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138 Results Found

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
29 Citations
11,441 Views
3 Pages

The role of Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) have been instrumental in realizing the transition and vision “from black boxes to a white box towards facilitating 5G network architectures”. Though...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV))
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,291 Views
25 Pages

Path Mapping Approach for Network Function Virtualization Resource Allocation with Network Function Decomposition Support

  • Basheer Raddwan,
  • Khalil AL-Wagih,
  • Ibrahim A. Al-Baltah,
  • Mohamed A. Alrshah and
  • Mohammed A. Al-Maqri

16 September 2019

Recently, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN) have attracted many mobile operators. For the flexible deployment of Network Functions (NFs) in an NFV environment, NF decompositions and control/user plane separat...

  • Review
  • Open Access
43 Citations
11,005 Views
26 Pages

Machine Learning-Based Anomaly Detection in NFV: A Comprehensive Survey

  • Sehar Zehra,
  • Ummay Faseeha,
  • Hassan Jamil Syed,
  • Fahad Samad and ,
  • Ashraf Osman Ibrahim,
  • Anas W. Abulfaraj and
  • Wamda Nagmeldin
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

5 June 2023

Network function virtualization (NFV) is a rapidly growing technology that enables the virtualization of traditional network hardware components, offering benefits such as cost reduction, increased flexibility, and efficient resource utilization. Mor...

(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,718 Views
25 Pages

Network function virtualization (NFV) enables network operators to save costs and flexibility by replacing dedicated hardware with software network functions running on commodity servers. There is a high need for network acceleration to achieve perfo...

(This article belongs to the Section Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,745 Views
17 Pages

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a virtual network model, the goal of which is a cost-efficient transition of the hardware infrastructure into a flexible and reliable software platform. However, this transition comes at the cost of more secur...

(This article belongs to the Section Network Virtualization and Edge/Fog Computing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
5,315 Views
22 Pages

Efficient Placement of Service Function Chains in Cloud Computing Environments

  • Marwa A. Abdelaal,
  • Gamal A. Ebrahim and
  • Wagdy R. Anis

The widespread adoption of network function virtualization (NFV) leads to providing network services through a chain of virtual network functions (VNFs). This architecture is called service function chain (SFC), which can be hosted on top of commodit...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cloud Computing and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,258 Views
26 Pages

Using Aerial and Vehicular NFV Infrastructures to Agilely Create Vertical Services

  • Borja Nogales,
  • Miguel Silva,
  • Ivan Vidal,
  • Miguel Luís and ,
  • Francisco Valera,
  • Susana Sargento and
  • Arturo Azcorra
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

13 February 2021

5G communications have become an enabler for the creation of new and more complex networking scenarios, bringing together different vertical ecosystems. Such behavior has been fostered by the network function virtualization (NFV) concept, where the o...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,415 Views
26 Pages

18 June 2025

In network function virtualization (NFV) environments, dynamic network traffic prediction with unique symmetric and asymmetric traffic patterns is critical for efficient resource orchestration and service chain optimization. Traditional centralized p...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Solving NP-Hard Problems)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
10,126 Views
24 Pages

Evolution towards Smart and Software-Defined Internet of Things

  • Muhammad Aneeq Abid,
  • Naokhaiz Afaqui,
  • Muazzam A. Khan,
  • Muhammad Waseem Akhtar and ,
  • Asad Waqar Malik,
  • Arslan Munir,
  • Jawad Ahmad and
  • Balawal Shabir
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

21 February 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a mesh network of interconnected objects with unique identifiers that can transmit data and communicate with one another without the need for human intervention. The IoT has brought the future closer to us. It has open...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers for AI)
  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
8,371 Views
18 Pages

5G Digital Twin: A Study of Enabling Technologies

  • Ramiro Ramirez,
  • Chien-Yi Huang and
  • Shu-Hao Liang

3 August 2022

5G networks require dynamic network monitoring and advanced security solutions. This work performs the essential steps to implement a basic 5G digital twin (DT) in a warehouse scenario. This study provides a paradigm of end-to-end connection and encr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Manufacturing Technologies: Development and Prospect)
  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
5,334 Views
20 Pages

26 May 2025

Within the dynamic landscape of fifth-generation (5G) and emerging sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks, the adoption of network slicing has revolutionized telecommunications by enabling flexible and efficient resource allocation. However, this ad...

