Scrap steel inspection is a critical entry point for connecting the smelting process to the industrial internet, with its security and privacy being of vital importance. Current advancements in scrap steel inspection involve collecting scattered data...
In this study a newly developed method called the Progressing and Backcasting models were used to evaluate the annual resource utilizations of steel scrap in Sweden and globally. The model results show that it is possible to assess the amounts of ste...
To address the limitation of 2D methods in inferring absolute scrap dimensions from images, we propose Scrap-SAM-CLIP (SSC), a vision-language model integrating the segment anything model (SAM) and contrastive language-image pre-training in Chinese (...
The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) is the dominating primary steelmaking process. It is an autothermal process where hot metal and scrap are used as charging materials. The decarbonization and transformation of integrated BOF steelmaking will be the most...
One approach to reduce CO2 emission in the steelmaking industry is to recycle scrap to the blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BF/BOF) production system. This paper performed a numerical investigation on the BF operation with scrap charging. The inve...
This review studies the availability of post-consumer steel scrap in Europe until 2050. We introduce the indicator potentially available domestic post-consumer scrap (PADPS), which measures the amount of (steel) scrap from obsolete products available...
The materials charged into a converter comprise molten iron and scrap steel. Adjusting the ratio by increasing scrap steel and decreasing molten iron is a steelmaking raw material strategy designed specifically for China’s unique circumstances,...
The melting time of scrap is a factor that affects the Electrical Energy (EE) consumption of the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) process. The EE consumption itself stands for most of the total energy consumption during the process. Three distinct represen...
Accurately assessing carbon emissions from recycling scrap steel is essential for reducing emissions in the steel industry, especially in China, the world’s largest crude steel producer. In this study, a carbon emission reduction index was intr...
The Linz–Donawitz (LD) converter is still the dominant process for converting hot metal into crude steel with the help of technically pure oxygen. Beside hot metal, scrap is the most important charging material which acts as an additional iron...
In order to reduce the elemental species produced in the recycling and melting of aluminum scrap and to improve the quality of pure aluminum and aluminum alloys, it is necessary to classify the different grades of aluminum scrap before melting. For t...
Mass transfer is a critical scrap melting step. Herein, mass transfer coefficients (k) during scrap melting were calculated using laboratory-scale experiments. Correlation analysis and the entropy weight method were used to determine the effect of va...
Transitioning from a traditional linear economy to a circular economy occurs at the micro-level system, encompassing products and companies, which should be monitored. For metals, recycled content as an input-side indicator of recycling quantifies th...
The recovery of gallium (Ga) from gallium arsenide (GaAs) scrap using a leaching-ion exchange method was investigated. The ground GaAs scrap was leached, using 2.0 N nitric acid at 30 °C for 1.0 h, and the dissolution of Ga and arsenic (As) reach...
The production of Al-alloys is mainly based on electrolytic pure Al alloyed with the necessary other elements, which are added in high purity into the melt pool during smelting processes. This fact is responsible for high costs and emissions during a...
One of the main charging materials of the Linz–Donawitz oxygen steelmaking process (LD) is scrap. Scrap acts as a coolant for the exothermic reactions inside the LD vessel and as an iron source in addition to hot metal. The optimization of the...
This work provides an overview of the aluminum (Al) recycling process, from the scrap upgrading to the melting process. Innovations and new trends regarding the Al recycling technologies are highlighted. Aluminum recycling offers advantages in terms...
This article provides a review of different methods for managing waste tyres. Around 1.5 billion scrap tyres make their way into the environmental cycle each year, so there is an extreme demand to manage and mitigate the environmental impact which oc...
Steel is an important product in many engineering sectors; however, steelmaking remains one of the largest
In the coupled pickling line and tandem cold mill (PL-TCM), the hot-rolled strip needs to be trimmed on both sides of the strip before the tandem cold rolling process to ensure stable operation of the rolling process. The equipment for trimming the s...
2 February 2023
In this article, we construct a game model that uses government regulators and scrap vehicle owners as the main parties to investigate the carbon credit exchange strategy of scrap vehicles using evolutionary game theory. The results were validated us...
In this study, a chemical dissolution treatment was used to recover rubber and carbon black (CB) from truck tire scrap, with gas oil acting as the solvent and 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO acting as the catalyst for the chemical reactions. Montmorillonite clay was...
In the field of metallurgy, there are many factors that influence the final quality of cast iron. These are mainly charge materials, chemical composition and metallurgical preparation up to the final casting process. Even small deviations from metall...
As one of the vital ways to improve the converter heat balance and increase the scrap ratio, scrap pre-heating technology has attracted much attention from researchers. The aim of this paper is to reveal the effect of the oxy-fuel lance parameters on...
Enormous amount of scrap is generated on the shopfloor during manufacturing. Energy needed to melt increasing quantities of scrap will be ever increasing, and so will be the loss of metal during melting. Hence, conversion of scrap directly into marke...
