed-forward strategy to set...

We propose a flexible capacitive pressure sensor that utilizes porous polydimethylsiloxane elastomer with zinc oxide nanowire as nanocomposite dielectric layer via a simple porogen-assisted process. With the incorporation of nanowires into the porous...

An ultra-low-cost RCL meter, aimed at IoT applications, was developed, and was used to measure electrical components based on standard techniques without the need of additional electronics beyond the AVR® micro-controller hardware itself and high...

Impedance measurements are crucial in a variety of applications, from the characterization of lithium batteries, microbial fuel cells, and biosensors to the study of polymers and material degradation, where strict requirements have to be met in terms...

There are emerging applications, like bridge structural health monitoring, continuous patient condition and outdoor aiding of the elderly and the disabled, where Internet of things (IoT) nodes are used with very limited accessibility and no connectio...

Since the avalanche phenomenon was first found in bulk materials, avalanche photodiodes (APDs) have been exclusively investigated. Among the many devices that have been developed, silicon APDs stand out because of their low cost, performance stabilit...

This paper presents an ultra low-power and low-voltage pulse-width modulation based ratiometric capacitive sensor interface. The interface was designed and fabricated in a standard 90 nm CMOS 1P9M technology. The measurements show an effective resolu...

Transition metal oxide aerogels are a fascinating class of compounds that have received considerable attention in the last decade owing to their unique and exceptional properties, including high porosity, large surface area, and ultralow density. In...