(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
5,705 Views
16 Pages

Adaptable and Automated Small UAV Deployments via Virtualization

  • Borja Nogales,
  • Victor Sanchez-Aguero,
  • Ivan Vidal and
  • Francisco Valera

23 November 2018

In this paper, we present a practical solution to support the adaptable and automated deployment of applications of Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (SUAVs). Our solution is based on virtualization technologies, and considers SUAVs as programmable netw...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks, Systems and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
59 Citations
10,963 Views
21 Pages

In the last decade, the differences in the information communication technology (ICT) infrastructures between urban and rural areas have registered a tremendous increase. ICT infrastructures could strongly help rural communities where many operations...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Communications and Computing for Sustainable Development Goals)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,349 Views
14 Pages

Service Function Chain Migration: A Survey

  • Zhiping Zhang and
  • Changda Wang

As a core technology emerging from the convergence of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN), Service Function Chaining (SFC) enables the dynamic orchestration of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) to support divers...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,811 Views
15 Pages

Deploying an NFV-Based Experimentation Scenario for 5G Solutions in Underserved Areas

  • Victor Sanchez-Aguero,
  • Ivan Vidal,
  • Francisco Valera,
  • Borja Nogales and ,
  • Luciano Leonel Mendes,
  • Wheberth Damascena Dias and
  • Alexandre Carvalho Ferreira
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

8 March 2021

Presently, a significant part of the world population does not have Internet access. The fifth-generation cellular network technology evolution (5G) is focused on reducing latency, increasing the available bandwidth, and enhancing network performance...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimentation in 5G and beyond Networks: State of the Art and the Way Forward)
  • Editorial
  • Open Access
290 Views
3 Pages

15 September 2026

Data networks are a fundamental infrastructure of modern societies, supporting industries, transport, communication, government services, finance, etc [...]

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) for a Hyperconnected World)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,100 Views
19 Pages

Path Load Adaptive Migration for Routing and Bandwidth Allocation in Mobile-Aware Service Function Chain

  • Hefei Hu,
  • Chen Yang,
  • Lingyi Xu,
  • Tangyijia Song and
  • Bonaho Bocochi Dalia

With network function virtualization (NFV) expanding from network center to edge, the service function chain (SFC) will gradually approach users to provide lower delay and higher-quality services. User mobility seriously affects the quality of servic...

(This article belongs to the Section Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,430 Views
23 Pages

27 October 2025

Ensuring ultra-low latency and high reliability in 6G network slices remains a significant challenge, as current NFV orchestration approaches are largely reactive and not designed to anticipate performance degradation. The advent of 6G networks bring...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cybersecurity and Secure Information Systems: Challenges and Solutions in Digital Environment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
6,028 Views
12 Pages

12 December 2019

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has opened a promising and potential approach for future networks, which mostly requires the low-level configuration to implement different controls. With the high advantages of SDN by decomposing the network control...