Many micro-scraps are generated when a micro-triangular pyramid array (MTPA) is machined by the fly-cutting method. Micro-scraps are generally not removed quickly enough; therefore, these residual micro-scraps participate in the cutting process again...
Scrap steel represents a sustainable and recyclable resource, instrumental in diminishing carbon footprints and facilitating the eco-friendly evolution of the steel sector. However, current scrap steel recycling faces a series of challenges, such as...
Scrap steel is known to influence the fluid flow characteristics of the melt pool in converter steelmaking. However, few studies have considered the effects of the scrap steel charging structure. In this study, a physical model of a 1:8.8 steel&ndash...
Blast furnace slag, a by-product of the iron and steel production process, contains a significant amount of untapped heat resources. Currently, China is entering a period of rapid growth in scrap production, making efficient scrap utilization a new r...
The processing of copper-bearing scrap makes it possible to reduce the costs and energy consumption of obtaining copper alloy products compared to producing them from primary raw materials. To achieve this, it is necessary to quickly and accurately d...
The optimization of supercapacitive properties in carbon materials derived from cheap and sustainable wood scraps exhibits great application potential. Herein, in support of interfacial groups, polyaniline nanospheres were in situ constructed in the...
Increasing the share of circulating scrap in produced castings is not only due to optimizing production costs, but also the need to protect the environment realized by reducing production energy intensity, generating less waste, mitigating greenhouse...
The basic input material for steel production in an arc furnace is steel scrap, which is the main material contributing iron to the melting process [...]
The aim of this case study is to implement the Lean Six Sigma methodology to reduce the scrap rate of the edge-bending process of a metal door case used in the assembly process of refrigeration appliances. This study was initiated because the assembl...
The upgrade recycling of cast-iron scrap chips towards β-FeSi2 thermoelectric materials is proposed as an eco-friendly and cost-effective production process. By using scrap waste from the machining process of cast-iron components, the material cost t...
This paper evaluates the possibility of analyzing the composition of high-quality copper scrap with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) instead of electrogravimetry combined with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (EG+FAAS) method. The evaluation...
In recent years, under the background of global low-carbon development, the production of NdFeB magnets has increased dramatically. With the end of magnet life, a large number of discarded products will be produced in the future. At the same time, 6&...
The oxygen steelmaking process in a Linz-Donawitz (LD) converter is responsible for more than 70% of annual crude steel production. Optimization of the process control and numerical simulation of the LD converter are some of the current challenges in...
The implementation of scrap recovery activities has been shown to improve the financial performance of many firms, and this kind of circular economy (CE) is particularly evident in industries with green manufacturing (GM). In this paper, we consider...
WC soft scrap, including Co used as a binder, thermally oxidized at 600 °C, was subjected to grinding with NaOH in a mechanochemical reaction, followed by water leaching to establish an effective recycling process. Na2WO4 was synthesized through a me...
Ball-milled hydroreactive powders of Mg-Al scrap with 20 wt.% additive (Wood’s alloy, KCl, and their mixture) and with no additives were manufactured. Their hydrogen yields and reaction rates in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solution at 15–35 &...
In view of the increasing demand for secondary aluminum, which is intended to partially replace the very energy- and resource-intensive primary aluminum production, effective treatment methods can maintain the high quality level of light metal castin...
Recycling is now, more than ever, an important part of any foundry process due to the high cost of energy. The basis of the work presented here is a study of the addition of foundry scrap returns to the melt in order to reduce material and energy cos...
Improving the overall energy efficiency of processes is necessary to reduce costs, lower the specific energy consumption and thereby reduce the direct or indirect emission of gases that contribute to climate change. In many metallurgical processes, a...
This paper is concerned with determination of optimal lot size for an economic production quantity model with scrap and random breakdown occurring in backorder replenishing period. In most real-life manufacturing systems, generation of defective item...
In the present study, graphite scrap powder from machining of commercial graphite blocks for electrical discharge machining (EDM) applications was recycled as a filler material for manufacturing graphite blocks, and its suitability for use as EDM ele...
Operating in unstable and competitive globalized markets, management of today’s transnational enterprises continually searches for different alternatives to maintain product quality, streamline production activities, and reduce overall operating cost...
This study investigated the migration patterns of oxygen in the deoxidation process of Ti-48Al alloy scrap using electromagnetic levitation (EML) technology. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectro...
This paper defines terms such as “recycling rate” that enable the characterization of flows of battery materials and expands the terminology to accommodate the description of complex product recycling. It also estimates the maximum percen...
This study tackles the challenge of optimizing scrap blends in steel production to achieve sustainability and environmental consciousness. Focusing on a steel-casting company as a case study, we develop a mathematical model that minimizes cost, emiss...
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