(This article belongs to the Section Internet of Things)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,228 Views
14 Pages

28 April 2023

The abstraction of the network node functions using virtualization methods introduced an innovative architecture called Network Function Virtualization (NFV). In NFV, every virtualization software hosts a network service recognized as a Virtual Netwo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,422 Views
24 Pages

A Secure Link-Layer Connectivity Platform for Multi-Site NFV Services

  • Ivan Vidal,
  • Borja Nogales,
  • Diego Lopez,
  • Juan Rodríguez and ,
  • Francisco Valera and
  • Arturo Azcorra
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is a key technology for network automation and has been instrumental to materialize the disruptive view of 5G and beyond mobile networks. In particular, 5G embraces NFV to support the automated and agile provisi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Cloud-Based Service/Application Platforms and Ecosystems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
101 Citations
10,909 Views
23 Pages

VNF Placement Optimization at the Edge and Cloud †

  • Aris Leivadeas,
  • George Kesidis,
  • Mohamed Ibnkahla and
  • Ioannis Lambadaris

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has revolutionized the way network services are offered to end users. Individual network functions are decoupled from expensive and dedicated middleboxes and are now provided as software-based virtualized entitie...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV))
  • Article
  • Open Access
48 Citations
9,553 Views
24 Pages

Enabling Virtual AAA Management in SDN-Based IoT Networks †

  • Alejandro Molina Zarca,
  • Dan Garcia-Carrillo,
  • Jorge Bernal Bernabe,
  • Jordi Ortiz and ,
  • Rafael Marin-Perez and
  • Antonio Skarmeta
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

12 January 2019

The increase of Software Defined Networks (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) technologies is bringing many security management benefits that can be exploited at the edge of Internet of Things (IoT) networks to deal with cyber-threats. In...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 2nd Global IoT Summit: IoT Technologies and Applications for the Benefit of Society)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,768 Views
19 Pages

With the fast growth of the Industrial Internet of Everything (IIoE), computing and telecommunication industries all over the world are moving rapidly towards the IPv6 address architecture, which supports virtualization architectures such as Network...

(This article belongs to the Section Industrial Electronics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
38 Citations
11,604 Views
21 Pages

Emerging technologies such as Software-Defined Networks (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) promise to address cost reduction and flexibility in network operation while enabling innovative network service delivery models. However, operati...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecosystemic Evolution Feeded by Smart Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,240 Views
19 Pages

Framework for Efficient Auto-Scaling of Virtual Network Functions in a Cloud Environment

  • Saima Zafar,
  • Usman Ayub,
  • Hend I. Alkhammash and
  • Nasim Ullah

7 October 2022

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) offers an alternate method to design, deploy and manage network services. The NFV decouples network functions from the dedicated hardware and moves them to the virtual servers so that they can run in the software...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,209 Views
27 Pages

The need for adaptivity and scalability in telecommunication systems has led to the introduction of a software-based approach to networking, in which network functions are virtualized and implemented in software modules, based on network function vir...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks and Internet of Things)
  • Editorial
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,899 Views
3 Pages

17 February 2023

The emergence of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has revolutionized the Internet. Using SDN, network devices can be controlled from a centralized, programmable control plane that is decoupled from their dat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cognitive Software Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization and Applications)
  • Review
  • Open Access
77 Citations
16,136 Views
39 Pages

15 February 2022

Network slicing has become a fundamental property for next-generation networks, especially because an inherent part of 5G standardisation is the ability for service providers to migrate some or all of their network services to a virtual network infra...

(This article belongs to the Section Network Virtualization and Edge/Fog Computing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,226 Views
33 Pages

A Tiered Control Plane Model for Service Function Chaining Isolation

  • Håkon Gunleifsen,
  • Vasileios Gkioulos and
  • Thomas Kemmerich

This article presents an architecture for encryption automation in interconnected Network Function Virtualization (NFV) domains. Current NFV implementations are designed for deployment within trusted domains, where overlay networks with static truste...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV))
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,159 Views
19 Pages

Optimization of 5G/6G Telecommunication Infrastructure through an NFV-Based Element Management System

  • Arunkumar Arulappan,
  • Gunasekaran Raja,
  • Kalpdrum Passi and
  • Aniket Mahanti

10 May 2022

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is an enabling technology that brings together automated network service management and corresponding virtualized network functions that use an NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) framework. The Virtual Network Function Ma...

(This article belongs to the Section A: Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,940 Views
26 Pages

Transport-Layer Limitations for NFV Orchestration in Resource-Constrained Aerial Networks

  • Luis F. Gonzalez,
  • Ivan Vidal,
  • Francisco Valera,
  • Borja Nogales and ,
  • Victor Sanchez-Aguero and
  • Diego R. Lopez
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

28 November 2019

In this paper, we identify the main challenges and problems related with the management and orchestration of Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) over aerial networks built with Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (SUAVs). Our analysis starts from a refer...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue UAV-Based Applications in the Internet of Things (IoT))
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,009 Views
24 Pages

13 October 2022

Since ETSI introduced the architectural framework of network function virtualization (NFV), telecom operators have paid more attention to the synergy of NFV and cloud computing. With the integration of the NFV cloud platform, telecom operators decoup...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art High-Performance Computing and Networking)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,467 Views
21 Pages

22 August 2022

With the development of network function virtualization (NFV), the resource management of service function chains (SFC) in the virtualized environment has gradually become a research hotspot. Usually, users hope that they can get the network services...

(This article belongs to the Section Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
44 Citations
6,191 Views
26 Pages

Semantic-Aware Security Orchestration in SDN/NFV-Enabled IoT Systems

  • Alejandro Molina Zarca,
  • Miloud Bagaa,
  • Jorge Bernal Bernabe,
  • Tarik Taleb and
  • Antonio F. Skarmeta

27 June 2020

IoT systems can be leveraged by Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN) technologies, thereby strengthening their overall flexibility, security and resilience. In this sense, adaptive and policy-based security fram...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensor Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
14,763 Views
20 Pages

Deploying CPU-Intensive Applications on MEC in NFV Systems: The Immersive Video Use Case

  • Giorgio Cattaneo,
  • Fabio Giust,
  • Claudio Meani,
  • Daniele Munaretto and
  • Pietro Paglierani

26 October 2018

Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) will be a technology pillar of forthcoming 5G networks. Nonetheless, there is a great interest in also deploying MEC solutions in current 4G infrastructures. MEC enables data processing in proximity to end users. Thu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,519 Views
16 Pages

Detection and Mitigation of Security Threats Using Virtualized Network Functions in Software-Defined Networks

  • Manuel Domínguez-Dorado,
  • Jesús Calle-Cancho,
  • Jesús Galeano-Brajones,
  • Francisco-Javier Rodríguez-Pérez and
  • David Cortés-Polo

31 December 2023

The evolution of interconnected systems and the evolving demands in service requirements have led to data centers integrating multiple heterogeneous technologies that must coexist. Consequently, the resource management and the security of the infrast...

(This article belongs to the Collection Innovation in Information Security)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,592 Views
18 Pages

Practical Implementation of a Blockchain-Enabled SDN for Large-Scale Infrastructure Networks

  • Rudolf Kovacs,
  • Sorin Buzura,
  • Bogdan Iancu,
  • Vasile Dadarlat and ,
  • Adrian Peculea and
  • Emil Cebuc
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

26 February 2024

The network function virtualization (NFV) feature lies at the core of modern networking, and it allows on-demand real-time integration of new network functions, which is a great benefit for large-scale infrastructure networks. In contrast to the func...

(This article belongs to the Section Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering)
  • Editorial
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,963 Views
44 Pages

12 January 2026

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of mobile network softwarization, emphasizing the technological foundations and its transformative impact on the energy efficiency of modern and future mobile networks. In the paper, a detailed analysis of...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy-Efficient Communication Networks and Systems: 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
4,289 Views
22 Pages

Towards a Security Reference Architecture for NFV

  • Abdulrahman Khalid Alnaim,
  • Ahmed Mahmoud Alwakeel and
  • Eduardo B. Fernandez

14 May 2022

Network function virtualization (NFV) is an emerging technology that is becoming increasingly important due to its many advantages. NFV transforms legacy hardware-based network infrastructure into software-based virtualized networks. This transformat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Systems for Wireless Communications and Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,806 Views
26 Pages

Service Function Chaining to Support Ultra-Low Latency Communication in NFV

  • Mohammad Mohammadi Erbati,
  • Mohammad Mahdi Tajiki and
  • Gregor Schiele

11 September 2023

Network function virtualization (NFV) has the potential to fundamentally transform conventional network architecture through the decoupling of software from dedicated hardware. The convergence of virtualization and cloud computing technologies has re...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Communications and RF Technologies in Sensor Networks and Multimedia Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
7,199 Views
22 Pages

14 December 2022

Digitalization is one of the factors that affects the acceleration of the application of telecommunications technologies such as 5G. The 5G technology that has been developed today does not yet meet different performance and manageability standards,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
660 Views
21 Pages

10 June 2026

Network function virtualization (NFV) enables cost reduction and optimized service deployment. By means of virtualization, network functions which used to be executed on specialized hardware are being replaced with software called Virtual Network Fun...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
7,099 Views
18 Pages

Autonomic Network Management and Cross-Layer Optimization in Software Defined Radio Environments

  • Adamantia Stamou,
  • Grigorios Kakkavas,
  • Konstantinos Tsitseklis,
  • Vasileios Karyotis and
  • Symeon Papavassiliou

3 February 2019

The demand for Autonomic Network Management (ANM) and optimization is as intense as ever, even though significant research has been devoted towards this direction. This paper addresses such need in Software Defined (SDR) based Cognitive Radio Network...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV))
  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Citations
8,197 Views
20 Pages

Intent-Based End-to-End Network Service Orchestration System for Multi-Platforms

  • Adeel Rafiq,
  • Asif Mehmood,
  • Talha Ahmed Khan,
  • Khizar Abbas and ,
  • Muhammad Afaq and
  • Wang-Cheol Song
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

1 April 2020

On-demand service is the main feature of the 5G network, and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) provides it by virtualizing the existing 5G network infrastructure. NFV crafts various virtual networks on a shared physical network, but one of the co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
4,219 Views
21 Pages

30 September 2021

With the emergence of virtualization technology, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN) make the network function abstract from the hardware and allow it to be run on virtual machines. These technologies can help...

(This article belongs to the Section Internet of Things)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,570 Views
16 Pages

17 December 2021

The massive amount of data generated daily by various sensors equipped with connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) can lead to a significant performance issue of data processing and transfer. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a promising approac...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Automation and Learning in MEC and Cloud Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,908 Views
15 Pages

25 September 2024

Future 6G networks will inherit and develop Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architecture. With the NFV-enabled network architecture, it becomes possible to establish different virtual networks within the same infrastructure, create different Vi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced New Physical Layer Technologies for Next-Generation Wireless Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,921 Views
23 Pages

Design and Implementation of Virtual Security Function Based on Multiple Enclaves

  • Juan Wang,
  • Yang Yu,
  • Yi Li,
  • Chengyang Fan and
  • Shirong Hao

6 January 2021

Network function virtualization (NFV) provides flexible and scalable network function for the emerging platform, such as the cloud computing, edge computing, and IoT platforms, while it faces more security challenges, such as tampering with network p...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers for Future Internet—Internet of Things Section)
  • Article
  • Open Access
68 Citations
11,684 Views
36 Pages

Enhancing Network Slicing Security: Machine Learning, Software-Defined Networking, and Network Functions Virtualization-Driven Strategies

  • José Cunha,
  • Pedro Ferreira,
  • Eva M. Castro,
  • Paula Cristina Oliveira and ,
  • Maria João Nicolau,
  • Iván Núñez,
  • Xosé Ramon Sousa and
  • Carlos Serôdio
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

The rapid development of 5G networks and the anticipation of 6G technologies have ushered in an era of highly customizable network environments facilitated by the innovative concept of network slicing. This technology allows the creation of multiple...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Privacy and Security in Computing Continuum and Data-Driven Workflows)

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